Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xinliang Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaoqing Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Shang Gao Author-Workplace-Name: Yangtze University, Jingzhou, P.R. China Xinliang Zhao, Xiaoqing Zhang and Shang Gao contributed equally to the article. Author-Name: Changjuan Shan Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China Title: Cerium improves plant growth and fruit quality of strawberry plants under salt stress by changing the antioxidant capacity and water physiology Abstract: This study investigated the effects of cerium (Ce) on the growth and fruit quality of strawberries under salt stress. The findings revealed that salt stress markedly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in leaves and the contents of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, vitamin C (Vc), soluble sugar (SS) and titratable acid (TA) in fruits. Ce markedly improved the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in leaves and the contents of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, Vc and SS in fruits, but significantly decreased MDA and H2O2 levels in leaves and TA content in fruits under salt stress. However, salt stress significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoids (Car), photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (gs), relative water content (RWC), plant height and biomass, and fruit weight and sugar-acid ratio (SAR). Compared with salt stress alone, Ce obviously increased Chl and Car contents, Pn, Tr, gs, RWC, plant height and biomass, as well as fruit weight and SAR. The above results suggested that Ce showed beneficial effects on the growth and fruit quality of strawberries under salt stress. Keywords: salt tolerance, rare earth element, gas exchange parameters, abiotic stress, Fragaria × ananassa Duch Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 499-509 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/168/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/168/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:168-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dmytro Kiriziy Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Sergii Kots Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Lilia Rybachenko Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Petro Pukhtaievych Title: Inoculation of soybean seeds by rhizobia with nanometal carboxylates reduces the negative effect of drought on N2 and CO2 assimilation Abstract: The effect of individual nanometals (Co, Fe, Cu, Ge) carboxylates (NMC) as components of the suspension for seeds inoculation with rhizobia on the nitrogen fixation rate and the parameters of CO2 and H2O gas exchange in soybean plants grown under different water conditions was investigated. The scheme of trials included the following variants: 1 - seeds + strain B1-20; 2 - seeds + (strain B1-20 + nano-cobalt carboxylate); 3 - seeds + (strain В1-20 + nano-ferrum carboxylate); 4 - seeds + (strain B1-20 + nano-cuprum carboxylate); 5 - seeds + (strain B1-20 + nano-germanium carboxylate). The results showed that during the flowering period, drought (30% field capacity) significantly reduced the rates of nitrogen fixation (Nfx), CO2 net assimilation (An), and transpiration (Tr) in soybean plants. Inoculation of seeds by rhizobia with NMC before sowing reduced the negative effect of drought on these physiological processes. Close correlations were found between the rates of Nfx and An and the stomatal conductance for CO2 and An rates. It was concluded that pre-sowing treatment of seeds by rhizobia with NMC mitigates the negative effect of drought on the main components of soybean-rhizobia symbiosis productivity formation - nitrogen fixation and CO2 assimilation, and also contributes to their recovery after the removal of the stressor. The most effective for this was the use of Ge and Fe nanoparticle carboxylates. Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr., Bradyrhizobium japonicum, nanotechnology, water deficit, photosynthesis Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 510-515 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/287/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/287/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:287-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huiqing Chang Author-Name: Linlin Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Panpan Song Author-Workplace-Name: Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Liyang Ru Author-Workplace-Name: Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Title: Prediction of arsenic accumulation in a calcareous soil-wheat/maize rotation system with continuous amendment of sewage sludge Abstract: A potted experiment was conducted to explore the accumulation of arsenic (As) and predict the uptake of As by a wheat-maize rotation system in calcareous soil with different rates of sewage sludge (SS) amendment over two consecutive years. The SS amendment decreased the pH value of calcareous soil but increased the cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium carbonate (CC), organic carbon (OC) and As accumulation in soil and crops with increasing SS addition. The As bioconcentration factor (BCF) of wheat and maize had a significant negative correlation with pH, CC and a significant positive correlation with OC. Soil CEC had a significant positive correlation only with the As BCF of wheat. Regression analysis showed that soil As, pH, OC, CC and CEC were good predictors of the As concentration in wheat/maize. The regression model for each part of the wheat/maize plants had a high model efficiency value and explained 67~88% of the variability. The R2 values of the wheat and maize grain prediction models were 79% and 76%, respectively. Thus, these models contribute to the study of As risk assessment for sewage sludge utilisation in calcareous soil-wheat/maize rotation systems. Keywords: soil properties, crop tissues, contamination, linear relation, pollution Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 516-524 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/207/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/207/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:207-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joanna Poniatowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Katarzyna Panasiewicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Milena Szalata Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Livia Zarina Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Crop Management Department at Priekuli Research Centre, Priekuli, Latvia Author-Name: Sanita Zute Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Crop Management Department at Stende Research Centre, Stende, Latvia Author-Name: Karolina Wielgus Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland Title: Variability of cannabinoid yields of fibre hemp cultivars depending on the sowing density and nitrogen fertilisation Abstract: The aim of the experiments was to determine the effect of sowing density and nitrogen fertilisation on the cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) yields in selected cultivars of fibre hemp. A three-factor field experiment was conducted in 2014-2016. Factor A: cultivar (Futura 75, KC Dora and Tygra), factor B: sowing density (60 and 180 seeds/m2) and factor C: nitrogen fertilisation (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha). The CBD yield ranged from 10.52 g/m2 in cv. Tygra to 10.99 g/m2 in cv. KC Dora. Among the examined cultivars, the highest yield of Δ9-THC in cv. KC Dora was observed. Sowing density did not modify the CBD yield, but increasing the density from 60 to 180 seeds/m2 caused an increase in the yield of Δ9-THC in cvs. KC Dora and Tygra. Nitrogen fertilisation significantly influenced the yields of CBD and Δ9-THC. In both cases, yield increased until the rate of 60 kg N/ha. Keywords: Cannabis sativa L., agrotechnical factors, productivity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 525-532 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/223/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/223/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:223-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Matěj Satranský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Capouchová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Barbora Burešová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Procházka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effects of various poppy seed pre-sowing treatments on the dynamics of field emergence, structure of yield parameters, oil content and yield of seed Abstract: The effects of various pre-sowing treatments of poppy seed (chemical product Cruiser OSR, stimulation products TS Osivo and Enviseed, physical treatment by E-ventus method, biological products Polyversum and Gliorex) on dynamics of field emergence, seed yield, and structure of yield parameters were evaluated in two cultivars grown in three-year trials. Seed treatment with TS Osivo and Enviseed led to a significant increase in field emergence compared to the untreated control and was on the same level as the Cruiser OSR-treated variant. In variants treated with Polyversum, Gliorex, and E-ventus, the number of emerged plants was noticeably lower. The stand density was a key factor in achieving a satisfactory yield, given that in the structure of other yield parameters (number of capsules per plant, weight of seed per capsule, and thousand seed weight), the differences between the variants were lower and often insignificant. The average yield ranged from 0.85 t/ha (Polyversum) to 1.39 t/ha (Cruiser OSR), and the stimulant seed treatments were also proved to be effective (TS Osivo 1.23 t/ha and Enviseed 1.16 t/ha). Variants with biological and physical treatment did not differ significantly from the control (0.88 t/ha) in average yield. All parameters evaluated were strongly affected by the year (weather conditions). Keywords: Papaver somniferum L, small-seeded crop, agroecological condition, precipitation, neonicotinoids restriction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 533-541 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/364/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/364/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:364-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Prashant Sharma Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, India Author-Name: Manoj K. Singh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Author-Name: Kamlesh Verma Author-Workplace-Name: Divison of Soil and Crop Management, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Author-Name: Saroj K. Prasad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Title: Soil weed seedbank under different cropping systems of middle Indo-Gangetic Plains Abstract: Trees on agricultural fields can have a positive or negative impact on weed seedbank (WSB) due to diverse environmental and soil characteristics. Therefore, soil samples were drawn in six cropping systems [two agroforest systems (AFS): guava, mango; three horticulture systems (HCS): guava, mango, Indian gooseberry; and annual crop system (ACS)] at two landscape positions (lowland and upland) and two soil depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) using factorial randomised block design each replicated three times. Results showed that guava-AFS had the highest WSB of different categories in general and individual weed species in particular, except for Eragrostis pilosa and Dactyloctenium aegyptium. Simultaneously, guava-AFS also showed the maximum Shannon-Weaver, species richness and Simpson index and was low in Whittaker statistics (βW). The species evenness varied non-significantly with the cropping systems. Similarly, the landscape position had no discernible effect on any weed diversity indices; however lowland landscape position was dominated by Cyperus spp. and E. pilosa, while the upland by Phyllanthus niruri. Furthermore, with the exception of βW, the WSB and diversity indices were found to be higher on the topsoil (0-15 cm). Our study establishes that the AFS system in the semi-arid sub-tropics has a more diverse WSB indicating a healthy system, as opposed to HCS, which has a dominance of certain weed species, opening the door for more severe infestation of invasive weed species. Keywords: annual cropping system, seed distribution, spatial distribution patterns, weed density, weed ecology, weed population dynamics Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 542-551 Volume: 68 Issue: 11 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/162/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/162/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202211-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:11:id:162-2022-PSE