Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cuiping Meng Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Shandong University of Clean Chemical Process, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Man Wu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Shandong University of Clean Chemical Process, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiangzhu Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Shandong University of Clean Chemical Process, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Liyu Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Haiyan Liang Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Qi Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Pu Shen Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Chinese National Peanut Engineering Research Center, Qingdao, P.R. China Title: Slow-release fertilisers increased microflora and nitrogen use efficiency and thus promoted peanut growth and yield Abstract: The effects of large granular slow-controlled release fertiliser prepared by a double coating of sulfur and sodium alginate on peanut growth, nitrogen fertiliser utilisation, and soil microbial community were investigated through peanut pot experiments, with a view to providing a theoretical and practical basis for the development of large granular slow-controlled release fertiliser. The results showed that the homemade large granular fertiliser could promote the root development of peanuts, and the root volume increased by 45.10% compared with the uncoated fertiliser at the fruiting stage. At the same time, the soil NH4+-N and NO3--N content were reduced at the seedling stage and increased at the fruiting stage to achieve the fertiliser's slow and controlled release effect. A significant contribution to the net photosynthetic rate was made for growth development and yield in the middle and late stages. Pod dry weight was significantly higher at the blooming stage than uncoated fertiliser, 4.8% higher at the fruiting stage, and 22.9% higher in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In terms of microbial bacterial communities, the large granular slow-release fertiliser promoted the diversity of the treated bacterial communities to some extent, with little difference in the relative abundance of soil bacterial communities. These results showed that a one-time application of homemade large granular slow-release fertiliser positively affected peanuts in terms of yield increase, promotion of nitrogen uptake and improved nitrogen utilisation under nitrogen application with urea equivalent, but the overall effect on soil microbial community was small. Keywords: photosynthetic characteristics, root morphology, nitrogen content, microbial relative abundance,  oil crop Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 61-71 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/266/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/266/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:266-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jose Alberto Orocio-Carrillo Author-Workplace-Name: Tabasco Campus Postgraduate College, Doctorate in Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Cárdenas, Tabasco, México Author-Name: Maria del Carmen Rivera-Cruz Author-Workplace-Name: Tabasco Campus Postgraduate College, Doctorate in Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Cárdenas, Tabasco, México Author-Name: Antonio Juárez-Mandonado Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Antonio Narro Autonomous Agrarian University, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, México Author-Name: Consuelo del Carmen Bautista-Muñoz Author-Workplace-Name: Tabasco Campus Postgraduate College, Doctorate in Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Cárdenas, Tabasco, México Author-Name: Antonio Trujillo-Narcía Author-Workplace-Name: Energy and Environment Academic Body, Popular University of Chontalpa, Cárdenas, Tabasco, México Author-Name: Yolanda García-González Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Antonio Narro Autonomous Agrarian University, Buenavista, Saltillo, Coahuila, México Author-Name: Said Cadena-Villegas Author-Workplace-Name: Tabasco Campus Postgraduate College, Doctorate in Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Cárdenas, Tabasco, México Title: Crude oil induces plant growth and antioxidant production in Leersia hexandra Sw. Abstract: The potential of Leersia hexandra grass in phytoremediation and natural attenuation of three groups of bacteria in soil contaminated with crude oil was evaluated for 180 days. The quantities of new shoots, root and aerial biomass were evaluated; changes in antioxidant concentrations in leaf and root caused by abiotic stress; population densities of Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Pseudomonas; and microbial respiration. The experimental data showed oil-induced increases of 315% and 196% in new shoots and root phytomass, respectively, and a 44% decrease in leaf + stem phytomass. The enzymatic defence in the grass leaf was manifested by higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, phenylalanine ammonium lyase and total flavonoids; the increases fluctuated from 35% to 52%. The response in the root was positive in catalase (16%), and in ammonium phenylalanine lyase, it increased 275% due to the effect of crude oil. The group of indigenous Azotobacter bacteria were tolerant to crude oil exposure, both in the phytoremediation process and in natural attenuation; the population densities varied from 212 to 438 × 103 colony-forming units (CFUs); they are greater than 49% to 106% compared to densities in control soil. Azospirillum spp. and Pseudomonas spp. recorded population abiotic stress. The grass activates enzymatic and plant defence, complementing microbial respiration in response to adaptation to crude oil. Keywords: adaptation, hydrocarbon stress, phytotoxic effect, resistance, tolerance, root biomass, total phenols Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 72-83 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/311/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/311/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:311-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiang Chen Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: lvzhou Liu Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongmei Cai Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Baoqiang Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Jincai Li Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: Effects of spring low-temperature stress on winter wheat seed-setting characteristics of spike Abstract: Global climate change leads to frequent occurrence of low-temperature stress (LTS), which poses a serious threat to global food security. Here, environment-control phytotron experiments were conducted on cold-responsive cv. XM26 and cold-tolerant cv. YN19 during the anther differentiation period. Six LTS levels (4, 2, 0, -2, -4, -6 °C) and a control treatment (10 °C) were set to study the effects of different levels of LTS on wheat seed-setting characteristics and yield. LTS significantly decreased grain number per spike, 1 000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant (GYPP) of the two wheat cultivars. Each spike's grain number and weight distribution showed a quadratic curve, and the near-medium dominance of grain development was not affected by temperature. The grain number percentage and grain weight of wheat at different grain positions were G2 (2nd grain position) ≥ G1 (1st grain position) > G3 (3rd grain position) > G4 (4th grain position), in which G3 and G4 grain positions were more sensitive to LTS. In summary, LTS during the anther differentiation in wheat mainly led to a decrease in GYPP by significantly reducing the number and weight of inferior grains. Improving wheat cultivation measures and promoting the development of inferior grains are significant ways to prevent disasters and increase wheat quality and productivity in the future. Keywords: cereal, cold stress, Triticum aestivum L., number of fertile grains, damage, global warming Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 84-92 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/313/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/313/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:313-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Suran Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Kulhánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej Sedlář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jindřich Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The relationship of soil sulfur with glomalin-related soil protein and humic substances under different mineral and organic fertilisation Abstract: In recent years, sulfur inputs into the soil have greatly diminished due to the significant decrease in SO2 emissions. Plant nutrients, like sulfur, can be released by the mineralisation of soil organic matter (SOM), which is a complicated mixture of substances (or fractions) like glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) and fulvic acids (FA), humic acids (HA), humic substances (HS) and others. GRSP, FA, HA, and HS content, as well as the content of mineral and organic fractions of sulfur, was determined in different mineral and organic fertiliser treatments of the long-term field experiment. Using these results, the sulfur content in GRSP was calculated based on the soil's organic matter carbon and soil's organic bound sulfur (CSOM/SORG) ratio. Sulfur content in GRSP was 4.08-5.46 (easily extractable GRSP), 9.77-15.7 (difficultly extractable GRSP), and 13.9-21.1 (total GRSP) mg S/kg of soil. Overall, the application of the organic fertiliser caused an increase in S content bound to GRSP. A strong significant relationship was also observed between GRSP fractions and soil organic sulfur. A similar relationship was also observed for the HA and HS with organic sulfur. Keywords: luvisol, fertilization, humus fractions, organic carbon, mineral sulfur Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 93-100 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/493/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/493/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:493-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yan Gui Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Meng Suo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhijie Qiu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Hao Wu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Zongjun Cui Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongyan Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, Harbin, P.R. China Title: Effects of biogas residue addition, as cultivation substrate, on ginseng growth Abstract: The effects of biogas residue as a substrate on ginseng growth and its feasibility for ginseng cultivation are unclear. The present study used biogas residue at different concentrations and maturity levels to cultivate ginseng. The biological characteristics of ginseng, soil physiochemical indices, and ginseng and soil microbial communities were investigated. The results showed that with increasing ginseng content and maturity, the total fresh weight, total length and saponin content significantly increased. The enzyme activities of soil, NO3--N, and available phosphorus also increased. The microbiome analysis revealed that with the addition of biogas residue, microorganisms related to plant growth promotion, such as Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota and Mortierellomycota, were more common in the plant or rhizosphere soil. The results based on the co-occurrence network showed that the structure of the bacterial community was more stable than that of the fungal community with increasing biogas residue content. Our results indicated that biogas residue could be used as a ginseng cultivation substrate and promote growth. Keywords: compost, medicinal plant, soil improvement, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer., soil properties, microbial community Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 101-110 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/430/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/430/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:430-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sila Barut Gök Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Çorlu Vocational School, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Yasemin Erdoğdu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Title: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from six lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cultivars Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial potential for the first time of essential oils (EOs) from six cultivars (Druzhba, Raya, Hebar, Hemus, Yubileina, Sevtapolis) of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cultivated in Türkiye (Tekirdağ) against a panel of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. The chemical composition of EOs, analysed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), revealed 34 different components in the six cultivars. The results indicate that the main major constituents of all EOs were monoterpenoid linalool (47.60-64.13%) and linalyl acetate (12.92-26.08%). Based on principal component analysis (PCA) cvs. Druzhba, Raya and Hebar were situated in the centre right quadrant of the plot and were characterised by linalool and linalyl acetate in subgroup one. The results of antimicrobial assays revealed that lavender EOs were active against all strains of bacteria tested. For bacteria, the strongest activity of cv. Hemus was observed against Enterococcus faecalis (IZ = 19 ± 0.10 mm, MIC = MMC = 6.25 (µg/mL), while the weakest potency was seen against the gram-negative Salmonella enterica (IZ = 21 ± 1.00 mm, MIC = MMC = 31.25 (µg/mL). Based on PCA, the first subgroup of cvs. Hebar and Raya was characterised by Lactobacillus rhamnosus, E. faecalis and Lactobacillus pentosus and was situated in the bottom right quadrant of the plot. Keywords: aromatic plant, hydrodistillation, bioactive compound, antibacterial capacity, minimum inhibitory concentration Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 111-123 Volume: 70 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/438/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/438/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202402-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:2:id:438-2023-PSE