Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Subhashini Ramakrishnan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Dr. G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Thomas Jebastin Author-Workplace-Name: Computer Aided Drug Designing Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Bishop Heber College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Sumathy Raj Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Dr. G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Ariyamuthu Ramathilaga Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Dr. G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Rithik Selvaraj Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Dr. G.R. Damodaran College of Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Najat A. Bukhari A. Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Ashraf Atef Hatamleh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Anis Ahamed Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Title: Anti-diabetic effect of rice extract constituents through the molecular inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity Abstract: Carbohydrate digestive enzymes like α-amylase and α-glucosidase can be used to treat and manage diabetes. By inhibiting these enzymes, carbohydrate digestion slowed down, lowering the level of glucose entry into the bloodstream and preventing postprandial hyperglycemia. However, the effectiveness of current antidiabetic agents is limited due to their adverse effects. Therefore, the current study explored natural inhibitors from the methanol extract of rice to combat this issue. Through an integrated approach, four different rice cultivars were analysed and found that red rice methanol extract compounds stigmasterol and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid interacted with α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Additionally, further research on stigmasterol directs the structure-activity relationship studies that aid in managing diabetic conditions. Keywords: Type2 Diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemic, carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes, antioxidant activity,  molecular interaction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 683-694 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/150/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/150/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:150-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dongqi Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Nan Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhuo Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Chenran Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Lijun Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yulan Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhenhua Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Ecosystem Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Effects of mineral/organic fertilisation on the soil organic nitrogen pool in a semi‑arid steppe Abstract: Compared to solely mineral fertiliser application, organic fertiliser substitution has been demonstrated to be effective in enhancing nitrogen cycling in cropland, but the relevant research based on grassland is still insufficient. A field experiment was carried out in the grasslands of northern China to examine the impact of mineral/organic fertilisation on soil organic nitrogen fractions, activities of soil N-hydrolysing enzymes and their interrelationships. The results showed that the active soil organic nitrogen pool (hydrolysable NH4+-N + amino sugar-N + amino acid N) increased significantly after fertilisation, and organic fertiliser combined with mineral fertiliser addition showed the best promotion effect. N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, protease and urease activities are also significantly affected by fertilisation. The findings of our study indicate that the combination of mineral fertiliser and organic fertiliser shows a higher potential in improving the active soil organic nitrogen supply. This approach seems to be a viable agronomic strategy for augmenting soil nitrogen supply and ensuring the stability of the soil nitrogen pool in the semi-arid steppe region of northern China. Keywords: long-term experiment, urea, organic manure, soil properties, nitrogen cycling Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 695-701 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/160/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/160/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:160-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aayushi Gupta Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Rohit Bharati Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economic Theories, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Virus and Vector Interactions, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Kubes Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavla Vachova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Daniela Popelkova Author-Workplace-Name: Materials Chemistry Department, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AS CR v.v.i., Husinec-Rez, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lovely Mahawar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden Author-Name: Marek Zivcak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Xinghong Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Marian Brestic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Milan Skalicky Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Ferric oxide nano-priming enhances photosynthetic and physicochemical properties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) microgreens Abstract: In modern agriculture, nano-priming represents an innovative approach, harnessing the power of nanotechnology to enhance crop yields and nutrition. However, to effectively harness the potential of nanoparticles (NPs) for agriculture applications, understanding their mode of action and optimal application rates for positive effects on microgreen growth and physiology is critical. In this interdisciplinary study, we investigated the priming of sunflower seeds with a range of concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/L) of ferric oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles (FeNPs) and compared them with control samples. Our findings revealed a significant increase in plant biomass, leaf size, and photosynthetic activity in treated samples. The activities of photosystems I and II increased with higher FeNPs concentration. The treated samples exhibited elevated levels of total phenolics, anthocyanin, and antioxidant enzyme activity, along with increased macronutrients and micronutrients. These findings highlight the potential of FeNPs as a promising tool for enhancing plant growth and physiology in sunflower microgreens. Keywords: seed priming, antioxidant, fluorescence activity, nutrients Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 702-711 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/272/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/272/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:272-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Jarolímek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jakub Samek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Šimek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michal Stočes Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Information sources in agriculture Abstract: The aim of this study is to define data sources and propose methods for effective and secure data management in an agricultural enterprise in the context of using data for decision support. Current developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have contributed towards the increase in the amount of generated data in various fields. The main data sources for agricultural enterprises are the farm itself, suppliers, government, market, and research. The use of smart solutions, artificial intelligence, and other innovative practices in agriculture is discussed at many conferences, in various journals, strategies and project plans. Data is the essential raw material for all these solutions. Large amounts of data cannot be analysed efficiently with spreadsheet programs. Currently, there are trends in the use of data, for example, in business intelligence (decision-making systems), e.g. tools using online transaction processing (OLAP) or process automation or the possibility of e.g. tracing the origin of food. The availability and possibility of creating large data sets bring many challenges related to managing that data. To effectively manage farm data, it is essential to have a well-developed data management plan (DMP) used to formalise the processes related to handling. A DMP mainly addresses archiving, backup, licensing and other important aspects of data management. The challenges and developments in farm data management include incorporating artificial intelligence into data analysis and security. Food is classified as an "Entity of Critical Importance" in the NIS2 EU Directive, which also deals with cybersecurity issues. Keywords: data map, data quality, usability of data, data analytics, farmers, data management plan Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 712-718 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/361/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/361/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:361-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huixia Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Fang Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Xueke Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Jingbo Gao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, P.R. China Author-Name: Ping Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Title: Magnesium deficiency or excess hinders tomato growth, potassium and calcium uptake Abstract: Despite accumulating evidence for the adverse effects of magnesium (Mg) deficiency or excess on grain crops, how Mg imbalance affects plant growth and potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) nutrition in vegetable crops is still unclear. The aim of this study was to ascertain the response of plant growth, nutrient uptake and Mg-K-Ca interactions in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to various levels of Mg supply. The growth parameters and nutrient contents of hydroponic plants were measured under the Mg levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 3.0 mmol/L Mg2+ from seedling to fruit ripening stage. Results showed that both Mg deficiency (0 mmol/L Mg2+) and excess (3.0 mmol/L Mg2+) negatively affected shoot and root growth, leading to a noticeable decrease in total plant biomass across different stages (41.2-52.8% and 17.7-38.3%, respectively). Mg imbalance additionally altered leaf morphology and disrupted chloroplast structure. As a consequence of increased Mg levels, the Mg contents in various plant organs increased, whereas the Ca contents decreased substantially. The trend of K contents under different Mg levels was dependent on the plant growth stage. Although Mg levels did not prominently affect plant K contents during the early growth stage, they were significantly negatively correlated in the leaves and positively correlated in the fruit during the late growth stage. When translocated from roots to aboveground organs, Mg and Ca were mainly distributed in the leaves, with K preferentially distributed in the fruit. The findings of this study underscore that the symptoms of Mg imbalance generally develop from middle leaves in vegetable crops, exemplified by tomato, which is different from the pattern in common grain crops. Vegetable production necessitates nutrient supply for the middle and upper parts of Mg-deficient plants, and attention should be paid to the nutritional imbalance of Ca and K in plants under excessive Mg supply. Keywords: magnesium imbalance, micronutrient, ion uptake, Mg application, nutrient interactions Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 719-730 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/473/2023-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/473/2023-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:473-2023-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qingsong Guan Author-Workplace-Name: Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China; Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Application of Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Sanmenxia Yellow River Wetland Environmental Process and Ecological Restoration, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Yiqiao Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Application of Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Sanmenxia Yellow River Wetland Environmental Process and Ecological Restoration, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Shuo Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Application of Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Sanmenxia Yellow River Wetland Environmental Process and Ecological Restoration, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Fan Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Application of Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Sanmenxia Yellow River Wetland Environmental Process and Ecological Restoration, Sanmenxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Rentao Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China; Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, P.R. China Title: Denitrification and Anammox and Feammox in the Yinchuan Yellow River wetland Abstract: Denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox), and ferric iron reduction coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Feammox) are the nitrogen removal pathways in natural ecosystems. In this study, the differences between these three nitrogen removal pathways in a Phragmites australis covered site (LW), artificial grassland covered site (CD), poplar covered site (YD), and topsoil tillage after harvesting reed site (GD) in the Yinchuan Yellow River wetland were investigated using isotope tracing, metagenome, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) techniques. No 30N2 accumulation was detected in 15NH4+ addition incubations, indicating that Feammox was weak in all sites, which is consistent with a low abundance of the Feammox functional bacteria Acidimiprobiaceae sp. A6. The denitrification rates were 0.36 (LW), 0.5 (CD), 0.76 (YD) and 0.12 (GD) mg N/kg/day. The Anammox rates were 0.18 (LW) and 0.26 (GD) mg N/kg/day; other sites did not detect Anammox rate. Denitrification was the dominant pathway except for the CD site. The YD site had the highest abundance of denitrification genes, which was consistent with the denitrification rate. Keywords: nitrogen cycling, environmental microorganism, functional gene, iron-nitrogen coupling, biogeochemistry Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 731-738 Volume: 70 Issue: 11 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/318/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/318/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202411-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:70:y:2024:i:11:id:318-2024-PSE