Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ines Mihaljević Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Marija Viljevac Vuletić Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Vesna Tomaš Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Dominik Vuković Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Zvonimir Zdunić Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Title: Drought tolerance screening of plum rootstocks based on physiological and biochemical traits Abstract: Drought-tolerant rootstocks with better performance regarding water deficit is important for sustaining orchard productivity, especially in regions where water availability is unpredictable. By selecting appropriate rootstocks, fruit growers can mitigate the adverse effects of insufficient water on yields. However, the response of specific rootstocks to drought remains unknown. Our study examined the drought tolerance of five plum rootstocks (Wavit, Torinell, Adesoto, Penta, and St. Julien) focusing on their physiological and biochemical responses. To assess their tolerance under drought conditions, we evaluated leaf relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, and phenolic content. The results showed that Torinel exhibited the highest performance index (PIABS), maximum PSII photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), RWC, lowest lipid peroxidation and H2O2 during the drought-stress condition. Based on our results, we identified Torinel as a rootstock with a great ability to withstand drought, suggesting that it could be applied in the breeding program to increase plum resistance to drought. The study provides insights into the drought tolerance of different plum rootstocks, identifying which ones are better suited for cultivation in water-limited environments. Keywords: climate change, water scarcity, oxidative stress, photosynthesis, Prunus domestica L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 1-11 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/516/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/516/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:516-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vladimir Zornić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Forage Crop Kruševac, Kruševac, Serbia Author-Name: Vesna Đurović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Čačak, Serbia Author-Name: Mirjana Petrović Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Forage Crop Kruševac, Kruševac, Serbia Author-Name: Snežana Babić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Forage Crop Kruševac, Kruševac, Serbia Author-Name: Dalibor Tomić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Čačak, Serbia Author-Name: Nedeljko Racić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Forage Crop Kruševac, Kruševac, Serbia Author-Name: Jasmina Milenković Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Forage Crop Kruševac, Kruševac, Serbia Title: Mid-term fertilisers and lime effect on grassland in the hilly-mountain region in Balkan Abstract: Although the effects of fertiliser addition and liming on semi-natural grassland productivity and biomass quality are well documented, less is known about how fertilisers change plant functional groups and mean ecological values. We researched the effects of liming (no lime and lime with 1 t/ha) and mineral fertilisers (control - no fertilisers, PK-P60K60, N20PK-N20P60K60, N80PK-N80P60K60, and N140PK-N140P60K60) for nine years on the Danthonia alpina Vest. grassland community. Based on Brown-Blanquet cover abundance, we calculated Shannon-Wiener evenness and abundance of plant functional groups (based on height, canopy structure, storage organs presence and flowering duration). We also researched Landolt's ecological indicator values for nutrients, moisture, reaction, light, and temperature. Results revealed that fertilisers stimulated tall species with longer flowering duration. Shannon-Wiener evenness in control was 0.45, and N20PK increased to 0.71 but significantly decreased in treatment N140PK (0.25). Mean Landolt ecological value for nutrients and moisture increased while temperature dropped. The coverage of legumes and Landolt indicator value for nutrients increased because of the lime application, while the lime had no effect on Shannon-Wiener evenness and abundance of functional groups. Greater Shannon-Wiener evenness in treatments of PK and N20PK is a prerequisite for resistance to the effects of extreme climate events. Keywords: fertilising, botanical composition, biodiversity, functional traits, ecological index Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 12-20 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/347/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/347/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:347-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shang-Hung Pao Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Life Sciences and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Author-Name: Hewder Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Enrich Microbiome Ltd., Tainan, Taiwan Author-Name: Hwey-Lian Hsieh Author-Workplace-Name: Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Author-Name: Chang-Po Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Author-Name: Hsing-Juh Lin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Life Sciences and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan Title: Effects of modulating probiotics on greenhouse gas emissions and yield in rice paddies Abstract: Rice serves as a crucial staple food for nearly half of the world's population. However, rice paddies contribute remarkably to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Prior studies often showed a trade-off between reducing GHG emissions and impairing rice yield. In this study, we explore the possibility of employing modulating probiotics to develop a win-win strategy for enhancing rice yields while reducing GHG emissions. Three paired plots of rice paddies were used in the field experiment during the spring growing season (from February to July 2022). Each pair of plots was divided into control and probiotic addition paddies to investigate the effects of modulating probiotic treatment on GHG emissions using the whole-plant chambers. Our results revealed notable reductions in GHG emissions and increases in rice yield with the probiotic treatment relative to the control. The probiotic treatment resulted in a 47.58% reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a 21.53% reduction in methane (CH4) emissions, and an impressive 88.50% reduction in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions over the growing season. We also observed a 27.75% increase in rice yield with the probiotic treatment. These findings suggest that employing modulating probiotics has the potential to pave the way for mutually beneficial outcomes, enhancing rice productivity while mitigating the GHG emissions associated with rice cultivation. Keywords: flooded irrigation, global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity, microbiome, Oryza sativa L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 21-35 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/299/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/299/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:299-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ulkar Ibrahimova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Javanshir Talai Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Md. Mahadi Hasan Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Irada Huseynova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan Author-Name: Vaseem Raja Author-Workplace-Name: University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh, University, Gharuan, Mohali Punjab, India Author-Name: Anshu Rastogi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Hamideh Ghaffari Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Marek Zivcak Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Xinghong Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Marian Brestic Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Dissecting the osmotic and oxidative stress responses in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive wheat genotypes under saline conditions Abstract: Salinity represents a significant abiotic stress that markedly influences plant growth through osmotic stress induction. Plants commonly undergo osmotic adaptation when subjected to prolonged periods of saline stress. The current experiments were conducted on five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance capacities - Mirbashir 128, Gobustan, Gyzyl bughda, Fatima, and Zirva 80 under salinity stress caused by 150 mmol NaCl. The relative water content and osmotic potential were found to decrease significantly in salinity-sensitive genotypes (Fatima and Zirva 80) compared to salinity-tolerant ones (Mirbashir 128, Gobustan, and Gyzyl bughda) when treated with 150 mmol NaCl. Salinity also caused the accumulation of soluble sugars and proline, the amounts of which were observed to be higher in salinity-tolerant genotypes than sensitive ones, while lipid peroxidation was higher in salinity-sensitive genotypes. In salinity-tolerant genotypes, 150 mmol NaCl caused increased antioxidant enzyme activities and accumulation of flavonoids, including anthocyanins, confirming the rapid development of the stress reactions in these plants. Differences in the osmoregulation indicators and antioxidant responses between salinity-tolerant and sensitive plants are assumed to be related to their salinity-tolerance traits. This investigation provides pivotal foundational insights for enhancing the salt tolerance of wheat genotypes, thereby potentially enhancing both yield and quality in diverse wheat cultivars thriving in saline environments. Keywords: ascorbate, malondialdehyde, osmolytes, reactive oxygen species, water transport Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 36-47 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/459/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/459/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:459-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shun Li Author-Workplace-Name: Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Zongqing Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Title: Optimising sunflower yields: insights from meta-analysis on fertilisation impact and planting strategies for enhanced crop productivity in China Abstract: Sunflower serves as a valuable rotational crop, suitable for snack processing or sunflower seed oil extraction, proving to be a lucrative cash crop. To address sunflower yield uncertainties, this study employs meta-analysis to examine the impact of fertilisation. Utilising 41 studies and 392 pairs of observations based on four criteria, we found an overall 27% increase in sunflower yield with fertiliser application. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) individually applied raised yield by 23.37, 20.92, and 11.63%, respectively. Combined fertilisers (NP, NK, NP, and NPK) enhanced yield by 29.69, 28.40, 17.35, and 41.91%, respectively. Sunflower type minimally affects yield, while planting density significantly influences it. Combining local soil conditions and environmental factors with appropriate planting densities ensures maximum sunflower yield, fostering economic benefits for farmers. This study holds constructive implications for sunflower cultivation in China, contributing to increased yield. Keywords: Helianthus annuus L., production, soil fertility, heterogeneity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 48-57 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/303/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/303/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:303-2024-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Koudela Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslava Soukupová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva Jablonská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tereza Šmrhová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomas Engl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Matějka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Sebnem Kurhan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Maršík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Novotný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Čeněk Novotný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Ability of soil microorganisms to degrade aminopyralid and its effect on their growth Abstract: The study aimed at the isolation of microorganisms from aminopyralid (AP)-contaminated soil, evaluation of their ability to degrade AP, and examination of the effects of AP on microbial growth. Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium herbarum, Candida subhashii, and Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans were isolated and identified using enrichment. None of those strains were able to degrade 100 ppm AP within 2-3 weeks. In contrast, collection strains Pleurotus ostreatus 'Spoppo' and Bacillus velezensis FZB42 reduced AP concentration by 35.1% and 47.8%, respectively. Low sensitivity of growth to AP (400 ppm) on the malt-extract-agar medium was observed; inhibition values for C. herbarum and G. candidum were 52.4% and 22.8%, respectively, compared to 33.7% inhibition found with P. ostreatus 'Spoppo'. Promotion of fungal growth was observed at low AP concentrations in the Czapek-Dox medium, the highest effect being in G. candidum. The growth promotion effect was confirmed with P. ostreatus 'Spoppo'growing on wheat straw contaminated with Mustang Forte and Corello herbicides; total fruiting body mass yield increased 1.25- and 1.37-fold, respectively. The study offers insight into future strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of synthetic auxin herbicides. Keywords: soil microbiota, contamination, weed control, taxonomical identification, biodegradation capacity, liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry analysis Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 58-65 Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/586/2024-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/586/2024-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202501-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:1:id:586-2024-PSE