Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krystyna Zarzecka
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland
Author-Name: Katarzyna Rymuza
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland
Title: Content of polyphenols and carotenoids in edible potato tubers with colored flesh
Abstract: Polyphenols and carotenoids are important bioactive compounds in potato tuber. Knowledge of these features makes it possible to select cultivars for cultivation, consumption, and processing with desirable properties. For this purpose, the content of polyphenols and carotenoids in edible potato tubers from different countries was analysed. The research material consisted of eight cultivars, including one light yellow - Eurostar, two with red flesh - Rote Emmalie and Herbie 26 and five cultivars with purple flesh - Provita, Salad Blue, Blue Annelise, Vitelotte Noire and Bora Valley. They were cultivated in a three-year, single-factor field experiment. The content of polyphenols in the analysed cultivars ranged from 165.0 to 283.8 mg/kg of fresh weight and depended on the cultivar, year of research and cultivar-year interactions. The highest average amounts of these compounds were noted in the Herbie 26, Rote Emmalie and Vitelotte Noire cultivars. The content of carotenoids ranged from 1.122 to 3.173 mg/kg of fresh weight and depended significantly on the cultivar, weather conditions in the years of the study and the interaction of cultivars with years. The highest amounts of carotenoids were determined in the purple-fleshed cultivars Blaue Annelise and Vitelotte Noire and the red-fleshed cultivar Rote Emmalie.
Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L., nutrition, red and purple tuber flesh, bioactive substances
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 381-386
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/109/2025-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2025-PSE.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:6:id:109-2025-PSE

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sanchun Lei
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Qiong Wu
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Yuehong Liu
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Minghao Hao
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Rui Liu
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Feiyan Yu
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Jinxiwang Agricultural Science and Technology Company Limited, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Name: Lianhe Zhang
Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, Henan Province, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Jinxiwang Agricultural Science and Technology Company Limited, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China
Title: Effects of soaking seeds with selenite on the physiological characteristics and quality of peanut sprouts
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics and quality of hypocotyls in the production of selenium-enriched sprouts from peanut seeds soaked in selenium (Se) solution. Peanut seeds were soaked with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 μmol/L Na2SeO3 for 12 h and then germinated. The results showed that the selenium concentration in peanut shoots increased with increasing levels of selenite soaking, and there existed a crossroads of selenite soaking concentration (5.0 μmol/L) when selenium concentrations in cotyledons and hypocotyls were equal. Below and above this concentration, Se concentrations in shoots were radicle > cotyledon > hypocotyl or cotyledon > radicle > hypocotyl, respectively. In addition, Se significantly promoted the elongation of hypocotyls and radicles, increased shoot biomass, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of antioxidants in hypocotyls, and decreased malondialdehyde levels. Moreover, Se significantly increased the concentrations of soluble sugars, proteins, free amino acids and resveratrol in hypocotyls. These results indicate that soaking peanut seeds with selenite significantly increased Se concentration, biomass, antioxidant capacity and quality of peanut shoots. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rapid and standardised production of Se-enriched peanut shoots from selenite-soaked seeds.
Keywords: selenium uptake, seed priming, biomass accumulation, oxidative stress reduction, nutritional quality improvement, resveratrol enhancement
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 387-397
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/160/2025-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/160/2025-PSE.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:6:id:160-2025-PSE

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Title: Salt stress mitigation in chickpea seedlings: a comparative study of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles
Abstract: Nanotechnology plays a vital role in enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress; however, comparative studies on zinc oxide bulk particles (ZnO bulk) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in this context remain unexplored. Since zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient involved in enzyme activation, photosynthesis, and antioxidant responses, it is important to understand how ZnO bulk and ZnO NPs influence chickpea growth under salt stress. This study investigated the morphological and physiological responses of chickpea seedlings treated with ZnO bulk (50 mg/L) and ZnO NPs (50 mg/L) under varying salt concentrations (20, 40, 80, and 120 mmol/L). Salt stress significantly inhibited chickpea growth, reducing the relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, total chlorophyll content, and potassium (K) and zinc ion levels while increasing sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline content. However, the application of ZnO bulk and ZnO NPs improved these parameters, mitigating the negative effects of salt stress. Furthermore, exogenous ZnO bulk and ZnO NPs to salt-stressed (20, 40, 80, and 120 mmol/L) chickpea resulted in decreased malondialdehyde content by 30, 32, 47, 34%, and 58, 31, 48, 47%, proline content by 4, 6, 1.6, 4% and 22, 21, 22, 28%, respectively, in comparison to the control. Notably, ZnO bulk and ZnO NPs enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. These findings suggest that foliar application of ZnO bulk and ZnO NPs helps alleviate salt stress in chickpeas, promoting better growth and physiological performance under saline conditions.
Keywords: crop, electrical conductivity, environment, ion toxicity, soil
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 398-408
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/115/2025-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/115/2025-PSE.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:6:id:115-2025-PSE

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peltier Aguiar
Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Superior Politécnico do Cuanza Sul (ISPCS), Sumbe, Angola
Author-Name: Margarida Arrobas
Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Author-Name: Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues
Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
Title: Increased uptake and accumulation of phosphorus and other nutrients by legumes enhance their bioavailability for non-legume species
Abstract: Legumes are promoted in agroecosystems for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N), thereby reducing or eliminating the need for N fertilisation while also contributing N-rich organic residues, which non-legume species can subsequently utilise. In phosphorus (P)-poor soils, certain legumes appear to access less available forms of P, converting them into organic P and facilitating its use by non-legume species. This study evaluated seven legume species/cultivars and one grass species (as a control) in a trial conducted in low-fertility soils under four different growing conditions (location × year). The objective was to investigate the role of legumes in P and other nutrient uptake and accumulation in plant tissues. Some lupins and broad beans accumulated up to 30 kg/ha of P in their biomass, even without accounting for P in the roots. Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in plant tissues were also significantly higher in legumes than in grass. In addition to concentrating certain nutrients in their tissues, legumes produced substantially more biomass due to their access to atmospheric N, resulting in considerably higher nutrient accumulation. Ca and Mg in some legumes exceeded 100 and 40 kg/ha in aboveground biomass, respectively, whereas in grasses, they remained below 4 kg/ha. Thus, when legumes are cultivated as green manure, these nutrients are returned to the soil in organic form, which can subsequently become available to non-legume crops through the mineralisation process of the organic substrate. Therefore, cultivating legumes not only enhances N availability for other species but also improves the cycling of other essential nutrients.
Keywords: nutrient recovery, nutrient cycling, white lupin, yellow lupin, narrow-leaf lupin, macronutrient
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 409-425
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/85/2025-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/85/2025-PSE.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:6:id:85-2025-PSE

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xinliang Zhao
Author-Workplace-Name: College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
Author-Name: Wei Zhang
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, P.R. China
Title: Improving yield by breaking the seed furrow and covering the soil after sowing in strip-tillage mode
Abstract: Based on strip-tillage technology, this study explores the optimal seedbed environment for maize growth through a three-year field agronomic experiment. A comparative analysis of two planting modes, flat planting and ridge planting, was conducted, and a two-factor, three-level experimental design was implemented (furrow-breaking width: 8, 10 and 12 cm; furrow-breaking depth: 2, 3 and 4 cm), with manual soil covering without furrow breaking as the control group. Analysis of the averaged data over three years indicates that furrow-breaking treatment significantly increased maize yield under both flat and ridge planting modes, highlighting the importance of furrow breaking for maize growth. Ridge planting increased yield by an average of 7.58% compared to flat planting. The optimal yield was achieved at a furrow-breaking width of 10 cm and a depth of 4 cm, where ridge and flat planting yields were 10.37% and 10.43% higher than the average values at each level, respectively. Additionally, at the optimal yield level, the chlorophyll soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) values for ridge and flat planting were 15.36% and 17.06% higher than the average values. The emergence rates of ridge and flat planting maize were 5.43% and 4.93% higher than the average values, respectively. This not only enhanced crop stress resistance but also improved overall economic benefits.
Keywords: strip tillage, breaking width and depth, maize yield, flat tillage and ridge tillage, seedbed environment
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 426-440
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/114/2025-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2025-PSE.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Changjuan Shan
Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Xinxiang Pasture Engineering Technology Research Center, Xinxiang, P.R. China
Author-Name: Zhimin Yuan
Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China
Title: Gamma-aminobutyric acid improves cold tolerance of wheat seedlings
Abstract: To provide a new agent to enhance wheat cold tolerance, we investigated the impacts of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on wheat antioxidant and photosynthetic capacity and growth parameters under cold stress (CS). CS significantly improved superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and gluathione reductase in wheat leaves. Meanwhile, CS also increased the contents of reduced ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). However, CS significantly increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Compared with CS, GABA + CS improved the activities of the above antioxidant enzymes and the contents of antioxidants. In this way, GABA improved wheat antioxidant capacity and decreased MDA content and EL under CS. Whereas CS significantly increased non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) and reduced soil and plant analyser development (SPAD) value, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of PS II (Y(II)), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), plant height and biomass. Compared to CS, GABA + CS significantly promoted the photosynthetic capacity by reducing qN and increasing SPAD value, Pn, Fv/Fm, Y(II) and qP. In this way, GABA improved plant growth under CS. Our results indicated that GABA can be used as a new agent to improve wheat cold tolerance.
Keywords: cold damage, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, osmoregulation, photosynthetic pigments, reactive oxygen species
Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment
Pages: 441-452
Volume: 71
Issue: 6
Year: 2025
DOI: 10.17221/663/2024-PSE
File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/663/2024-PSE.html
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