Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juan Pablo Montero-Vélez Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratorio de Remediación, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad Politécnica Mesoamericana, Tenosique, Tabasco, Mexico Author-Name: Verónica Isidra Domínguez-Rodríguez Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratorio de Remediación, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico Author-Name: Randy H. Adams Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratorio de Remediación, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico Title: Cleanup goals for petroleum-contaminated pastures according to oil density, concentration, and soil type Abstract: The common 1% oil cleanup criterion was tested for pasture production according to oil type and concentration, in soil types frequently contaminated in southeastern Mexico. Reductions in aerial biomass of Brachiaria humidicola were measured over six months in soils contaminated with crude oils of varying grades (light, medium, heavy, and extra-heavy). Dose-response curves for heavy crude-contaminated soils showed acceptable criteria (90% pasture) of 0.71, 0.56, 1.23, ~0.20 and < 0.10% oil for an Arenosol, Vertisol, Gleysol, Fluvisol and an Acrisol, respectively. Generally, for all crude oils, the 1% level resulted in pasture reductions of ~20-70, ~25-60, ~50-65, and ~35-65% in the Arenosol, Vertisol, Fluvisol, and Acrisol, respectively. Still, in the Gleysol it was variable (reduction of ~10% to an increase of ~15%). Thus, the 1% oil cleanup criterion may be suitable for some soils with large amounts of smectite clays and organic matter (such as Gleysols). Still, for most soils, it may not be strict enough to prevent soil fertility deterioration, and soils with large amounts of non-smectite fines may be particularly impacted. Therefore, lower cleanup levels need to be considered, as well as low-cost regenerative agricultural practices to recover soil fertility in contaminated soils, when these cleanup levels are not achievable. Keywords: remediation, hydrocarbons, 1% rule, water repellency, compaction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 759-769 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/339/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/339/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:339-2025-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriela Mühlbachová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agrofood Research Centre, Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Helena Kusá Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agrofood Research Centre, Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Růžek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agrofood Research Centre, Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Káš Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agrofood Research Centre, Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek Vavera Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agrofood Research Centre, Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Soil nutrient contents in a long-term field experiment following the suspension of phosphorus and potassium fertilisation Abstract: The effect of mineral, organic (manure or straw + intercrop) and combined fertilisation on the development of soil nutrient contents over time and their mutual ratios was evaluated in a long-term field trial, IOSDV (established in 1984 at two sites), differing in the soil-climatic conditions. Three cropping cycles, from 2016 to 2018, 2019 to 2021, and 2022 to 2024, were studied in the following crop rotation: winter wheat-winter barley-root crop (sugar beet at Ivanovice na Hané and potatoes at Lukavec). Potassium and phosphorus in mineral fertilisers have not been applied since the year 2020 due to their high content found in soils after dry years with low yields. Consequently, their content decreased, most in the third rotation, both by the Mehlich 3 method and especially the exchange fraction extractable with NH4-acetate (Ivanovice: P 5-14%, 32-40% and K up to 12%, 9-20% determined by Mehlich 3 and NH4-acetate, respectively; Lukavec: Mehlich 3 - P increase: 5-16%, K decrease: 0-8%; NH4- acetate decrease - P: 10-13%, K 8-23%). The mutual ratio of nutrients equivalents K:Mg:Ca was lower than required values 1:2-3:10-15 at both sites and all studied treatments, however a slight increase was observed during the studied period, above all in system with only mineral fertilisation (Ivanovice: K:Mg:Ca from 1:1.2:5.6 to 1:1.4:6.8, Lukavec: from 1:1.0:7.7 to 1:1.0:9.6). A correctly balanced ratio of nutrients in the soil is important for maintaining soil fertility. In this long-term field experiment, the increase in nutrient levels in soils over reasonable levels was observed, highlighting the necessity of regular nutrient testing in agricultural soils, especially when multiple types of fertilisers are used simultaneously. Keywords: yields, uptake, nutrient ratio, soil tests Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 770-781 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/310/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/310/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:310-2025-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sonja I. Kimmel Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Matthias Schumacher Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Michael Spaeth Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Markus Sökefeld Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Oyebanji O. Alagbo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production and Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria Author-Name: Alicia Allmendinger Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Dionisio Andujar Author-Workplace-Name: CSIC - Centre for Automation and Robotics, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: Therese W. Berge Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Invertebrate Pests and Weeds in Forestry, Agriculture and Horticulture, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway Author-Name: Reiner Braun Author-Workplace-Name: Reutlingen University, Herman Hollerith Centre (HHZ), Reutlingen, Germany Author-Name: Sergiu Cioca Parasca Author-Workplace-Name: USAMV - University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Author-Name: Jessica Emminghaus Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Ioannis Glykos Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece; Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DIMITRA, Athens, Greece Author-Name: Pavel Hamouz Author-Workplace-Name: CULSP, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Adam Hruška Author-Workplace-Name: CULSP, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michael Merkle Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Georg Naruhn Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Gerassimos G. Peteinatos Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece; Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - DIMITRA, Athens, Greece Author-Name: Bahadir Sin Author-Workplace-Name: Sakarya University of Applied Science, Sakarya, Turkey Author-Name: Roland Gerhards Author-Workplace-Name: Weed Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Title: A comparative applied analysis of six robotic-assisted weeding systems in sugar beets Abstract: Effective weed management is crucial in the critical period of sugar beet production, but often lacks sustainability and environmental protection. Recent advancements in sensor-based weed control systems have rendered the latter a realistic prospect, which demands detailed analyses, especially under suboptimal field conditions. The present study analysed six robotic-assisted weed control systems (RAWS) in three experiments on sugar beets in 2024, conducted under dry soil and high weed pressure. The experiments included sensor-based inter-row and intra-row hoeing, spot- and band-spraying and were compared to a broadcast herbicide treatment and an untreated control. Weed control efficacy (WCE) in the intra- and inter-row areas, as well as weed species composition and crop plant damage, were assessed after treatment. The data show that intra-row WCE of two hoeing robots (Farming GT® and Robovator®) equipped with selective intra-row blades achieved up to 80%, which was higher than the broadcast herbicide control with 67% WCE. In the inter-row area, Farming GT® robotic hoeing and ARA® spot-spraying resulted in more than 90% WCE, which was equal to the broadcast herbicide application. Weed species composition was not affected by the different RAWS. Crop plants were affected by all hoeing treatments with maximum non-lethal burial rates of 33%. The highest lethal uprooting of crop plants occurred after Farming GT® robotic hoeing, at 5.5% overall. The results demonstrate the great potential of robotic weeding to replace broadcast herbicide applications. Keywords: weeding robots, plant detection, sensor technologies, artificial intelligence, precision farming Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 782-792 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/335/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/335/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:335-2025-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maisam Naji Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Science and Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Marjan Diyanat Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Science and Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Davood Habibi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Mehdi Sadeghi Shoa Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Breeding and Preparation of Sugar Beet Seeds, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organisation, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Weria Wisany Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Science and Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Title: Improvement of salt stress tolerance in sugar beet: role of gamma irradiation and cultivar-specific responses Abstract: This study investigates the effects of salt stress and gamma irradiation on growth, biochemical, and physiological responses in three sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. Control plants were irrigated with fresh water (EC = 1.1 dS/m), whereas salt stress was imposed with an irrigation of 9 dS/m. Seeds were irradiated with gamma rays (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 Gy) before sowing. Exposure to salt stress reduced root yield (RY), sugar yield (SY), chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)). In contrast, oxidative damage increased, as indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Interestingly, salt stress enhanced sugar content, with the Eudoro cultivar showing the greatest resilience, maintaining higher RY and SY and lower MDA compared to the other cultivars. Gamma irradiation at moderate doses (50-200 Gy) alleviated the effects of salt stress, with the strongest improvements in SY observed at 100 and 200 Gy. These treatments enhanced RY, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant activities, while also improving photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) and cellular integrity. Higher doses (> 200 Gy) reduced sugar content, indicating dose-specific effects. Eudoro exhibited superior salt tolerance, maintaining higher root and sugar yields (RY, SY) and reduced oxidative damage (lower MDA) under salt stress. These findings demonstrate that gamma irradiation at optimal doses enhances salt tolerance in sugar beet, offering cultivar-specific benefits for breeding programmes in saline environments. Keywords: salinity, reactive oxygen species, stimulation, Rubisco, oxidative stress Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 793-804 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/346/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/346/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:346-2025-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Straková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Suchý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Quantitative and qualitative changes in the green mass protein of white lupin during the growing season Abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the quantitative and qualitative changes in crude protein of the white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) green mass during the growing season in stands of three cultivars of white lupin (ZULIKA, AMIGA, DIETA), intended for feeding purposes as protein roughage, when grown under the same soil and climatic conditions in the Czech Republic. Changes in the crude protein and amino acid content were monitored during the growing season from the 9th to the 18th week of stand age. Changes in the crop dry weight were characterised by a statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in crude protein from the 9th to the 15th week of stand age (ZULIKA 203.50-176.82 g/kg, AMIGA 190.58-161.59 g/kg, DIETA 201.41-175.84 g/kg). In the following period, during the maturation of lupin pods, from the 15th to the 18th week, the change in the crude protein content of the green matter was not statistically significant (ZULIKA 176.82-162.12 g/kg, AMIGA 161.59-150.95 g/kg, DIETA 175.84-175.24 g/kg). For most of the amino acids studied, a decrease in their content in the dry weight of the green matter was demonstrated from the 9th to the 15th week, with a subsequent statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase from the 15th to the 18th week of stand age. Interesting differences were observed in the arginine content, which showed a statistically significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) during the growing season (ZULIKA 7.93-16.03 g/kg, AMIGA 6.88-13.04 g/kg, DIETA 7.56-17.45 g/kg). Changes in the dry weight of the crop in the crude protein and amino acid content can be considered characteristic of lupin crops because of the identical evidence in all three white lupin cultivars studied. Keywords: Fabaceae, annual forage, vegetation phase, green mass production, nutrition Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 820-828 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/334/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/334/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:334-2025-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junnan Jian Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Shimin Tang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Shengjun Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Ling Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Bian Ran Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Xuechao Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Weikang Luo Author-Workplace-Name: Yili Perilla Beauty Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Yining, P.R. China Author-Name: Shilei Dong Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Science Institute of Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: The Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture, Yining, P.R. China Title: Geographical variations in soil properties and bacterial community diversity across major lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) cultivation regions in the Ili River Valley Abstract: The Ili region hosts China's largest lavender cultivation base, yet soil bacterial diversity in its primary cultivation areas remains understudied. To address this, we compared soil bacterial communities across four major cultivation counties (Chabuchar, Agricultural Research Institute, Yining, and Huocheng). Essential oil profiles, soil properties, and bacterial community characteristics were analysed to elucidate microbial variations and environmental interactions. The results showed that: (1) The essential oil yield (1.14%) and linalool content (41.04%) in the Huocheng County cultivation area were significantly higher than those in other areas, and the essential oil quality was relatively the best; (2) the soil bacterial communities in different main cultivation areas shared certain commonalities. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, and Actinobacteriota were the dominant phyla, and their relative abundances varied by region and soil layer, and (3) the redundancy analysis results showed that soil bacterial communities were comprehensively affected by environmental factors such as pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, soil organic carbon, longitude, and altitude. The significant positive correlations between the abundance of Vicinamibacteraceae (Acidobacteriota) in Huocheng County soils and both soil total phosphorus and linalool content suggest a putative mechanism whereby this bacterial taxon enhances lavender terpenoid synthesis by facilitating phosphorus cycling. Overall, these results suggest that geographically driven climatic variations dynamically alter the soil bacterial community, thereby influencing lavender growth and the final essential oil quality. Keywords: perennial herb, microbiology, soil microorganism, biosynthesis, rhizobacteria-environment interaction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 805-819 Volume: 71 Issue: 11 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/377/2025-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/377/2025-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202511-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:71:y:2025:i:11:id:377-2025-PSE