Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Šleger Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Technological Faculty, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Potential use of program Dynamic Designer in spring modelling Abstract: Program Dynamic Designer serves for kinematic and dynamical analysis of rigid body system. Models of springs and relations between force and spring deformation can be chosen and inserted into the system. In the article there is presented a model of flexibly fastened body. Result of dynamical analysis is dependence of selected point deflection on time (Figs. 5, 7, 8, 10). The results can be put to use in the design of spring-loaded parts of agricultural machines. Keywords: software Dynamic Designer, rigid body system, dynamical analysis, springs, dampers Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 1-5 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4918-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4918-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4918-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Stasiak Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: M. Molenda Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland Title: Direct shear testing of flowability of food powders Abstract: The flow properties were determined for two groups of food powders used in industry: cereal powders and non-starch powders. Materials were different in mean sizes of particles d* ranging from 0.033 mm for potato flour to 4.449 mm for oatmeal. Experiments were performed in 60 mm in diameter direct shear tester (Jenike shear tester) for four values of consolidating stress r: 30, 60, 80 and 100 kPa. The highest values of flow function (FF) and the widest range of its variability (ranging from 0.5 kPa to 35 kPa) were found in the case of pearl barley groats. For the non-starch powders values of FF were more stable and did not exceed a limit characteristic for easy flowing materials. The highest values of FF in the group of the non-starch materials were obtained for icing sugar (from 19 kPa to 24 kPa) while the lowest found were values of FF for salt (from 3 kPa to 7 kPa). Powdered milk and potato flour showed the widest variability of FF values within the non-starch materials. Keywords: powders, flow function, consolidation pressure, flow properties, milk powder, cereal powder Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 6-10 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4919-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4919-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4919-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Rusinek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: J. Łukaszuk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland Title: Influence of moisture content on pressure ratio of rape seeds Abstract: The pressure ratio of rape seeds was determined for four levels of moisture content in a model silo. The silo was 0.6 m in diameter and 0.6 m high. Ratio of horizontal to vertical pressure and distributions of local horizontal to vertical pressure along the radius of the floor in the model silo were determined for cycles of loading and unloading simulated conditions observed in a silo (in a range of 0-13 kPa). The sample was poured into the model silo through centrally located spout, without vibration or other compacting actions. The pressure ratio rape seeds generally decreased with an increase in moisture content. Experimental results were compared with simplified approximation recommended by the Eurocode 1 (2003) and theoretical values obtained for active and passive stress case. Keywords: pressure ratio, granular material, rape seed, model silo Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 11-14 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4920-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4920-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4920-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Hutla Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mazancová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Post-drying of energy sorrel in a grate stock Abstract: Energy sorrel is a crop with high-yield potential and belongs among the most promissing energy crop for the Czech Republic. The suitable processing technology is harvest by the harvesting cutter with subsequent short-time storage and post-drying of chopped material in the large-capacity hayloft. For chopped sorrel were found-out hydraulic air losses during its passing through the stored layer and they were compared with values for stored forage. Two methods of drying ventilators controlling in the large-capacity heyloft were compared with the regime of time switching within chopped sorrel drying. Electric energy comsumption for ventilators drive in different regimes depends on water content in the material. Method of ventilators or time switching controlling has no effect on drying process result, thus even on water content reduction in the dried material. Under operational conditions the possibility of the chopped energy sorrel in large-capacity heyloft was verified. Keywords: pressure drops, large-capacity hayloft, chopped energetic straw, energy sorrel Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 15-22 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4921-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4921-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4921-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Fryč Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Forestry and Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Kukla Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Forestry and Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Los Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Forestry and Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Possible use of vacuum controlled pulsators for sheep milking machines Abstract: Comparison measurements and evaluation of the suitability of three pulsators for sheep milking machines were carried out, i.e. a prototype made by the manufacturer of the milking parlour of the pulsator ratio 50% (50:50) and two hydraulic pulsators of the Danish manufacturer S.A. Christensen (SAC), models Unipuls-2 of the pulsator ratios 50% (50:50) and 60% (60:40). The specified pulsation rate was 2.5/s(150/min). It was found that the pulsator prototype made by the milking parlour manufacturer slowly passed air, whereby the vacuum in pulsation chambers did not attain the maximum value. Fig. 2 illustrates the operation of this pulsator. Both SAC pulsators had better parameters and their pulsograms are plotted in Figs. 3 and 4. Also the measurements of a liner deformation in dependence on the vacuum in the teatcup pulsation chamber were made based on which the moment of a real liner opening, i.e. at the vacuum of 35 kPa was determined. The results obtained by the experiments carried out can be summed up as follows: As the change in pulsation rate does not affect the time of transition phases "a" and "c", the intervals "b" and "d" are shorter if the pulsation rate is increased. Interval "b", i.e. a full liner opening, shortens with the rising rate and extends with the increased value of the pulsator ratio. For this reason higher pulsator ratios should be used at very high pulsation rates. The teatcup operation depends on the physical-mechanical properties of the liner used. On the milking unit measured considerable differences in time take place between the interval "b" and the liner full opening due to a relatively high resistance power of the liner to deformation. The pulsator prototype designed by the milking parlour producer revealed as fully unsuitable based on its pulsogram. As far as the time of the liner opening is concerned, its parameters were worse than on both SAC pulsators, however, we cannot indicate it as unsuitable. Keywords: milking machine, sheep milking, pulsator, pulsation rate, pulsator ratio Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 23-27 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4922-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4922-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4922-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Krejzek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Heneman Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mareček Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Technical analysis of a back supply of heated rendering-plant fat the disc drier Abstract: The fulfilment of the subject of the Act No. 76/2002 Dig. on integrated prevention reduces energy consumption and increases hygienic safety of a thermal treatment of animal tissues at veterinary decontamination institutes. By making use of a back supply of heated rendering-plant fat to the continuous disc drier KDS 250 the so-called fritting effect is induced speeding up the evaporation of residual water and reducing the redrying time of the meat and bone paste. An analysis proved a reduced consumption of specific energy, whereby the demand for the best available technique (BAT) is met. Keywords: Act on Integrated Prevention, best available techniques (BAT), veterinary decontamination institutes (VAÚ), meat and bone paste, meat and bone meal (MKM), rendering-plant fat, continuous disc drier Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 28-30 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4923-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4923-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4923-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Jalovecký Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mareček Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of the best available technique indicators for processing animal tissues Abstract: A method comparing the technologies used in the industry processing animal tissues with the best available techniques (BAT) based on the principle of an integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) is suggested. The method compares individual mutually comparable BAT indicators expressed by quantities indicating the standard of the method compared in relation to BAT. The method can be applied to compare the environmental standard of the equipment to which the Act No. 76/2002 Dig. of the relevant production branch relates. Keywords: IPPC, BAT, rendering plant, environmental standard Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 31-33 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4924-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4924-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4924-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Havrland Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Background information for the agricultural technology management program (Atmp) Agro-expert Abstract: Economic efficiency in farming is achieved as a result of manager's skills and proper technologic equipment available on the farm suitable for carrying out husbandry operations. Applying skilled management to the whole business of farming is of an extraordinary importance, too. The manager should be equipped with more or less sophisticated software that would make his decision making process more professional and adequate to (generaly) production conditions. Such software (program) will allow proving his technological conception by economic calculations and proper tests. An Agricultural Technology Management Program AGRO-EXPERT has been conceived and is discussed in this paper. The authors analyze situation in appearance of such programs and conditions/information necessary for their correct (adequate) functions. Keywords: Agricultural Technology Management Program, sustainable agriculture, subsistence farming, hand-tool technology, animal drought technology Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 342-40 Volume: 50 Issue: 1 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4925-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4925-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200401-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:50:y:2004:i:1:id:4925-RAE