Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Zemek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mareček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Possibility of reduction of ammonia emissions from manure storage piles Abstract: According to the Gothenburg Protocol to abate acidification, eutrophication and ground-level ozone ammonia emissions need to be reduced by 40% in manure storage systems. An abatement of ammonia emissions, suggested in this paper, is based on application of the biotechnological agent Amalgerol. Ammonia emissions from farmyard manure storage piles from broiler and pig breeding were compared in order to verify the reducing potential of the applied biotechnological agent. The experiments carried out under operating conditions proved a positive influence of biotechnological agents on ammonia emissions reduction - decrease in the emissions from the broiler storage pile represented 41.16% and from the pig storage pile 35.85%, both in comparison with reference storage piles. Keywords: ammonia emissions, biotechnological agents, emissions abatement, manure storage Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 105-111 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4911-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4911-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4911-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pecen Author-Workplace-Name: Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Zabloudilová Author-Workplace-Name: Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The comparison of two types sensors for ammonia emission continual measurement Abstract: Measurement of the ammonia emissions by two different types of sensors (PHOTO ACOUSTICS analyzer INNOVA and SOLID STATE sensor SP-53) was carried out in laboratory with one material of litter, wood-shavings (with dry or wet material). The initial ammonia concentration and humidity of material were changed. The output data of these sensors were continually saved a processed. A small difference was found out between the output data of these sensors. The difference depends not only on ammonia concentration and humidity of material but also on the duration time from the beginning of measurement. All experiments of ammonia concentration were carried out with three initial values of humidity and ammonia concentrations within used material. The decrease of ammonia concentration (its velocity) in investigated material has been measured with laboratory device and registered for twelve or more hours during each experiment. Keywords: ammonia emissions, solid state sensor, litter, wood-shavings Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 112-118 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4912-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4912-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4912-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Hůla Author-Workplace-Name: Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Šindelář Author-Workplace-Name: Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kovaříček Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Operational effects of implements on crop residues in soil tillage operations Abstract: After spring barley harvest the operational effects of tillers and seed drill on spring barley residues were evaluated in two variants of cultural operations. Generally low values of soil surface coverage by crop residues after cultural operations were performed document that soil tillage and sowing did not comply with the criteria for conservation technologies - the coverage of soil surface by crop residues was lower by 30% after all cultural operations. After silage maize harvest we determined the weight of maize crop residues and coverage of soil surface by these residues after shallow tillage by a disk tiller when nine variants of the operating mode of the tiller were used. Obviously, the change in the operating mode of the tiller was able to influence the coverage of soil surface by maize residues. The evaluation of the operational effects of disc tiller on crop residues indicated some restraints of the use of this group of implements for conservation (erosion-control) technologies of soil tillage. Keywords: soil tillage, crop residues, quality of tiller operation Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 119-124 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4913-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4913-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4913-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Harašta Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Application Technique, State Phytosanitary Administration, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The possibilities of droplet spectrum regulation at application of plant protection products Abstract: Verification of the possibilities of a droplet spectrum regulation due to the change of working pressure, as well as the change of the size of the discharge orifice of a nozzle, was undertaken in laboratory conditions by measurement of the size of a droplet spectrum of the applied liquid. Selected types of low drift nozzles - Albuz AVI 025, Lechler ID 120, Lechler IDK 120-05, Lechler IDN 120-025, TurboDrop 03, Hardi INJET 02, Hardi B JET 02, Hardi LD 02and a flat fan nozzle Hardi ISO F 02-110 - underwent the measurement. The measurement of droplet spectrum was carried out at the nozzle's working height of 500 mm, and at working pressures of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 MPa. A laser measure equipment was used to measure the droplet spectrum of liquid. Keywords: low-drift nozzle, droplet spectrum, working pressure Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 125-133 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4914-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4914-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4914-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Jílek Author-Workplace-Name: Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Podpěra Author-Workplace-Name: Anser, s. r. o., Prague, Czech Republic Title: The effect of the land shape on the energy intensity of operation steps Abstract: The goal of the work is to find and describe the effect of the shape and size of the land on the energy intensity of an agricultural operation. This effect is expressed by means of coefficient KS that is determined by a theoretical calculation; the correctness of the algorithm is confirmed by coefficient KSP determined by a field-laboratory measurement. Both coefficients are determined for seven different lands and the results are compared mutually. The results are also indicated for the calculation of fuel consumption and machine performance with respect to the land size and shape. With the help of these relations, a graph was set up for the dependence of the performance (ha/h) and consumption (l/ha), (l/h) on the KS coefficient during ploughing. Keywords: energy intensity, fuel consumption, land size, land shape Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 134-139 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4915-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4915-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4915-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Tkáč Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Jablonický Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Abrahám Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Klusa Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Measurement of pressure in hydraulics system of the ZTS 160 45 tractor Abstract: This contribution is oriented on the field of dynamic loading analysis of three-point hitch of tractor hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump is placed in circuit of three-point hitch of the tractor ZTS 160 45. Obtained data from operation experiments will be applied for simulation of dynamic loading of the tested hydraulic pump. The measurements were realized during position control with ploughing sets: tractor ZTS 160 45 + plough 5-PN-30 and tractor ZTS 160 45 + plough 7-PHX-35. During the test physical and mechanical properties of soil and operating parameters of ploughing sets were investigated. Pressures of hydraulic system were in range from 3.2 to 7 MPa at aggregation with plough 5-PN-30 and hydraulic pump was loaded. Pressures of hydraulic system during ploughing with ploughing set tractor ZTS 160 45 + plough 7-PHX-35 were in range from 1.8 to 14 MPa and two times hydraulic pump was unloading in time 2 seconds. Keywords: tractor, ploughing set, pressure, hydraulic pump, three-point hitech Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 140-144 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4916-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4916-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4916-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Herák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanics and Engineering, Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Chotěborský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Engineering Technologies, Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Müller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Engineering Technologies, Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Hrabě Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Engineering Technologies, Technical Faculty, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Bonded wooden balks Abstract: The paper describes the basic type models of wooden balk structures, their use and typical dimensions of balks. Further the calculation of bonded wooden balks is described. The paper also contains the summary of basic type models with bonded wooden balks. Finally the orientation values for the design of construction elements are described. Keywords: force diagram, balks, metal fittings, bonded joints, wooden structure Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 145-151 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4917-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4917-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-200504-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:4917-RAE