Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Hutla Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Petráčková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kára Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Experimental model of ammonia elimination by ozone in the air Abstract: Experimental device was created to model stable atmosphere. The device consists of the glass vessel filled with air. Volume of the vessel is 30 litres. The ammonia concentration is similar to stable air. Amount of ozone in 2.4 mg was added and subsequently weight loss of ammonia was measured. Measurements were performed at different temperatures (20°C, 45°C) and different air humidity. The observed ratio of reacting ozone and ammonia is 5.2:1. It was also found, that this ratio is practically independent of temperature and relative humidity that occur in a stable environment. The results are the basis for the design of ozone air purification technology. Keywords: stable atmosphere, air purification technology, animal stables, air purification by ozone Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 39-45 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/54/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/54/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:54-2012-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Valášek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Brožek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Degradation of polymer particle systems in agrocomplex Abstract: One of the possibilities of recycling waste from blasting processes is the application of these secondary materials in polymeric matrix, where the primary material is replaced with the secondary one. By this quite specific recycling process a new material arises - polymeric particle composite. It is a case of two phase system, properties of which are defined by the mutual interaction of single components. One of the possible applications of these systems is agrocomplex. Systems used in agrocomplex environment can be subjected to specific influences, which change their mechanical properties in some time - degradation occurs. This contribution occupies with degradation processes of polymeric particle composites on the basis of waste-corundum after exposure to chosen degradation media, which are typical for agrocomplex environment. Changes of hardness, abrasive wear resistance and tensile strength in dependence on exposure time were tested. Keywords: abrasive wear, hardness, polymeric particle composites, tensile strength Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 46-50 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/12/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/12/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:12-2012-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Prošková Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Kopicová Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Škarková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of three methods for rendering plant fat transesterification Abstract: Three most frequently used methods for fat transesterification were compared using rendering plant fat (RPF) as model. Acid-catalysed transesterification was found to be the most effective (conversion 90%) at optimum conditions (fat: methanol ratio 1:10, sulphuric acid amount of 2% v/v, temperature 95°C). Base-catalysed transesterification of RPF on the other hand, results in much lower conversion (45%) at optimum conditions (fat:methanol ratio 1:20, NaOH amount 8% w/v, optimum temperature 95°C). The difference is done (among others) by the fact that RPF has high concentration of free acid (high acidity number) compared with the fats usually used for transesterification and that free acids are not esterified in alkaline media. Enzyme-(lipase) catalysed reaction could lead to partial esterification of free fatty acids, but with much lower reaction velocity. This fact leads to higher conversion in the case of enzyme-catalysed transesterification of RPF compared with base-catalysed reaction; nevertheless, even in this case the conversion is much lower in comparison with acid-catalysed reaction. The optimum conversion in enzyme-catalysed reaction was 55%. Keywords: biofuel, biodiesel, animal waste fat, esterification, methanol Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 51-55 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/19/2011-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2011-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:19-2011-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Findura Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Machines and Production Systems, Faculty of Machanical Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Turan Author-Workplace-Name: Departnent of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: J. Jobbágy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Machines and Production Systems, Faculty of Machanical Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Angelovič Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Machines and Production Systems, Faculty of Machanical Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: O. Ponjican Author-Workplace-Name: Departnent of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia Title: Evaluation of work quality of the green peas harvester Ploeger EPD 490 Abstract: Machines for harvesting vegetable must reliably collect the given type of vegetables at various climatic conditions, and with adequate performance, quality and low losses. Machines for harvesting of green peas must be sufficiently reliable and handling must be simple. The criteria of their work are based on harvested product quality, and the size of losses incurred depends on the rate of release of pods from the plants and on the release of grains from pods. The size of loss of grain and pods in the field and grain damages in the storage tank is directly proportional to the appropriately selected operating mode of the machine. Resistance to the damage of grain can be partly affected by selecting varieties with appropriate physical and mechanical properties and by choosing appropriate operating speed of the collector of green peas. Experimental measurements were carried out in the cooperative farm Zemné, Slovak Republic, within a conventional tillage technology, which has suitable conditions for the cultivation of this commodity. The subject of research was green peas Ploeger EPD 490. Keywords: Pisum sativum L., quality of the harvest, damage of grain, seed properties Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 56-60 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/5/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:5-2012-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Viňáš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technology and Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Brezinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technology and Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Guzanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technology and Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Kotus Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Quality and Engineering Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Application of hard surfacing for repairing of agricultural parts Abstract: The contribution deals with the analysis of claddings quality realised by shielded metal arc welding with covered electrodes. For cladding, covered basic electrodes marked as E Z Fe 8 EN 14700 and E Z Fe 15 EN 14700 were used. The third type of electrode was experimentally made basic electrode with operating name EW11 (wolfram content 11%). New share made of C50R EN10083/1-98 was used as reference material. Quality of repairing deposits was evaluated by micro hardness measuring and by metallographic analysis of claddings and base material. Wear resistance of claddings was determined by weight loss during abrasive wear test by wading in following loose abrasive agents - Al2O3 (corundum), crushed rock and arable soil. Keywords: repairing, cladding, share, abrasive wear Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 61-67 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/4/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:4-2012-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Junga Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Vítěz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Mach Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Trávníček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Analysis of the model application of mechanical equipment for hydrothermal treatment Abstract: Two model applications of mechanical equipment for hydrothermal treatment were analysed. Alternative 1 consisted of a treatment output of 2,000 Mg of processed material, the annual compost production of 1,000 Mg, total capital expenditure of 15,838,000 CZK, unit capital expenditure of 7,919 CZK per 1 Mg of processed material and annual operating expenses of 1,300,000 CZK. The net present value (NPV) is 1,482,800 CZK, the internal rate or return (IRR) totals 7.6% and the discounted payback time (Tsd) is 16.9 years. Alternative 2 employing the mechanical equipment proved a potential increase in the treatment output to 2,600 Mg, and an increase in the compost production to 1,300 Mg thanks to the shortened intensification of composting. At the same time, the total capital expenditure rose to 18,997,000 CZK, the operating expenses rose to 2,080,000 CZK. The unit capital expenditure of alternative 2 amounts to 7,306 CZK per 1 Mg of the treatment output. The NPV totals 6,984,200 CZK, IRR is at 10.7% and Tsd totals 11.8 years. Keywords: composting, thermal hydrolysis, technological equipment, biodegradable waste Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 68-73 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/3/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:3-2012-RAE