Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: List of Reviewers 2014 Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: I Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8071-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8071-RAE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:8071-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.N. Siregar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Author-Name: J.A. Ghani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Author-Name: C.H.C. Haron Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Author-Name: M. Rizal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Author-Name: Z. Yaakob Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Author-Name: S.K. Kamarudin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Kebangsaan University, Bangi, Malaysia Title: Comparison of oil press for jatropha oil - a review Abstract: As petrol will soon be exhausted in the near future, Jatropha is going to be one of the substitute candidates for future biodiesel production. Countries of South-East Asia, such as Malaysia, they are going to start the establishment of Jatropha plantations assuming that Jatropha will be the main resource for biodiesel production. A press is commonly used to extract oils from Jatropha. An oil press can be manually driven or engine-powered. In this paper, we will review some available advances focused on mechanical extraction techniques, covering three types of press for Jatropha oil extraction. We have found that major points like operating principles, oil extraction levels, advantages and disadvantages of each press and important factors to increase oil recovery. Based on the study, three types of press are: ram press, which is ineffective; strainer press, which is able to produce more oil than others and cylinder-hole press, which is the best due to its capacity in extracting oil from Jatropha seeds for about 89.4% of oil yields. Keywords: ram press, strainer press, cylinder-hole press Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 1-13 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/22/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:22-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Müller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Novák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Researches of liquid contaminants influence on change of hardness of agricultural tyre tread Abstract: Tyres represent the only element which connects a vehicle with a roadway and they are one of the most important parts of the vehicle. Investigated samples from chosen agricultural tyres were placed into a degradation medium. Degradation media were chosen on the basis of their supposed application; the second criterion of the choice was operating liquids used in machines. A primary aim was defining a change of hardness of these samples; the second-rate aim was observing changes of a tyre weight. The aim of the research is an evaluation of the hardness change in surface layers of a tread depending on specific degradation environments to which the tyre is potentially exposed. The highest influence on the hardness was proved in the case of diesel oil and engine oil. Any essential influence of NPK fertilizer solution was not proved. The effect of water and a solution of NaCl on the hardness change was minimal. Keywords: degradation, hardness Shore A, tread Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 14-20 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/66/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/66/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:66-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Malaťák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Dlabaja Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Hydrothermal carbonization of stabilized sludge and meat and bone meal Abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization is one of suitable methods for energy recovery of sewage sludge and meat and bone meal. The task of the article is to determine appropriate hydrothermal carbonization process conditions and their impact on the quality of the final product - so called biochar or hydrochar. Parameters of the two main phases - initiation and polymerization - were monitored. The basic fuel properties of the final solid products of hydrothermal carbonization were determined. To produce biochar by hydrothermal carbonization, multifunctional pressure vessel with accessories was used - a batch reactor BR-300. Process parameters of hydrothermal carbonization confirm the effect of increasing temperature to increase the lower heating value (LHV). Neither calorific values of meat and bone meal (17.22 MJ/kg), nor calorific values of digested stabilized sludge (12.14 MJ/kg) showed a significant increase after undergoing processing. The effect of reaction temperature on the LHV of the final product is significantly higher than that of residence time. The results show that the main factor affecting LHV of the fuel sample is the final amount of ash. Unlike the meat and bone the hydrothermal carbonization of the stabilized wastewater sludge is one of the effective processing methods for subsequent energy use. Keywords: biochar, hydrochar, wet pyrolysis, biomass, heating value, stoichiometry Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 21-28 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/59/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/59/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:59-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Bodnár Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanics and Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Manufacturing Technologies, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Minárik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanics and Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Manufacturing Technologies, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Coniform-shape tool for splitting of wooden logs Abstract: The article deals with design of a coniform tool with rotary motion for splitting of logs. The tool is proposed using a fracture mechanics theory. The approach of energy balance during crack growth in a split wood log is applied for construction design of the shape of the splitting tool. The proposal of the tool shape is based on the experimental fracture methods. The only used criteria it is the demand of the minimum quantity of the consumed energy. Keywords: fracture mechanics, wedge splitting test, fracture energy Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 29-34 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/47/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/47/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:47-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O.B. Oduntan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria Author-Name: O.A. Koya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria Title: Effect of speed, die sizes and moisture contents on durability of cassava pellet in pelletizer Abstract: The effect of pre-processing conditions such as speed, die sizes and moisture content on durability of cassava flour was investigated. Densification of cassava flour was done by pelletizing the flour through die and it is necessary to determine optimum conditions for designing and constructing a suitable processing plant. The flour was mixed with water at different blend ratios to form cassava mash of different moisture contents. The pellet quality was evaluated in terms of the durability of the pellets against the moisture content of the mash (18, 20 and 22% w.b.), die size (4, 6 and 8 mm) and the screw speed (90, 100 and 120 rpm). Test results showed that maximum durability of 84.437% was recorded at 20% (w.b.) moisture content using 4 mm die and low durability of 61.26% with using 8 mm die at 18% (w.b.) moisture content. The durability result shows that it decreased with increase in die size. Statistical analysis revealed that the die size had significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on the durability. Keywords: cassava, pre-processing, densification, mash, screw speed Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 35-39 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/9/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:9-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Valášek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kejval Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Müller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Cieslar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of two-body abrasion and heat intensity on metal and non-metal materials used in agriculture Abstract: In the agro-complex, as well as in other sectors, the use of polymeric materials is one possible way forward in the innovation and development of machines and their parts. However, machine products place high demands on the materials from which they are made. Polymeric materials are currently able to compete in certain areas where metallic material would traditionally be used; however, one of their limiting characteristic is their ability to withstand elevated temperatures. This paper describes the hardness of polymeric materials when influenced by heat, generated during the double body abrasion. The paper also describes the abrasive wear of both polymers and polymeric composite systems, as well as cast iron, used in agricultural production. Heat intensity during the two-body abrasion results in a 28% fall of the composite systems hardness, to 18% fall of the Polyamid 6 hardness and to 13% fall of the Murtfeld hardness. Keywords: abrasive wear, composite systems, epoxy resin, polymers, temperature Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 40-46 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/11/2013-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11/2013-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:11-2013-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G.V. Prasanna Kumar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Triguna Sen School of Technology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India Title: Geometric performance parameters of three-point hitch linkage system of a 2WD Indian tractor Abstract: Geometric performance parameters of three-point hitch system of a most sold model of a 2-wheel drive Indian tractor were determined by generating the path of upper and lower hitch points by kinematic linkage analysis. At various locations of pivot point of upper link and adjustments in the length of lift rods, hitch linkage system of the tractor fulfilled all the requirements specified by the standards for category-I and II hitches. An insight into the kinematic linkage analysis revealed that the hitch linkage of the selected tractor is the most suitable for operations with soil working implements. Attachment of upper link to the topmost pivot point reduced the change in orientation of implement during lifting and ensured better weight transfer from implement to the rear axle of tractor. The kinematic linkage analysis has the potential to identify the best settings of the hitch linkage system for the effective utilization of tractor power during various farm operations. Keywords: kinematic linkage analysis, Newton-Raphson solution, virtual hitch point, vertical convergence distance, mechanical advantage Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 47-53 Volume: 61 Issue: 1 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/79/2012-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/79/2012-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201501-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:61:y:2015:i:1:id:79-2012-RAE