Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Bradna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Malaťák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Flue gases thermal emission concentration during waste biomass combustion in small combustion device with manual fuel supply Abstract: he aim of the experiments is determination of emission concentrations in the observed substances produced in exhaust gas during combustion of various mixtures of waste biomass compacted samples. The samples were pressed into the form of briquettes with a diameter of 65 mm. During the actual measurements the following parameters were monitored: emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and flue gas temperature depending on the excess air coefficient. Measurements of emission parameters were carried out in storage heater fireplace with nominal heat output of 8 kW. During the measurements high concentrations of carbon monoxide in excess of the value of 5,000 mg/m3 were determined, especially in the samples of waste from corn cleaning and wheat straw. The results show an excess air factor optimum adjustment on value 3, where the combustion device achieves optimum parameters of CO and NOx emissions. The results of emission measurements confirmed that the excess air is a very important operating variable which affects both monitored emissions concentrations and the combustion temperature in the fireplace. Keywords: wheat straw, wood chips, molasses, beet chips, sludge, carbon and nitrogen oxides, flue gas temperature Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 1-8 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/36/2014-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/36/2014-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201601-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:62:y:2016:i:1:id:36-2014-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.A. Lawal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria Author-Name: A.U. Dzivama Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria Author-Name: M.K. Wasinda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria Title: Effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production of sheep paunch manure Abstract: Sheep paunch manure was anaerobically digested to study the effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on biogas production rates and accumulation. Inoculum to substrate ratios of 1.37, 2.05 and 4.1 were digested in biodigesters labelled R1, R2 and R3 respectively. Results showed that inoculum to substrate ratio had a significant effect on biogas production rates and accumulation. Biogas production rates increased to peak in the order of R3 (0.30526 Nm3/kg volatile solids (VS) days), R2 (0.15308 Nm3/kg VS d) and R1 (0.11009 Nm3/kg VS d) on the 5th day. The biogas production accumulation increased from 0.57195 to 1.46784 Nm3/kg VS as the inoculum to substrate ratio increased. The result of regression showed that coefficient of determination values for the linear equation ranged from 0.707 to 0.797, while the exponential equation had higher values that ranged from 0.7718 to 0.9929 showing better simulation. The modified Gompertz equation showed better simulation of the biogas production accumulation than the first order kinetic equation due to its higher coefficient of determination values. Keywords: volatile solids, biogas production rate, biogas accumulation, modified Gompertz, first order kinetic, simulation Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 8-14 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/30/2014-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/30/2014-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201601-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:62:y:2016:i:1:id:30-2014-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Samimi. Akhijani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrotechnology, University of Tehran, College of Abouraihan, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: A. Arabhosseini Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrotechnology, University of Tehran, College of Abouraihan, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: M.H. Kianmehr Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrotechnology, University of Tehran, College of Abouraihan, Tehran, Iran Title: Effective moisture diffusivity during hot air solar drying of tomato slices Abstract: Mathematical modelling and effective moisture diffusivity of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) was studied during hot air solar drying. An experimental solar dryer with a swivel collector was used for experiments. The collector followed the solar radiation using a precious sensor. Drying experiments were performed in a thin layer hot air drying at slice thicknesses of 3, 5 and 7 mm and air velocities of 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s. The experimental data were fitted to different mathematical moisture ratio models and the Page model was selected as the best model according to correlation coefficient R2, chi-square χ2 and root mean square error (RMSE) parameters. The maximum values of moisture diffusivity was 6.98 × 10-9 m2/s at air velocity of 2 m/s and slice thickness of 7 mm while the minimum value of the moisture diffusivity was 1.58 × 10-9 m2/s at air velocity of 0.5 m/s and slice thickness of 3 mm. Keywords: falling rate period, Fick's second law, mathematical models, solar dryer, swivel collector Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 15-23 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/33/2014-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2014-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201601-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:62:y:2016:i:1:id:33-2014-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ľ. Hujo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Tkáč Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Tulík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Kosiba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Uhrinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Jánošová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Monitoring of operation loading of three-point linkage during ploughing Abstract: The research was focused on operational measurements of tractor plough tools and their subsequent utilisation and simulation under laboratory conditions by a hydrostatic simulator. In this field, theoretical and experimental works were focused on tractors, whereby the proposal of laboratory test arose out of the loading characteristics of the three-point linkage of the tractor. These characteristics were obtained from the agricultural tractor's operation in plough aggregation. Measurements were performed with the following tools: tractor with carrier-mounted four-mouldboard plough PH1-435 and tractor with Kuhn plough manufactured by. The subject of these measurements was to obtain the time courses of forces and pressures in the hydraulic system of the three-point linkage during ploughing with carrier-mounted and semi-mounted ploughs. For objective comparison of the obtained results during experimental measurements, we determined the characteristics of measurement conditions focused on physical and mechanical properties of the soil - bulk density, moisture, penetrometer resistance and slide strength of the soil. Keywords: tractor, plough, soil properties Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 24-29 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/10/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/10/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201601-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:62:y:2016:i:1:id:10-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Bulgakov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanics and Resistance Materials, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine Author-Name: V. Melnik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Optimization of Technical Systems, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture, Kharkiv, Ukraine Author-Name: A.F.M.A. Mohammed Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Optimization of Technical Systems, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture, Kharkiv, Ukraine Author-Name: M. Korenko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Quality and Engineering Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K. Kollárová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Science and Research, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Methodology of processing the results of field experiment monitoring of the technological procedure of sowing Abstract: The non-uniformity of distribution of seeds sown in a row influences their productivity. To analyse and eliminate the causes of non-uniformities, the straight motion of coulters must be separated from generation of causes, i.e. the deviation of seeds from an ideal position on the coulter trajectory. A partial acceleration method can be effectively used to recover the coulter trajectory. It is based on the study of machine parts dynamics by measuring the three-dimensional projection of acceleration and its characteristic points. Fourier methods are used for approximation or interpolation of experimental data. The trajectory of a point is obtained by double integration of a Fourier series. Noise generation in acceleration measurement can be solved by smoothing with reasonable intensity. Also double integration leads to smoothing, the variability of the number of points participates in assessing the degree of harmonic distortion of reconstructed trajectory, based on which the required smoothing limit can be set. The method may be used for monitoring the farm machines dynamics based on the partial acceleration method. Keywords: coulter trajectory, acceleration, amplitude, curve, Fourier transform Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 30-36 Volume: 62 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/8/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201601-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:62:y:2016:i:1:id:8-2015-RAE