Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juraj Tulík Author-Name: Ľubomir Hujo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jan Kosiba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Juraj Jablonický Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Michela Jánošová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Evaluation of new biodegradable fluid on the basis of accelerated durability test, FTIR and ICP spectroscopy Abstract: The paper deals with the properties of newly developed synthetic biodegradable fluid in terms of its operational and physico-chemical properties. The evaluated fluid is a new biodegradable fluid MOL Farm UTTO Synt, which belongs to the group of universal gear-hydraulic fluids. At the beginning, the fluid was subjected to accelerated durability test under laboratory conditions, with monitoring its impact on technical conditions of the used hydraulic pump UD 25. After that, the FTIR spectroscopy analysis was performed, with monitoring thermal oxidation, oxidation by acid products, water content and additives depletion. Depletion of additives was also monitored by the ICP spectroscopy. Based on these results, it can be stated that the newly developed fluid has good operational and physico-chemical properties after the durability test and is suitable for further testing under operational conditions without a risk of damaging agricultural machines. Keywords: ew gear-hydraulic fluid, hydrostatic pump, aditives, physico-chemical properties Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 1-9 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/6/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:6-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Libra Author-Name: Vladislav Poulek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Kouřím Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Temperature changes of I-V characteristics of photovoltaic cells as a consequence of the Fermi energy level shift Abstract: Current voltage (I-V) characteristic of illuminated photovoltaic (PV) cell varies with temperature changes. The effect is explained according to the solid state theory. The higher the temperature, the lower the open-circuit voltage and the higher the short-circuit current. This behaviour is explained on the basis of band theory of the solid state physics. The increasing temperature causes a narrowing of the forbidden gap and a shift of the Fermi energy level toward the centre of the forbidden gap. Both these effects lead to a reduction of the potential barrier in the band diagram of the illuminated PN junction, and thus to a decrease of the photovoltaic voltage. In addition, narrowing of the forbidden gap causes higher generation of electron-hole pairs in the illuminated PN junction and short-circuit current increases. Keywords: PV cell, energy band structure, PN junction, semiconductor diode, I-V characteristics Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 10-15 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/38/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/38/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:38-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Malaťák Author-Name: Jiří Bradna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Heating and emission properties of waste biomass in burner furnace Abstract: Utilization of waste suitable as a fuel for small combustion devices is a very important issue. Therefore, this article analyzes selected waste materials from agriculture and maintenance of municipal vegetation. The pellet samples from composting had very high ash content (22.39 and 36.85% wt.), which resulted in low values of net calorific value (12.66 and 10.24 MJ/kg), but also in bad properties of these samples in high concentration of harmful emission. Other problematic fuel samples were pellets from maintenance of city vegetation and reed canary grass, for which high concentration of carbon monoxide was measured during combustion process. The device used for these experiments is based on burner furnace. Combustion conditions could be improved by more uniform fuel supply to the burner and better control of combustion air. Boiler with advanced combustion control can reach better results during combustion process. Results in this article are valid for tested materials combusted in simple pellet burner with limited ability to control combustion process. Keywords: pellets, wheat straw, compost, elemental analysis, stoichiometry, carbon monoxide Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 16-22 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/75/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/75/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:75-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nisanath Kaewwinud Author-Name: Porntep Khokhajaikiat Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Author-Name: Apichart Boonma Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Title: Effect of moisture and region of cut on cassava stalk properties in biomass applications Abstract: In an attempt to investigate the potential of using cassava stalk as a biomass material and determine the design requirements for developing a cutting machine, this study aims to investigate physical and mechanical properties of cassavas stalk, under the influence of moisture content and region of cut using statistical techniques. Moisture contents were ranged into three different levels; 54.19, 43.05 and 24.93% wet basis (w.b.) while cutting regions were classified as top (tip of cassava stalk), middle and bottom. Mechanical properties were represented by shearing stress. Physical properties, on the other hand, were represented by length, diameter, and mass. By decreasing moisture levels, all parameter values were reduced, except shearing stress. Moreover, it was found that shearing stress increased when lowering the cutting line. Maximum and minimum shearing stress occurred at bottom and top regions of the stalk, respectively. Most importantly, moisture content and region of cut both had a significant influence (P < 0.05) on shearing stress, although the latter had much larger impact. Keywords: cassava, property, moisture, residue, biomass Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 23-28 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/70/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/70/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:70-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ademola Ajayi-Banji Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Author-Name: Ayo Ogunlela Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Author-Name: Gbolabo Ogunwande Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria Title: Investigation of locust bean husk char adsorbability in heavy metal removal Abstract: he column adsorption study examines irrigation water treatment prior to its application in order to ensure water-crop-consumer heavy metal transfer reduction to the safe level using locust bean husk char (LBHC) as biosorbent. Char structural pattern was investigated with SEM-EDX machine. Contaminated surface water was introduced simultaneously into the bioreactors containing 100 and 200 g of LBHC and collected after 30, 60, 90 120 and 150 min of detention time. Removal efficiency, isotherm and kinetic sorption model were the evaluation tools for the study. Percent of Cr, Cd and As removal at 150 min retention time were 83.33, 100 and 100%, respectively for 100 g biosorbents. A similar trend was observed for Cr and As removal at the same retention time for 200 g of LBHC. Metals sorption conforms to the Freundlich isotherm with correlation coefficient values greater than 0.92. Experimental kinetics had a good fit for pseudo second order (R2 > 0.94 for most cases). Removal efficiency is a function of contact time, biosorbent dosage and metal concerned. Locust bean husk char has good and effective treatability for some heavy metals in mildly polluted water. Keywords: locust bean husk char, biosorption, heavy metal, removal efficiency, isotherm, kinetic sorption Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 29-35 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/44/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/44/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:44-2015-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miroslav Müller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic Title: Analysis of production parameters of single-lap bonds adhesive bonded with composites based on aluminium filler Abstract: In the area of bonding of sheets of metals, mainly in construction of transport and agricultural machines, single-lap bonds are used. In manufacturing corporations focused on bonding of the metal sheets the technologies such as riveting, welding and adhesive bonding are particularly used. These methods are frequently combined. The aim of the research was the evaluation of lap length of alloy AlCu4Mg adhesively bonded using two component epoxy adhesive, which is commonly used in construction of machines and its modification based in addition of filler in form of aluminium microparticles. The secondary aim of the research was to ascertain the influence of microparticle volume of aluminium filler on mechanical properties of polymer particle composite. Strength of adhesively bonded joint depends on the thickness of the bonded material. Strength of the adhesively bonded joint is dependent on the lapping length of adhesively bonded material. The highest values of strength of adhesively bonded joint were reached with the coefficient of the proportional length 0.27 ± 0.01. The assumption about negative effect of filler on tensile strength during the experiments was not confirmed. Keywords: lCu4Mg, adhesive bond strength, lapping length, sheet of metal, particle reinforced composite, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 36-44 Volume: 63 Issue: 1 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/82/2015-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/82/2015-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-201701-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:63:y:2017:i:1:id:82-2015-RAE