Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ali Esehaghbeygi Author-Name: Milad Abedi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran Author-Name: Jalil Razavi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran Author-Name: Abbass Hemmat Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran Title: Field evaluation of a vibrating dual bent-share cultivator Abstract: In this research, the suitability of a vibrating dual bent-share cultivator was studied. Therefore, an eccentric pin-slider mechanism was designed to vibrate the two shanks laterally, using a tractor power take-off. The present study investigates the field performance of the vibrating dual bent-share cultivator with three different vibration frequencies (0, 0.88, and 2 Hz) in a clay loam soil at two working depths (100 and 200 mm) and having a water content of a 0.7 or 0.9 plastic limit. The lowest values of the draught, specific draught, and MWD were recorded at a vibration frequency of 2 Hz and a working depth of 100 mm. The draught force, specific draught, and MWD of the non-vibration implement were reduced by using a vibration frequency of 2 Hz. The coefficient of determination and F-values proved that the vibration frequency was more effective than the soil water content and the working depth on the draught, specific draught, and MWD. Although a dual bent-share cultivator needs low energy compared with a mould-board plough, the vibration of the dual bent-share cultivator may be recommended as an efficient energy-demanding implement in the soil manipulation process. Keywords: bentleg, oscillatory tillage, specific draught, soil loosening, vibration Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 123-130 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/49/2020-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2020-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-202004-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:49-2020-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Brunerová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Müller Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Gürkan Alp Kağan Gürdil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Machines and Technologies Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey Author-Name: Vladimír Šleger Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Milan Brožek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Material and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of a pelleted chicken litter organic fertiliser Abstract: Pelleted fertiliser production represents improvements in fertiliser management and ensures several benefits, such as a more accurate dosing (less applications), the slow-release of long-lasting nutrients, the possible application during the whole year, easier storage and transportation and better separation of fertilisers and pesticides. The present research investigated the physical-mechanical properties of a pelleted chicken litter organic fertiliser. The pellet samples' particle density ρ (kg.m-3), mechanical durability DU (%), compressive strengths in the cleft σc (N.mm-1) and in simple pressure σp (MPa) were investigated. The last two indicators, σc and σp, demonstrated the pellets' resistance to the compressive stress. The resulting values proved ρ = 1 289.73 kg.m-3, DU = 95.5%, σc = 58.61 N.mm-1 and σp = 20.02 MPa, while all the results were evaluated positively. The observed level of the DU (%) did not achieve the mandatory level for the commercial production of pellets (DU = 97.5%), however, such a level is stated for a pellet solid biofuel intended for energy production. Therefore, the achieved level of the DU (%) represents a satisfactory result within the investigated pellet samples' mechanical quality. In general, the viability and practicability of chicken litter pellet production was proven, as well as, the suitability of such a feedstock for pellet production. Moreover, the observed results proved a high level of the investigated pellet samples' mechanical quality. Keywords: compression force, densification process, sustainable technology, poultry manure, pellet strength Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 131-139 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/41/2020-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/41/2020-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-202004-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:41-2020-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Štekerová Author-Name: Martin Kotek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vehicles and Ground Transport, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Veronika Hartová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vehicles and Ground Transport, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of two electric vehicles in terms of real range in different types of operations Abstract: Electromobility is currently seen as an effective way to reduce the production of harmful emissions from the transport sector and, thus, prevent further environmental pollution and the associated global warming. The article is focused on the comparison of selected types of electric vehicles (EVs) in terms of real range in different types of operations and environments. Firstly, the driving characteristics and operating parameters of the selected EVs were tested in operation, under different conditions and in different geographical environments. The test drives took place on a pre-selected route, which was the same for all the EVs. The pre-selected operating parameters were measured and monitored for the subsequent comparison. Also, the specific conditions under which the test runs took place, such as the outside temperature, geographic terrain or traffic conditions along the route, were also monitored. Then, the obtained data were evaluated and conclusions were made. Keywords: electric vehicles, emission, test drives, electromobility, power consumption, electric tractor Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 140-145 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/60/2020-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/60/2020-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-202004-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:60-2020-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaldair Araújo e Nóbrega Author-Workplace-Name: Applied Optics Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Author-Name: André Luis dos Santos Hortelan Author-Workplace-Name: Applied Optics Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Author-Name: Carlos Henrique Portezani Author-Workplace-Name: Mato Grosso do Sul State University (UEMS), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Author-Name: Eriton Rodrigo Botero Author-Workplace-Name: Applied Optics Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Title: A study of nanomaterial transportation in the soil by finite difference approximations Abstract: Although there has been an increase in the production and use of nanomaterials; few studies have analysed their contact with the environment and the consequent effects on an ecosystem's health, ranging from the impact on the growth of organisms to the contamination of water reservoirs. This work proposes a tool to study the transportation of nanomaterials in the soil by the finite difference method, modelling the dispersion of nanomaterials into the soil layers to estimate the environmental impact. The model validation was conducted through numerical simulations of manganese and zinc in contact with a compacted latosol. The results show that the nanoparticle pollutants move slowly through the layers and the highest concentration is found close to the source. Also, the Mn nanoparticles are in higher concentration than Zinc nanoparticles as a function of depth in the soil layers. The method generates more accurate simulated results in less time and provides a low-cost prediction of the environmental impact. Furthermore, the estimated environmental impacts can be used as a first approximation for the mitigation of the degraded area. Keywords: transport computer simulation, latosol, environmental impact estimative, numerical solution Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 146-155 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/71/2019-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/71/2019-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-202004-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:71-2019-RAE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olga Panfilova Author-Name: Olga Kalinina Author-Workplace-Name: Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Zhilina, Russia Author-Name: Olga Golyaeva Author-Workplace-Name: Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Zhilina, Russia Author-Name: Sergey Knyazev Author-Workplace-Name: Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Zhilina, Russia Author-Name: Mikhail Tsoy Author-Workplace-Name: Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, Zhilina, Russia Title: Physical and mechanical properties of berries and biological features of red currant growth for mechanized harvesting Abstract: The physical and mechanical parameters of berries and the morphometric features of the structure of the bush growth habit are important criteria in predicting the use of berry harvesting equipment. In this research, six red currant cultivars have been studied. The berry separation force, the crushing force, and the strength of attachment of the berries to the stalk were assigned to the physical and mechanical parameters and were determined using the "PLODTEST-1" and "Dina-2" devices (Russia). For the optimal operation of the berry harvester, the crushing force of the berries must be more than 2 N, the berry separation force must be in the range of 0.5-1.5 N. A high correlation between the separation and crushing forces was determined (R = 0.71). During the period of technical maturity, the strength of the attachment of the berries in the raceme was more than 0.5 N and, by the end of maturation, this indicator decreased. Most of the studied cultivars have a compact, optimal bush volume. The red currant cultivars Niva, Asya and Vika are promising for mechanised harvesting. Keywords: cultivar, berry separation force, force of crushing, ratio of berry strength, bush growth habit Journal: Research in Agricultural Engineering Pages: 156-163 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/11/2020-RAE File-URL: http://rae.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11/2020-RAE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/rae-202004-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlrae:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:11-2020-RAE