Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan GREGAR Author-Name: Pavel KOVÁŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana BAČINOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tereza BAŽATOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of water regimes of two dump catchments in the Krušné hory Mts. (Czech Republic) in dry years using a hydrological balance Abstract: The dump catchments water regime optimization is one of fundamental recultivation operations in areas devastated after surface coal mining. Two dump catchments (at Radovesice and Loket in the Krušné hory Mts., Czech Republic) were selected to study whether their hydrological balance allows to keep life in them on a sufficiently natural level. The WBCM-6 water balance model was implemented. Different hydrological conditions of the mentioned dump catchments located ca. 90 km apart were compared. The Radovesice catchment lies in a precipitation shadow and suffers from a much greater precipitation deficiency than the Loket one. Its long-term annual precipitation deficit makes about 100 mm. Based on the analysis of the dry year 2003 growing season, biotechnical hydrological measures, in particular cascades of small reservoirs, were proposed. Keywords: biotechnical measures, landscape improvement, mining dump, water balance model Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 137-143 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/97/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/97/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:97-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mustafa BAŞARAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Author-Workplace-Name: Erciyes University Technology Transfer Office, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey; Author-Name: Oguzhan UZUN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Author-Workplace-Name: Erciyes University Technology Transfer Office, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey; Author-Name: Sema KAPLAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Author-Name: Fatih GÖRMEZ Author-Workplace-Name: General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: Gunay ERPUL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey$3 Title: Tillage-induced wind erosion in semi-arid fallow lands of Central Anatolia, Turkey Abstract: Wind erosion and resultant dust emissions create significant risks for land degradation and ecosystem health in arid and semi-arid regions. In these regions, fallowing constitutes a major component of conventional agriculture. The present study was conducted to determine wind erosion quantities and agricultural activity-induced mass transport from fallow lands and to assess the correlations of mass transport with climate and soil characteristics. Experiments were conducted over the fallow lands of two adjacent agricultural enterprises (Altinova and Gözlü, Turkey). Sediment flux was measured with passive traps in wet and dry seasons (QtWET and QtDRY). Mass transport in wet and dry seasons was respectively measured as 11.38 and 11.40 kg/ha in Altinova and as 31.61 and 19.71 kg/ha in Gözlü. Both the differences between mass transport of the enterprises and the differences between QtWET and QtDRY of each enterprise were found to be significant (P < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis for the correlations of mass transport with soil characteristics revealed significant correlations with electrical conductivity and soil lime content (r = 0.721 and -0.635) (P < 0.05). Total mass transport from the fallow lands of both enterprises throughout a 7-month period of measurement was estimated at 600 t. Based on current findings it was concluded that fallowing should be abandoned and sustainable soil and land management practices from conventional agriculture like minimum tillage or crop rotations should be introduced. Keywords: fallow, land use, mass transport, sediment flux Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 144-151 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/73/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:73-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Reinhard NOLZ Author-Name: Willibald LOISKANDL Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria Title: Evaluating soil water content data monitored at different locations in a vineyard with regard to irrigation control Abstract: Knowledge on the water content of a certain soil profile and its temporal changes due to rainfall and plant water uptake is a key issue for irrigation management. In this regard, sensors can be utilized to monitor soil water content (SWC). Due to the characteristic spatial variability of SWC, a key question is whether the measurements are representative and reliable. This study focused on the assessment of SWC and its variability in a vineyard with subsurface drip irrigation. SWC was measured in profiles down to a 50 cm depth by means of multi-sensor capacitance probes. The probes were installed at six locations along vine rows. A temporal stability analysis was performed to evaluate the representativeness and reliability of each monitoring profile with regard to irrigation control. Mean SWC was within a plausible range compared to unsaturated hydraulic parameters determined in a laboratory. The measurements revealed a considerable variability, but standard deviations were comparable to values from literature. The main finding was that some monitoring profiles (probes) proved to be more suitable to monitor SWC with respect to irrigation control than the others. Considering temporal stability provided helpful insights into the spatio-temporal variability of SWC measurements. However, not all questions that are related to the concept of temporal stability could be answered based on the given dataset. Keywords: capacitance sensors, spatio-temporal variability, subsurface drip irrigation, temporal stability Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 152-160 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/9/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:9-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Magdalena GUS Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: Marek DREWNIK Title: Evolution of sandy soils within deflation hollows in shifting areas of sand - a case study from the Błędów Desert (Poland) Abstract: Areas of shifting sand are important places for testing the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on soil morphology and evolution, where aeolian processes cause dynamic changes in the natural environment. The main aim of the study was to determine the evolution of soils within deflation hollows in shifting sands. In the context of this purpose, representative study areas were selected: (1) a reference surface in a plantation forest with soils undisturbed by aeolian processes - one pedon, (2) an active deflation hollow - two pedons, (3) a deflation hollow stabilized by reforestation (forest planting ca. 30 and ca. 100 years ago - two pedons). Soil morphology and micromorphology as well as several physical and chemical properties were analyzed. In a deflation hollow, the studied soils are found at various stages of development, mostly characterized by a relatively rapid accumulation of soil organic matter. A well-developed buried illuvial B horizon as an 'ortstein' material can limit aeolian erosion to a certain depth, while above these horizons aeolian erosion and accumulation remain active. History of changes in the environment is to a substantial degree reflected in morphology and micromorphology of the studied soils. Keywords: aeolian processes, drift sand, ortstein, podzolization, reforestation, soil development Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 161-169 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/36/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/36/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:36-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivica KISIC Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Igor BOGUNOVIC Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Darija BILANDZIJA Title: The influence of tillage and crops on particle size distribution of water-eroded soil sediment on Stagnosol Abstract: The influences of six different tillage treatments and five different crops on soil losses by water erosion were studied during a twenty-year period (1995-2014) on Stagnosol in central lowland Croatia. The aim of the study was to determine how the quantity of soil sediment, different tillage treatments and crops influence the particle size distribution (PSD) of soil sediment. During the studied period, total number of non-eroded soil samples was 60 and total number of soil sediments samples was 445. Significantly lower amounts of fine sand and higher amounts of clay and silt were determined in sediments compared to the non-eroded soil regardless of cover crop and tillage treatment, with the exception of bare cultivated soil. Generally, when quantities of soil sediments were higher, textural differences between non-eroded and eroded soil were lower. Very week negative correlation was determined between the quantity of soil sediment and the content of clay (r = -0.25) as well as the content of silt (r = -0.23). A very weak positive correlation (r = 0.23) was determined between the content of fine sand and the quantity of soil sediment, while non correlation (r = -0.02) was determined between the content of coarse sand and the quantity of soil sediment. Keywords: Croatia, soil loss, soil management, soil texture Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 170-176 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/91/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/91/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:91-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Detlef DEUMLICH Author-Name: Abhinand JHA Author-Workplace-Name: Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany Author-Name: Gerald KIRCHNER Author-Workplace-Name: University of Hamburg/ZNF, Hamburg, Germany Title: Comparing measurements, 7Be radiotracer technique and process-based erosion model for estimating short-term soil loss from cultivated land in Northern Germany Abstract: Due to changing climate and irregular weather patterns, event-based soil loss and sediment yield have become important issues in the agricultural areas. Several mathematical models and prediction methodologies have been used to estimate event-based soil loss and soil redistribution based on soil types, land management, hydrology and local topography. The use of short-lived beryllium-7 as a means of estimating event-based soil erosion/deposition rates has become an alternative to the traditional soil loss measurement methods. A new erosion model taking into account the movement of 7Be in soils has been presented recently. In order to direct the attention to the potential offered by this technique (measurements and mathematical model), a two-year study was performed at the erosion plots in Müncheberg, Germany, and twelve individual erosion rates were estimated. This paper presents a systematic comparison of the non-steady state 7Be model with the process-based erosion model EROSION-3D and measured data. The results demonstrate a close consistency between the erosion rates estimated by erosion models and the estimates provided by the 7Be model and can therefore be seen as a promising contribution to validating the use of this radionuclide to document short-term soil redistribution within the plot and deposited sediment at the bottom of the plot. Keywords: beryllium-7, EROSION-3D, fallout radionuclides, sediment, water erosion Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 177-186 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/124/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/124/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:124-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hana BAČINOVÁ Author-Name: Pavel KOVÁŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Impact of overland flow on soil characteristics in Třebsín experimental plots Abstract: This paper describes the continuation of simulated outcomes from the plots No. 4 and No. 5 with two different soils, using the KINFIL model to assess the runoff from extreme rainfall. The KINFIL model is a physically-based, parameter-distributed 3D model that has been applied to the Třebsín experimental station in the Czech Republic. This model was used for the first time in 2012 to simulate the impact of overland flow caused by natural or sprinkler-made intensive rains on four of the nine experimental plots. This measurement of a rain simulator producing a high-intensity rainfall involves also hydraulic conductivity, soil sorptivity, plot geometry and granulometric curves to be used for the present analysis. However, since 2012, the KINFIL model has been amended to provide a more effective comparison of the measured and computed results using the values of new parameters such as storage suction factor and field capacity on plot 4 and plot 5. The KINFIL model uses all input data mentioned above, and it produces the output data such as gross rainfall, effective rainfall, runoff discharge hydraulic depths, hydraulic velocities and shear velocities as well as shear stress values depending on the soil particle distribution. These processes are innovative, physically based, and both the measured and the computed results fit reliably. Keywords: hydrological model, water erosion, infiltration, kinematic wave Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 187-193 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/133/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/133/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201703-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:3:id:133-2016-SWR