Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: INDEX OF VOLUME 12 (2017) Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: I-II Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/10146-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/10146-SWR.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:10146-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Darya FEDOROVÁ Author-Name: Hana BAČINOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel KOVÁŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Use of terraces to reduce overland flow and soil erosion, comparison of the HEC-HMS model and the KINFIL model application Abstract: In our study, a system of seven natural terraces interspersed with six field belts situated at the Knínice locality (the Ore Mts., North-West Bohemia) was selected as the experimental catchment area. Overland flow was computed using two different methods: the kinematic wave method and the SCS dimensionless Unit hydrograph (UH). For the kinematic wave method calculations the KINFIL software was used; for SCS dimensionless hydrograph the HEC-HMS software was applied. The results compare hydrographs with N-year recurrence of rainfall-runoff time, where N = 10, 20, 50, and 100 years. The comparison provides hydraulic results with terraces and without terraces computed using both mentioned software products. Although two different methods of overland flow computation were performed, the input data obtained from geodetic and hydrological measurements were identical. Results of the comparison are presented and discussed. Keywords: extreme rainfall, infiltration, kinematic wave, soil protection, Unit hydrograph Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 195-201 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/160/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/160/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:160-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fevzi AKBAS Author-Workplace-Name: Konya Soil, Water and Deserting Control Research Center Meram, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Hikmet GUNAL Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey Author-Name: Nurullah ACIR Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey$2 Title: Spatial variability of soil potassium and its relationship to land use and parent material Abstract: Information on the spatial distribution of plant nutrients is a prerequisite to predict their behaviour and to monitor the fertility in a watershed. This study was conducted to evaluate variations of plant available potassium (PAK) and non-exchangeable potassium (NEK) of a watershed with different land use and parent materials. Eight hundred soil samples were taken from 0-30 and 30-60 cm depths across the Kazova watershed of 20 656 ha in size. Average PAK was 152.8 mg/K kg in surface layers and 167.2 mg/kg in subsurface layers. NEK was 925 mg K/kg in surface and 167.2 mg K/kg in subsurface layers. All forms of K were the lowest in soils formed over serpentinite. Soils in pastures had the highest PAK and NEK. Both K forms were positively related to clay content. Spatial variability patterns of PAK and NEK were similar and consistent at both soil depths. The variation in parent material and land use is considered as the main cause for large variations of potassium forms. Keywords: alluvium, geostatistics, management, non-exchangeable potassium, plant available potassium Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 202-211 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/32/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/32/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:32-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mujiyo Mujiyo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Bambang Hendro Sunarminto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Eko Hanudin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Jaka Widada Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Jauhari Syamsiyah Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia Title: Methane production potential of soil profile in organic paddy field Abstract: The use of organic fertilizers in the organic paddy/rice field can increase methane (CH4) production, which leads to environmental problems. In this study, we aimed to determine the CH4 production potential (CH4-PP) by a soil profile from samples using flood incubation. Soil properties (chemical, physical, and biological) were analyzed from soil samples of three different paddy farming systems (organic, semi-organic, and conventional), whilst soil from teak forest was used as the control. A significant relationship was determined between soil properties and CH4-PP. The average amount of CH4-PP in the organic rice field profile was the highest among all the samples (1.36 µg CH4/kg soil/day). However, the CH4 oxidation potential (CH4-OP) is high as well, as this was a chance of mitigation options should focus on increasing the methanotrophic activity which might reduce CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. The factor most influencing CH4-PP is soil C-organic (Corg). Corg and CH4-PP of the top soil of organic rice fields were 2.09% and 1.81 µg CH4/kg soil/day, respectively. As a consequence, here the mitigation options require more efforts than in the other farming systems. Soil with various amounts of Corg reached a maximum point of CH4-PP at various time after incubation (20, 15, and 10 days for the highest, medium, and the lowest amounts of Corg, respectively). A high amount of Corg provided enough C substrate for producing a higher amount of CH4 and reaching its longer peak production than the low amount of Corg. These findings also provide guidance that mitigation option reduces CH4 emissions from organic rice fields and leads to drainage every10-20 days before reaching the maximum CH4-PP. Keywords: emission, horizon, methane, mitigation, soil Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 212-219 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/58/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/58/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:58-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shengtang ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Yin LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Jingzhou ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Yuanchen LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China Title: Simulation study of anisotropic flow resistance of farmland vegetation Abstract: Farmland vegetation is commonly cultivated with uniform planting spacing and heights. The effect of these features on resistance to hydraulic erosion is unclear. Hydraulic model experiments with the angle between the crop rows and the water flow direction set at 15°, 30°, 45° or 90° were conducted to analyze variation in the law of water flow resistance under partial or complete submergence of the crop. Cultivation can impact the flow resistance on slopes and this effect was greater when the crop was partially submerged. When planting spacing, slope, and water depth were constant, the change of the water flow Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient f with crop row-water flow angle was f15° > f30° > f45° > f90°. This suggests that flow resistance of farmland vegetation is anisotropic. The water flow resistance coefficient of crops that were partly submerged increased with water depth, but decreased with water depth when the crop was completely submerged. At the critical change from partial submergence to complete submergence, the water flow resistance coefficient was the highest when water depth was equal to crop height. These results may be useful for optimizing farmland planting and soil and water conservation. Keywords: hydraulic erosion, resistance coefficient, simulation experiment, vegetation resistance Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 220-228 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/50/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/50/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:50-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Demková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Jezný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Lenka Bobuľská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovak Republic Title: Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in a former mining area - before and after the end of mining activities Abstract: Toxicity and persistence of heavy metals, which are accumulated in the environment as the result of diverse industrial activities, represent serious environmental problem worldwide. The intense mineral extraction in mining areas has produced a large amount of waste material and tailings, which release toxic elements to the environment. The aim of the study was to determine in two time horizons (1997, 2015) the heavy metal contents of samples derived from ten sampling sites located in the former mining area of Central Spiš (Slovakia). In order to compare the level of contamination, the contamination factor (Cif), degree of contamination (Cd), and pollution load index (PLI) were computed. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used in order to detect the relationships among heavy metals. A serious situation was found for Hg, Zn, and Cd, which exceeded limit values at all sampling sites within both studied years. In 1997, the average values of contamination factor have shown very high contamination with all studied heavy metals, and moderate contamination with Co. In 2015, the study area was classified as very highly contaminated with As, Hg, Zn, Cu, considerably contaminated with Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd, while Co contamination was not detected. Since 1997 till 2015 the pollution load index decreased by about 38%, nevertheless even then almost all sampling sites were classified as heavily polluted. Despite the fact that mining activities were stopped or limited at the beginning of the 21st century, the presence of heavy metals in soils remains at a serious level. The high level of contamination is a result of heavy metal persistence and non-biodegradability. Keywords: contamination factor, degree of contamination, pollution index, soil toxicity Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 229-236 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/107/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/107/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:107-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cungang CHENG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, Liaoning, P.R. China Author-Name: Deying ZHAO Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, Liaoning, P.R. China Author-Name: LV Deguo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Li SHUANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: DU Guodong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Comparative study on microbial community structure across orchard soil, cropland soil, and unused soil Abstract: We examined the effects of three different soil conditions (orchard soil, cropland soil, unused soil) on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The results first showed that orchard and cropland land use significantly changed the distribution and diversity of soil microbes, particularly at surface soil layers. The richness index (S) and Shannon diversity index (H) of orchard soil microbes were significantly higher than the indices of the cropland and unused soil treatments in the 0-10 cm soil layer, while the S and H indices of cropland soil microbes were the highest in 10-20 cm soil layers. Additionally, the Simpson dominance index of cropland soil microbial communities was the highest across all soil layers. Next, we found that carbon source differences in soil layers under the three land use conditions can mainly be attributed to their carbohydrate and polymer composition, indicating that they are the primary cause of the functional differences in microbial communities under different land uses. In conclusion, orchard and cropland soil probably affected microbial distribution and functional diversity due to differences in vegetation cover, cultivation, and management measures. Keywords: BIOLOG technology, land uses, microbial diversity, soil conditions, soil microorganism population Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 237-245 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/177/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/177/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:177-2016-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gamal E.B. EL GHAZALI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Science and Arts at Al Rass, University of Qassim, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Abdul Rahman A. AL-SOQEER Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Qassim, Saudi Arabia * Corresponding author e-mail: gamalelghazali@gmail.com Author-Name: Wail E. ABDALLA Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Science and Arts at Al Rass, University of Qassim, Saudi Arabia Title: Effect of treated sewage effluents on plant cover and soil at Wadi Al Rummah, Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia Abstract: The effect of tertiary treated sewage effluents on the plant cover and the physico-chemical properties of the surface soil (environmental characteristics) before and after the Al Rass sewage plant was investigated. The data were illustrated via TWINSPAN and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Five sites, 1 km apart, after the discharge point and one site (control site) before the sewage plant were examined. Eleven vegetation characteristics and ten physico-chemical properties of surface soil were studied. The obtained results revealed that discharging of treated sewage effluents altered quantitatively and qualitatively the pattern of species dominance and the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Soil electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), organic matters (OM), soluble cations, and soluble anions showed increased values compared to the control (resulting in salination), whereas soil pH decreased as a result of sewage disposal. It was also noticed that the physico-chemical values of EC, TDS, Ca++, Mg++, Na+, Cl- after the sewage plant were higher than the permissible limits for agriculture recommended by FAO, whereas K+ and HCO3- were within the recommended values. The dominance of Suaeda vermiculata Forssk. ex J.F.Jmel. after the sewage plant and its absolute absence before the sewage plant may be used as an environmental bioindicator of pollution. Keywords: bioindicator of pollution, physico-chemical properties, salination, species dominance, Suaeda vermiculata Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 246-253 Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/230/2016-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/230/2016-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-201704-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:12:y:2017:i:4:id:230-2016-SWR