Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index of Volume 16 Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: I-II Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/13885-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/13885-SWR.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:13885-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Baoyang Sun Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Feipeng Ren Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenfeng Ding Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Guanhua Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Jinquan Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianming Li Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain flood Geological Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Lei Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China Title: Effects of freeze-thaw on soil properties and water erosion Abstract: Freeze-thaw erosion occurs primarily at high latitudes and altitudes. Temperature controlled freeze-thaw events dislodge soil particles and serve as a catalyst for erosion. This review paper provided an overview of the effects of freeze-thaw on soil properties and water erosion. The process of freeze-thaw cycles results in temporary and inconsistent changes in the soil moisture, and affects the soil's mechanical, physical and chemical properties, such as the soil moisture content, porosity, bulk density, aggregates stability, shear strength and organic matter content and so on. The variation trend and range of the soil properties were related to the soil texture, water content and freeze-thaw degree. Furthermore, the soil erosion was affected by the freeze-thaw processes, as thawing and water erosion reinforce each other. However, research of different experimental conditions on indoor simulations have numerous limitations compared with field experiments. The use of indoor and field experiments to further reveal the freeze-thaw effect on the soil erosion would facilitate improved forecasting. Keywords: erosion amount, erosion process, freeze-thaw cycles, soil properties, soil moisture transport Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 205-216 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/143/2020-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/143/2020-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:143-2020-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yaselda Chavarin-Pineda Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Author-Name: Eduardo C. Reynoso Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Author-Name: Eduardo Torres Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Author-Name: Gerardo Cruz-Flores Author-Workplace-Name: Soil and Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Faculty of Superior Studies Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México Author-Name: Ma. Guadalupe Tenorio-Arvide Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Author-Name: Gladys Linares-Fleites Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Author-Name: Miguel Ángel Valera-Pérez Author-Workplace-Name: Postgraduate in Environmental Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México Title: Soil quality in volcanic soils in a forest biosphere reserve in Mexico Abstract: Forest soils respond dramatically to management changes compared to other soils influenced by different land-use forms. This work aimed to compare the soil conditions in four different zones in a temperate forest in a biosphere reserve in Mexico, using a minimum data set (MDS) based on volcanic soils properties to develop a soil quality index (SQI). For this purpose, two different MDSs were used, one obtained from an expert opinion and the other through a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). The soil quality assessment was conducted in a biosphere reserve in Mexico, where volcanic soils predominate. Four different areas were studied. Overall, six different types of SQI were calculated for each area, for which linear and nonlinear functions were used and the additive and weighted method. The six SQI showed a significant difference between the four areas of study. The zone with the highest SQI values was the zone with a preserved pine forest, followed by the zone with a pine forest managed by the population, and the zones with a pine forest and grassland in recovery showed the lowest SQI. The linear score indices obtained by the PCA indicated the better ability to differentiate the calculated SQI values, which would provide information to contribute to the stakeholder management and decision making in the protection, conservation and management of the ecosystems present in the biosphere reserve. Keywords: Andisol, forest soil, land use and management Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 217-227 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/108/2020-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2020-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:108-2020-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Vopravil Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Formánek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslava Janků Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej Holubík Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Khel Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Early changes in soil organic carbon following afforestation of former agricultural land Abstract: Afforestation of less productive, risky and degraded agricultural land is one of the methods which is recommended for practical agriculture to increase the carbon sequestration. In this study, we have attempted to determine the effect of afforestation of agricultural land (warm, mildly dry climatic region of the Czech Republic) on the soil organic carbon (Cox) concentrations in the mineral soil. Two soil types (Haplic Chernozem and Haplic Cambisol) were afforested. Both an indirect estimation (loss-on-ignition method) as well as chromsulfuric acid mixture oxidation were used to determine the organic carbon content in the soil samples and the methods were compared. In the case of the Haplic Chernozem, the Cox concentration at a depth of 0-10 cm after 1-3 years of afforestation with pedunculate oak or Scots pine significantly decreased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.004, respectively) with the stand age. Similar to the case of the Haplic Chernozem, the Cox concentration in the Haplic Cambisol also significantly decreased in the variants with Scots pine (P < 0.003) or a mixture of forest tree species (P < 0.006); no significant (P > 0.05) decrease was found in the case of a mixture of forest tree species on the Haplic Chernozem or with Douglas fir on the Haplic Cambisol. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) Cox concentrations were typically found in the case of 1-year-old stands compared to 2-year-old or 3-year-old stands. A higher Cox loss than the quantity of residues returned to the soils may be the reason the soil Cox concentration significantly (P < 0.00001 and P < 0.000001) decreased for the control agricultural plots (Haplic Chernozem and Haplic Cambisol). The carbon stock in the upper 10 cm of the 5-year-old stands was higher on the Haplic Chernozem and lower on the Haplic Cambisol compared to the control agricultural plots. Keywords: alginite, forest tree species, loss-on-ignition method, wheat Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 228-236 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/29/2021-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/29/2021-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:29-2021-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emre Çomakli Author-Workplace-Name: Environmental Problems Research and Application Center, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey Author-Name: Bülent Turgut Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Ecology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Title: Determining the effects of the forest stand age on the soil quality index in afforested areas: A case study in the Palandöken Mountains Abstract: Afforestation is an essential strategy for erosion control. The objective of this study was to determine the soil quality index (SQI) in established afforested areas of different ages for erosion control in Erzurum, Turkey. Three afforested areas were selected as plots considering their establishment periods: + 40 years old (AA>40), 10-40 years old (AA10-40), and less than 10 years old (AA<10). Forty soil samples were taken in each plot area over the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths. The soil samples were analysed for the texture, mean weight diameter, aggregate stability, pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total carbon, and total sulfur contents. These properties were used as the soil quality indicators, whereby the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to establish their relative importance for describing the soil quality. The indicators were scored using the linear score functions of "more is better" and "optimum value". For determining the SQI, the additive method (SQIA), the weighted method with AHP (SQIAHP), and the weighted method with PCA (SQIPCA) were used. The SQI scores of the plots showed statistically significant differences. In all three methods, the highest SQI value was obtained from the AA>40 plots. Keywords: analytic hierarchy process (AHP), principal component analysis (PCA), degradation, ecosystem, forest Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 237-249 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/179/2020-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/179/2020-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:179-2020-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fan Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hua Zhu Author-Name: Haobo Hou Title: Insights into the development of electrokinetic remediation technology: A bibliometric analysis Abstract: Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) is a powerful technique aimed at pollutant removal in soil, sludge, mine tailings, and so on. In the current work, we performed a bibliometric analysis of the research on EKR for the period of 1900-2018 on the basis of the core database of the Science Citation Index Expanded. In addition to a basic analysis of the research characteristics, keywords were analysed for four major participants: USA, China, Spain, and South Korea. The periods of 1990-2001, 2002-2008, and 2009-2018 were studied using the keyword analysis method to gain insights into the development of EKR and predict its future trends. The results revealed that the related research field in the USA was broad during the study periods. Meanwhile, China was interested in fluorine pollution and contamination in red soil. Spain paid close attention to pollution due to agricultural contamination. South Korea focused on radioactive element pollution. The number of papers published over a period of 28 years increased steadily and continued to rise after 2008. The combined techniques of EKR + phytoremediation and EKR + bioremediation were successively utilised by scholars over time, and the latter is expected to demonstrate vitality in the future. Keywords: bibliometrics, EKR, electrokinetics, remediation technology Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 250-255 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/63/2020-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/63/2020-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:63-2020-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Vopravil Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Formánek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslava Janků Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Khel Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Soil water dynamics in drained and undrained meadows Abstract: Tile drainage belongs to one of the most important meliorative measures in the Czech Republic. It has been hypothesised that it may improve some soil properties which are influenced by the groundwater and their water regime. In the case of meadows, the used management method may also influence the soil properties. In this study, different physical soil properties (particle and bulk density, total soil porosity, maximum capillary water capacity, minimum air capacity, water retention capacity and saturated water content, volumetric water content and matric potential) at depths of 15, 35 or 40 and 60 cm in differently managed meadows (drained versus undrained) located near the village of Železná in the Czech Republic (mildly cold, humid climatic region) were investigated. The drained meadow is used mainly for grazing (extensively) and the undrained meadow is mown twice a year. In addition, the actual evapotranspiration was estimated for the 2018 vegetation season. The selected physical soil properties were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the experimental meadows, especially at depths of 0-28 versus 0-35 cm (particle and bulk density, total soil porosity, maximum capillary water capacity, water retention capacity and saturated water content) and 28-49 versus 35-45 cm (particle density, water retention capacity and saturated water content). In the case of all the studied soil depths, the volumetric water content and matric potential were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the experimental meadows in the years 2016-2019. The actual evapotranspiration was also significantly different (P < 0.05) between the meadows. The obtained differences in the measured soil properties and estimated actual evapotranspiration were probably influenced by the used tile drainage and also by the type of management of the meadow. It is necessary to obtain more research findings with respect to different types of management in the case of drained meadows and also undrained meadows to understand the role of both treatments (tile drainage, management). Keywords: evapotranspiration, land use, physical soil properties, soil water regime, tile drainage Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 256-267 Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/51/2021-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/51/2021-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202104-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:51-2021-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Authors Index of Volume 16 Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: III-IV Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/13886-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/13886-SWR.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:16:y:2021:i:4:id:13886-SWR