Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: INDEX OF VOLUME 17 Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: I-IV Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/14792-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14792-SWR.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:14792-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Kincl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Kabelka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Darina Heřmanovská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Vopravil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Rudolf Urban Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Special Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Křemen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Special Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of sediment barriers in relation to the trap of soil particles Abstract: Water erosion and the subsequent sediment deposits can cause a number of environmental problems. The damage can be mitigated by means of sediment barriers. Their use is most often associated with the construction or protection of transport infrastructure. In some cases, they can also be used in forestry and agriculture. However, there is still a number of questions concerning sediment barriers regarding their proper function, efficiency and some implementation parameters. For these reasons, we decided to verify three types of sediment barriers. They were tested by simulated flooding at a flow of 5 and 10 L/s, always for a span of 25 min. All the tested barriers had a similar soil particle trap efficiency of about 90%. We assume that this result was due to some of our modifications to the sediment barriers and, above all, through the ensured run-off, where there were no structural failures within the barriers. Furthermore, it was also found, during the simulations, that the required sediment process of the eroded soil was not significantly affected by the size of the storage space. Therefore, it should be designed primarily with regard to the required amount of sediment and not to retain a significantly large volume of water. Keywords: full-scale testing, silt-fence, soil bund, soil erosion, straw bale, trap efficiency Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 201-210 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/48/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:48-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tong-Hui Wu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Yu-Fu Hu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Yan-Yan Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada Author-Name: Xiang-Yang Shu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Ze-Peng Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Wei Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Cheng-Yi Huang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China *Corresponding author. huyufu@sicau.edu.cn Author-Name: Jie Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhi Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Jia He Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying Yu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China Title: Changes in soil organic carbon and its fractions under grassland reclamation in alpine-cold soils, China Abstract: Grasslands are the main land use types in China, but their reclamation into croplands can influence the terrestrial carbon and, consequently, impact the global carbon balance. The long-term reclamation of alpine-cold grasslands to croplands are expected to decrease the soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions. Here, we conducted an in situ systematic study to measure the SOC and its fraction in soils sampled in an alpine-cold grassland with a gradient of cultivation history from 0 to 40 years. The SOC and its fractions significantly decreased after reclamation (P < 0.05), and the changes in the 0-20 cm soil layer were the greatest among the three sampling depths. After 40 years of reclamation, the SOC content and storage at 0-20 cm decreased by 74 and 60%, respectively. The decreases in the soil labile carbon fractions were more rapid and apparent than the SOC, especially the particular organic carbon (POC), which decreased by 82%. The soil humus carbon fractions also decreased, particularly the humic acid carbon (HAC), which decreased by 81%. The reduction rates of SOC and its fractions gradually decreased with an increase in the cultivation history. Besides, the ratios of the optical densities or absorbances of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) solutions at 465 and 665 nm (E4/E6 ratios) and the hue coefficient (Δlog K values), which is the logarithm disparity between the 400 and 600 nm absorbance of the HA (FA) substance, in the solution gradually decreased, indicating that the quality of the soil humus decreased. The reclamation significantly decreased the SOC and its fractions in the alpine-cold soils, which should not be underestimated in the impact on the terrestrial carbon cycles and balance in the long run. Keywords: land use change, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, soil carbon, soil humus carbon, soil labile carbon Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 211-221 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/29/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/29/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:29-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azamat Suleymanov Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Science, Ufa Institute of Biology UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Protection and Prudent Exploitation of Natural Resources, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Vyacheslav Polyakov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Author-Name: Mikhail Komissarov Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Science, Ufa Institute of Biology UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Climate Change Monitoring and Carbon Ecosystems Balance, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Ruslan Suleymanov Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Science, Ufa Institute of Biology UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Climate Change Monitoring and Carbon Ecosystems Balance, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Ilyusya Gabbasova Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Science, Ufa Institute of Biology UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Climate Change Monitoring and Carbon Ecosystems Balance, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Timur Garipov Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Science, Ufa Institute of Biology UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Irik Saifullin Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Climate Change Monitoring and Carbon Ecosystems Balance, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geodesy, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia Author-Name: Evgeny Abakumov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Title: Biophysicochemical properties of the eroded southern chernozem (Trans-Ural Steppe, Russia) with emphasis on the 13C NMR spectroscopy of humic acids Abstract: The morphological, water-physical and chemical properties, basal respiration of the southern chernozem (Chernozem Haplic Endosalic) and erosional sediment in the Trans-Ural steppe zone (Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia) were studied. The surface soil horizon significantly differs from the sediment by the better structure and water aggregate stability. The particle size distribution of the sediments, due to erosion, contains more silt and clay fractions compared to the slope soil. It indicates a great potential for the carbon saturation of the soil which is limited by degradation. The slope soil is slightly saline, the type of the salinisation is sulfate with the participation of hydrocarbonates. The CО2 emissions, the organic carbon and alkaline-hydrolysable nitrogen content is low; and significantly lower than in the erosional sediment, but the content of exchangeable cations and water-soluble salts is higher. The structural composition of the humic acid (HA) extracted from the soil and erosional sediments was determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. Aliphatic structural fragments predominate (65%) with a maximum signal level in the area of C, H-alkyls in the HA of the surface horizon. In the HA of the erosional sediment, the proportion of aromatic structural fragments is higher (up to 59%), which is associated with the processes of hydrolysis and condensation. In the HA of the slope soil, the formation of predominantly C, H-alkyls, oxygen-containing groups, including carboxyl ones, takes place. Differences in the composition of the structural fragments and functional groups of the soil and sediment HA are due to the different stability of the organic matter under conditions of the development of the soil erosion processes. Keywords: carbon sequestration, erosion, nuclear magnetic resonance, sediment, soil properties Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 222-232 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/52/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:52-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xinyi Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiande Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Science, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Jing Sang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaowen Ding Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Regional Energy and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Effects of rainfall and the slope gradient on the soil and water loss in a purple soil area Abstract: Soil and water losses in purple soil area is becoming an increasingly severe problem, bringing enormous challenges to environmental protection in rural areas. In this study, simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to analyse the effects of rainfall and the slope conditions on the soil and water loss. Purple soil from a typical slope in the Beibei District of Chongqing was selected as the experimental soil. Twenty rainfall scenarios with varying rainfall intensities and slope conditions were created in the simulation. The results indicate that the runoff initiation time shortened with an increased rainfall intensity and slope gradient. There was a logarithmic relationship between the effect of the rainfall amount on both the runoff intensity and sediment yield intensity. Generally, both the runoff and sediment yield showed a positive linear relationship with the rainfall intensity under different slope gradient conditions. In terms of the same rainfall intensity, both the runoff intensity and sediment yield intensity increased with the slope. Furthermore, a critical slope gradient for the soil and water loss was found between 20° and 25°. This study aimed to provide a reference for soil and water conservation research in a purple soil area. Keywords: precipitation, Sichuan Basin, simulated rainfall experiment, soil erosion, topography Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 232-242 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/45/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/45/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:45-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ekaterina Chebykina Author-Name: George Shamilishvilly Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation Author-Name: Sergey Kouzov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation Author-Name: Evgeny Abakumov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation Title: Soils of external islands of the Gulf of Finland: Soil pollution status and dynamics in abandoned agricultural ecosystems Abstract: External islands of the Gulf of Finland are an archipelago of relatively small islands located in central-eastern parts of the gulf. These islands are unique natural environments that represent an informative model for the evaluation of former agricultural soil dynamics in abandoned agricultural landscapes. Soils of these islands have been in a fallow state for about 70 years, although before that, they were arable vegetable soils of Finnish settlements for a long time. The morphological pedodiversity of external islands of the Gulf of Finland was studied during a complex expedition that took place within the framework of the program "My Region" in 2019 and was supported by Nord Stream 2 AG. The determination of main soil characteristics was carried out using standard analysis procedures. The unique soils of these areas could be used for the evaluation of the long-term evolution of anthropogenically developed soils after being in an abandoned (fallow) state. Data on soil morphology, taxonomy state and agrochemical soil characteristics are discussed, as are current soil pollution processes of these remote areas based on trace elements. Lands of external islands of the Gulf of Finland are characterised by a wide diversity of soil patterns at different stages of development. Keywords: abandoned agricultural landscape, agrochemical characteristic, fallow soils, Seskar, Moshchny, Maly, Bolshoi Tyuters islands, soil contamination Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 243-250 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/14/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:14-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Prepilková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: Juraj Poništ Author-Name: Marián Schwarz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: Dagmar Samešová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Title: Possibilities of remediation of neutral mine drainage - Removal and recovery of potentially hazardous elements Abstract: Mine water is one of the factors threatening the environment. The aim of the review article is to discuss and critically evaluate individual strategies for the remediation of neutral mine water. A critical evaluation is an essential tool to determine an appropriate remediation strategy. A wetland system is the preferred method of metal removal. However, the disadvantage is that it takes up more space compared to other methods and has a lower metal removal efficiency compared to active metal removal methods. When creating a suitable strategy, it is also necessary to assess the conditions of the mining site, which partially or completely prevent the use of the selected remediation strategy. The benefit of this review article is the processing of suitable combinations of treatment methods for the removal of potentially hazardous elements and their subsequent recovery. Future research in the field needs to focus on the analysis of the negative aspects of the environment that may disrupt or support the implementation of the selected method of remediation. Keywords: adsorption, heavy metals, leaching, mine drainage, treatment methods Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 251-267 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/7/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202204-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:17:y:2022:i:4:id:7-2022-SWR