Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiangwei Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Yizhe Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Shaanxi Provincial Farmland Quality and Agricultural Environmental Protection Workstation, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianglong Lv Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: Hailong He Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Title: Past, present and future of the applications of machine learning in soil science and hydrology Abstract: Machine learning can handle an ever-increasing amount of data with the ability to learn models from the data. It has been widely used in a variety of disciplines and is gaining increasingly more attention nowadays. As it is challenging to map soil and hydrological information that are characterised with high spatial and temporal variability, applications of machine learning in soil science and hydrology (AMLSH) have become popularised. To better understand the current state of AMLSH research, a scientific and quantitative approach was performed to statistically analyse publication information from 1973 to 2021 archived in the Scopus database using scientometric analysis tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the open-source R package "bibliometrix". The results show a significant increase in the number of publications on AMLSH since 2006. The major contributions were identified based on country origins (China, the USA, and India), institutions (Hohai University, Islamic Azad University, and Wuhan University), and journals (Journal of Hydrology, Remote Sensing, and Geoderma). The keywords analysis of the AMLSH research demonstrates four research hotspots: neural network, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and soil. The most frequently utilised machine learning (ML) methods are neural networks, decision trees, random forests and other methods for image processing and predictive analysis. McBratney et al. 2003 is the most highly cited article. Our research sheds light on the research process on AMLSH and concludes with future research perspectives. Keywords: machine learning, science mapping, scientometric analysis, soil Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 67-80 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/94/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/94/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:94-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mateja Muršec Author-Name: Jean Leveque Author-Workplace-Name: UB/CNRS/UBFC/EPHE 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France Title: δ13C as a tool to determine the origin of soil organic carbon: Case study of a restored sloping orchard Abstract: The effect of drip irrigation on the origin and size fraction of soil organic carbon was studied in the soils of an apple orchard (Malus domestica Borkh.) on hilly (20%) terrain in northeastern Slovenia in three slope positions (upslope, midslope and downslope), comparing irrigated with non-irrigated soils. Physical fractionation of soil organic carbon was performed on three soil layers (0-0.05, 0.05-0.15 and 0.15-0.30 m) in three size fractions: fraction A (> 0.0002 m), fraction B (0.0002‒0.00005 m) and fraction C (< 0.00005 m). Fraction A was the richest in soil organic carbon (7.7%), but fraction C was the dominant fraction in the total soil volume (86‒92%), making it the largest source of soil organic carbon (73%). The δ13C signature was performed to determine the existence of two different types (origins) of soil organic carbon: fresh and sedimentary. Fresh organic carbon dominates in the A fraction, while sedimentary organic carbon dominates in the C fraction and may contribute to higher structural stability, besides higher carbonates in the finest fraction. Irrigation mainly contributes to the higher stock of soil organic carbon (predominantly fresh and less sedimentary) in the coarse A fraction (21.14 t/ha in irrigated and 14.17 t/ha in non-irrigated soils). Keywords: CaCO3, carbon isotopes, drip irrigation, physical fractionation, soil organic matter Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 81-88 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/101/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/101/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:101-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhuo Tian Author-Workplace-Name: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Shuaipu Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Qinxue Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Mingfeng Bi Author-Workplace-Name: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianhua He Author-Workplace-Name: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, P.R. China Title: Influence of Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. roots on preferential flow in the red soil hilly region Abstract: Preferential water flow in soil significantly affects runoff, water infiltration, storage, groundwater environment, and soil stability. Plant roots positively affect preferential flow development. This study explored the relationship between the root system of Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. and preferential flow using dyeing tracer test and image analysis techniques. A typical red soil hilly region on the outskirts of Guilin City (Guangxi, China) was selected as the study area. A Bright Blue solution was used to visualize the pathways followed by the infiltrated water in simulated rainfall experiments, and Image Analyzer of Plants was used to analyze the root length, surface area, and volume. The results revealed significant differences in the root surface area density of coarse roots (RSAD-CR) and length index of preferential flow (LI) among soil profiles at various distances from the tree trunk. The root volume density of coarse (RVD-CR) and total roots (RVD-TR), the root length density of coarse roots (RLD-CR), and RSAD-CR were significantly correlated with the characteristics of dyeing morphology. Conversely, the root length density and root surface area density of fine (RLD-FR and RSAD-FR, respectively) and total roots (RLD-TR and RSAD-TR, respectively), and the root volume density of fine roots (RVD-FR) were not significantly correlated with the characteristic parameters of dyeing morphology. The root systems of P. fortunei were critical for enhancing soil water infiltration and developing preferential flow in red soil hilly regions. Coarse roots had a greater impact on the development of preferential flow than fine roots, and root volume had a greater influence on preferential flow development than root length and root surface area. This study contributes to a better understanding of the hydrological cycle at the plant-soil interface in red soil hilly regions. Keywords: dyeing experiment, principal component analysis (PCA), root distribution, water infiltration Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 89-101 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/140/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/140/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:140-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Efrén Tarancón-Andrés Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain Author-Name: Jacinto Santamaria-Peña Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain Author-Name: David Arancón-Pérez Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain Author-Name: Eduardo Martínez-Cámara Author-Name: Julio Blanco-Fernández Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain Title: Detection of high erosion risk areas and their incorporation into environmental impact assessment Abstract: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is normally used independently of the physical and temporal location of the product, process or service under analysis. This makes LCA results more easily comparable and globally accepted. At the same time, it has drawbacks though, e.g. land use will have the same impact regardless of location. However, the use of certain terrains in high erosion risk areas as compared to others in low erosion risk areas will have a different impact on the ecosystem. The availability of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data (ALS) allows a quick and accurate morphogeometric analysis of any terrain. For this reason, this article offers a methodology, based on Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method and airborne LiDAR data, for the straightforward detection of zones with high vulnerability to erosion problems. Based on these local erosion risk data, a method is developed to assess the environmental impact of land use, based on its location. In this way, the LCA methodology is incorporated to gather local data, dependent on the specific location of the activity under analysis. The methodology developed has been applied, as a case study, to a specific municipality in the high mountains of the Autonomous Community of La Rioja (Spain). Keywords: environmental impact, land use, LiDAR, life cycle assessment, soil erosion Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 102-115 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/91/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/91/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:91-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guanhua Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center on Mountain Torrent & Geologic Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenjun Yang Author-Name: Jiajun Hu Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Jigen Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center on Mountain Torrent & Geologic Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenfeng Ding Author-Workplace-Name: Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center on Mountain Torrent & Geologic Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hai Xiao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Civil Engineering & Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, P.R. China Title: Soil resistance to flowing water erosion as affected by tea planting age in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China Abstract: Soil erosion resistance is influenced by intrinsic soil properties and multiple external factors. This study investigated the effect of tea planting age on soil resistance to flowing water erosion (reflected by rill erodibility (Kr) and critical shear stress (τc)) in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. One slope farmland (as the control) and five tea plantations cultivated for 3 to 34 years were selected for sampling sites. The results indicated that bulk density (BD), soil cohesion (Coh), water stable aggregate (WSA), mean weight diameter (MWD), soil organic carbon (SOC), litter density (LD), and root mass density (RMD) increased generally with tea planting age. Compared to the control, Kr of tea plantations reduced by 71.1%-85.3%. The temporal variation in soil erosion resistance was controlled greatly by the variations in most near-surface characteristics. Kr decreased with WSA, Coh, LD, RMD, and SOC following a power function (P < 0.01); τc increased with MWD, LD, RMD, and SOC as an exponential function, with BD a power function, and Coh a logarithmic function (P < 0.01). In this study, Kr could be simulated well by WSA and LD with a power function, and τc could be simulated well by MWD and RMD with an exponential function. Keywords: critical shear stress, near-surface characteristics, rill erodibility, soil erosion resistance, tea cultivation age Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 116-127 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/157/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/157/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:157-2022-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Kabelka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Kincl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Vopravil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pedology and Soil Conservation, Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague-Zbraslav, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Brychta Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Bačovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape and Urban Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Measuring of infiltration rate in different types of soil in the Czech Republic using a rainfall simulator Abstract: Knowledge of the issue of water movement in the soil is the basis for agricultural activity, but also for many other sectors. One of the basic indicators that is evaluated in soil science is the rate of water infiltration into the soil. The article specifically states how soil texture and soil moisture affect the rate of water infiltration. The results show that changes in water infiltration can be significant and certain trends can be traced. The rate of water infiltration into the soil is most affected by the sand fraction (soil particles 0.05-2 mm). The higher the percentage of these soil particles in the soil, the lower the changes in infiltration rate depending on the degree of saturation. The article further evaluates soil moisture in relation to texture. The results were obtained at several research locations within the period 2014-2021 in the territory of the Czech Republic. The above findings are primarily applicable to the region of Central Europe or can be used as comparative values for regions in the rest of the world. Keywords: soil erodibility, soil moisture, soil texture, surface runoff, water infiltration rate Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 128-137 Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/132/2022-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/132/2022-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:18:y:2023:i:2:id:132-2022-SWR