Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Retno Meitasari Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Eko Hanudin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia Author-Name: Benito Heru Purwanto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, D.I. Yogyakarta, Indonesia Title: Comparison of two soil quality assessment models under different land uses and topographical units on the southwest slope of Mount Merapi Abstract: This study aims to compare the soil quality indexing model by adding and weighting the soil under different land uses and slope positions on the southwest slope of Mount Merapi, Indonesia. Soil sampling was carried out based on a landscape analysis divided into four geomorphological units (slopes): upper, middle, lower and foot slopes. The research design was nested where the soil sample was located (surface soil 0-30 cm). Based on the research results, soil quality indices (SQI) of forest on the upper slopes is very high. SQI of dry fields on the middle, lower and foot slopes is low to medium. SQI of mixed gardens on the middle and lower slopes is low to medium. SQI of snake fruit land on the middle, lower and foot slopes is medium to high. SQI of grassland on the lower slopes is medium to high, and SQI of paddy fields on the foot slopes is medium to high. Weighted soil quality index (SQIw) has a higher correlation (R2 = 0.90) and can predict soil quality better than the adding soil quality index (SQIa) model (R2 = 0.76). Indicators that most influence soil quality are the percentage of sand, total N, C-POM, C-Min, pH, and aggregate stability, that indicators are entirely influenced by organic matter, site-specific management to maintain SQI by maintaining organic matter. The selected indicators in this study can be used to determine the SQI in similar areas. Keywords: indexing, indicators, land use, slope position, soil quality Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 77-89 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/76/2023-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/76/2023-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:19:y:2024:i:2:id:76-2023-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Erika Balontayová Author-Name: Viera Petlušová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Peter Petluš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Juraj Hreško Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Štefan Koco Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geography and Applied Geoinformatics, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovak Republic Title: Soil organic carbon and its labile fractions in the conditions of water erosion on arable land of Chernozems area Abstract: The depletion of organic carbon in the topsoil and the reduction of the humic horizon leads to a decrease in soil productivity. This study focussed on evaluating the influence of water erosion on the quantity and quality of organic carbon (OC) in the topsoil. The determination of the differences in the OC with dependence on the soil thickness and the role of the soil texture in a depletion of OC in the humic horizon and its labile fractions were studied in four arable land localities (Haplic Chernozem, HC; Eutric Regosol, ER). The following carbon parameters were included: total organic carbon (TOC), labile carbon oxidisable by KMnO4 (CL), cold and hot water-extractable organic carbons (CWEOCs) and (HWEOCs), respectively. The higher the soil thickness was, the higher the OC contents were at a depth of up to 0.1 m (TOC; r =0.387, P < 0.01; CL; r = 0.266, P < 0.01), which indicates a more pronounced organic and mineral material washing off. This process was more pronounced on the texturally finer HC than the coarser ER soil. In the case of water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC), the vertical movement was dominant, while in the case of CL, the horizontal one was dominant. In the case of erosion, the spatial variability of the OC is not only the result of the erosion-accumulation activities, but also from the proportion of the OC forms. The erosion significantly interferes in the stabilisation mechanisms of organic substances, and even also influences one of the strongest factors - the soil texture. Keywords: carbon fractions, Chernozem, erosion-accumulation processes, Regosol, soil thickness, texture Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 90-99 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/3/2024-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2024-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:19:y:2024:i:2:id:3-2024-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Author-Name: Yusuf Makarfi Isa Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Title: Application of biostimulation and bioventing system as bioremediation strategy for the treatment of crude oil contaminated soils Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of biostimulation and bioventing for the treatment of crude oil-contaminated soils. The research needed to check how various industrial biostimulants will perform in the treatment of contaminated soils and whether or not there is a synergetic effect that has to do with the stimulant composition. Soil samples used for this study were collected from South Africa. The soil samples were air-dried for 24 h and subsequently passed through a standard sieve of 2 mm screen. The soil consists of 79.32% sand (2.00-0.02 mm), 14.71% silt (0.02-0.002 mm) and 5.97% clay (< 0.002 mm). A microcosm system containing 1 kg of soil contaminated with crude oil (5% w/w) for biostimulation (BSTc) treatment was amended with varying ratios of municipal wastewater (MWW) and brewery wastewater (BWW) to investigate the possible synergy. The bioventing (BVTc) treatment involves the supply of atmospheric air to the bioreactors through the vadose zone for 30mins flow duration every 48 h intervals at ambient condition for 28 days. The BSTc and BVTc treatments recorded 48-58% and 54-75% total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal efficiencies, respectively, as the BWW amendment noted appreciable removal compared to MWW, while the control treatment recorded 35%. The result showed that the attempt to boost the TPH removal efficiency using the bioventing with the wastewater amendment was effective, as the presence of enough oxygen in the system resuscitated the activities of the microbial community for enhanced TPH biodegradation. This study inferred that combined bioventing and biostimulation techniques proved to be an effective bioremediation strategy for the treatment of crude oil contaminated soils and could serve as a vital tool towards the mitigation of pollution aftermath faced by communities involved in oil production and/or processing activities. Keywords: biostimulation, bioventing, brewery wastewater, crude oil, municipal wastewater Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 100-110 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/66/2023-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/66/2023-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:19:y:2024:i:2:id:66-2023-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dauren Rakhmanov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Bořivoj Šarapatka Author-Name: Kamilla Alibekova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Černohorský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Hekera Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zhassulan Smanov Author-Workplace-Name: Space Technologies and Remote Sensing Center, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Title: Assessment of agricultural land salinization via soil analysis and remote sensing data: Case study in Pavlodar region, Kazakhstan Abstract: Soil salinization is one of the most widespread soil degradation processes, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In such climatic conditions, soluble salts accumulate in the soil, leading to deterioration in soil properties and ultimately reduced crop yield. The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between the level of soil salinity and the main spectral indicators obtained from Landsat satellite data. The studied area was the Maisky district, which is located in the southeastern part of the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan. The variants of the research were agricultural lands using sprinkler irrigation and flood irrigation, as well as sites without irrigation. To analyse the relationships, we used the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), salinity indices (SI) and soil indices such as SI 1, SI 2, SI 3, SI 4, normalized difference salinity index (NDSI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and brightness index (BI). The normalized difference salinity index (R-NIR)/(R + NIR), using a quadratic statistical relationship, showed the best correlation with the laboratory data. The vegetation index NDVI showed the weakest correlation due to dryness or poor crop growth. As a result of the lack of clear control over irrigation and agrotechnical measures, the indicators of cation exchange capacity in irrigated plots using the flooding method were higher than in other irrigation methods. During irrigation, it is necessary to ensure clear rules, according to which the supplied water and fertilizers will have a positive effect on the soil and the entire agroecosystem. The methods used in this research can be useful in mapping and studying saline soils using satellite data in natural and climatic conditions of arid and semi-arid regions. Keywords: arid regions, soil properties, salinity, irrigation, landsat image, remote sensing, vegetation Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 111-121 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/5/2024-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2024-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:19:y:2024:i:2:id:5-2024-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Magdalena Myszura-Dymek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science, Environment Engineering and Management, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Barbara Futa Author-Name: Grażyna Żukowska Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science, Environment Engineering and Management, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Klaudia Różowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Lesko Forest District, Łączki, Poland Author-Name: Norbert Błoński Author-Workplace-Name: Bieszczady Border Guard Unit named after Brig. Gen. Jan Tomasz Gorzechowski, Przemyśl, Poland Title: The use of enzyme assays to assess soil biodiversity of diverse land use systems integrating trees - Preliminary research Abstract: Most studies of agroforestry system biodiversity focus on assessing visible, aboveground biodiversity, largely ignoring soil biodiversity. To fill this gap, a preliminary assessment of soil biodiversity in an agroforestry system was undertaken based on changes in soil enzyme activity. The study was conducted in the village of Maziarnia, Lubelskie Voivodeship, Poland, Europe. Arable fields with spring wheat, mid-field trees and perennial mixed forest were selected for the study. Soil material for physicochemical analyses (pHH2O, pHKCl, sorption properties, total carbon and total nitrogen) and biochemical analyses (activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenases) was collected in the spring and autumn of 2022. The present study showed that the biochemical properties of the soils of the selected study sites varied depending on the type of ecosystem determining habitat conditions. Each ecosystem that makes up the agroforestry system studied is characterised by a distinctive microbiome composition and its own level of enzymatic activity. The obtained results support the thesis that agroforestry systems significantly increase the functional diversity and overall biodiversity of agricultural landscapes. However, a full, objective characterisation of the processes taking place in agroforestry systems requires long-term monitoring. Keywords: activity of soil enzymes, agroforestry systems, arable fields, mid-field trees, perennial mixed forest Journal: Soil and Water Research Pages: 122-131 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/16/2024-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2024-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-202402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:19:y:2024:i:2:id:16-2024-SWR