Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Skála Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Daniel Žížala Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Robert Minařík Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Balancing data quality in predictive geochemical mapping using machine learning: A Czech regional case study on topsoil nickel Abstract: Machine learning makes geochemical mapping highly adaptable, as its data-driven nature allows predictions to evolve with new information. In this study, topsoil nickel (Ni) data were compiled from various sources, each with different sampling times and analytical methods. To effectively use such imbalanced data into spatial modelling, it was necessary to test how the data uncertainty propagated through the final maps. A comprehensive benchmark of the quantile random forest algorithm was conducted to identify conditions under which the model performs optimally. Predictive maps of topsoil Ni at a 20-metre resolution were subsequently generated and compared using a multi-faceted evaluation strategy. This approach assessed how model adjustments - particularly those addressing the uncertainty introduced by the regression-based conversion of legacy measurements - affected the performance. Extensive benchmarking revealed that while out-of-sample validation showed only modest improvements (e.g., root mean square error (RMSE) reduced from 12.6 to 11.2 mg/kg) when modifying training data, covariates, or algorithm parameters, the resulting prediction grids differed substantially. The analysis also demonstrated that output variability across model scenarios occurred at different spatial scales: weighting approaches had localised effects, whereas high variability in the input data propagated more broadly across the region. Keywords: data uncertainty, prediction maps, topsoil geochemistry Journal: Soil and Water Research Number: 46981 Volume: preprint DOI: 10.17221/128/2025-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/128/2025-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-000004-6981.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:preprint:id:128-2025-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shuang Zhong Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province for Targeted Identification and Photocatalytic Degradation Materials, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Name: Ting-Ting Song Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, the Education Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Name: Yan QIN Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Name: Yun-Hui Li Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Author-Name: Xue-Yuan Bai Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Identification and Control, Jilin Normal University, Siping, P.R. China Title: Use of agricultural wastes to reduce toxicity effect of tetracycline on soil nematode community Abstract: In order to remove soil tetracycline residue and identify the effect of tetracycline on soil nematode community, agricultural waste returning was applied in a maize monocropping field, northeast China. The results showed that plant parasites were the dominant genera in high concentration of soil tetracycline; however, bacterivores were the dominant genera in all organic matter amendments. Maturity index, structure index and enrichment index showed the highest values in biochar and compost mixed amendments and these treatments had the highest tetracycline removal rate and the highest concentration of macro-aggregates, total organic C and available N, followed by biochar seperate amendments. Overall, biochar and compost mixed amendments efficiently reduced the risk of soil tetracycline pollution below the threshold, with the characteristics of cheap, improving soil fertility and above all, environmentally friendly. Keywords: antibiotic, manure, microfauna, soil pollution, soil remediation Journal: Soil and Water Research Number: 47488 Volume: preprint DOI: 10.17221/148/2025-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/148/2025-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-000004-7488.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:preprint:id:148-2025-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radka Kodešová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Alina Sadchenko Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Kočárek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Fér Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Helena Švecová Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Aleš Klement Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Antonín Nikodem Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jindřich Zelinka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marek Kučírek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lenka Pavlů Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vít Kodeš Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Roman Grabic Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Potential of micropollutants originated from irrigation water to contaminate soil and groundwater Abstract: Sorption of organic contaminants in soils and sediments is a crucial factor affecting their mobility in the vadose zone environment. Freundlich sorption isotherms were evaluated for six micropollutants identified in areas irrigated with river-water and sixteen soils. The highest Freundlich sorption coefficients, KF, were obtained for 1,3-diphenylguanidine (11.6 ± 5.0 cm3/nμg1-1/n/g) followed by triethyl citrate (4.57 ± 4.91), 4-acetamidoantipyrine (1.43 ± 0.24), 6 : 2 fluorinated telomer sulfonate (1.18 ± 0.42), benzo(d)thiazole-2-sulfonic acid (1.12 ± 0.33), and naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (0.28 ± 0.17). The KF values for the individual compounds were correlated with soil properties. Multiple linear regressions were used to derive equations for predicting the KF values using the soil properties. Sorption of cationic molecules was positively affected by cation exchange capacity or clay content, indicating strong sorption of cations on negatively charged sorption sites. Sorption of anionic molecules was positively correlated with organic carbon content and wettability index, suggesting hydrophobic interactions with soil organic matter. Anion sorption was also positively influenced by magnetic susceptibility, which could indicate sorption of anions on the positively charged sorption sites. Sorption of acids was in some cases also positively affected by cation exchange capacity, which could imply their sorption via cation bridges.  Keywords: identification of pollutants in the environment, industrial chemicals, soil properties, sorption isotherms, surfactants, pharmaceuticals', metabolites, vulcanization accelerators Journal: Soil and Water Research Number: 48245 Volume: preprint DOI: 10.17221/35/2026-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/35/2026-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-000004-8245.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:preprint:id:35-2026-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ni Made Trigunasih Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia Author-Name: Moh Saifulloh Author-Workplace-Name: Spatial Data Infrastructure Development Centre (PPIDS), Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia Author-Name: Ida Bagus Putu Bhayunagiri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia Author-Name: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain Author-Workplace-Name: Agroecotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Title: Linking seasonal fractional vegetation cover dynamics with soil organic carbon stock and microbial indicators in tropical agroecosystems Abstract: Reliable indicators of early soil biological change remain limited in tropical agroecosystems, where soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks may respond more slowly than microbial processes. We evaluated whether seasonal vegetation dynamics derived from Sentinel-2 fractional vegetation cover (FVC) are associated with spatial variation in SOC stock and microbial indicators in Jembrana, Bali, Indonesia. We mapped seasonal FVC from 2019 to 2024 and derived site-level metrics of mean cover and temporal variability (standard deviation, anomaly, coefficient of variation, and a temporal stability index). In July 2023, we sampled topsoil (0-30 cm) at 12 sites representing contrasting land uses and topographic settings. We calculated SOC stock from organic carbon concentration, bulk density, and sampling depth, and measured basal respiration and culturable microbial density (colony-forming units, CFU). Vegetation cover peaked consistently during the wet season (December to February), and mean site FVC ranged from 0.31 to 0.99. Mean FVC showed positive but non-significant associations with culturable microbial density (Spearman's ρ = 0.48, P = 0.114) and basal respiration (ρ = 0.29, P = 0.361), whereas higher vegetation variability metrics tended to coincide with lower culturable microbial density (ρ = -0.43 to -0.51, P = 0.090 to 0.163). SOC stock showed near-zero coefficients and no statistical evidence of association with vegetation metrics (ρ = 0.09, P = 0.781) or microbial indicators (ρ = 0.01, P = 0.975). Principal component analysis of FVC traits explained 99.65% of the variance and separated sites along a gradient from stable, high cover to more variable, lower cover. Overall, FVC stability metrics captured spatial differences that were directionally consistent with microbial indicators, but associations were not statistically significant in this dataset (n = 12). Larger, replicated studies with repeated soil sampling are required to evaluate whether seasonal FVC metrics have robust predictive utility for SOC stock and soil biological indicators. Keywords: biomass, carbon dynamics, land degradation, microbial activity, PCA, soil respiration, tropical soils Journal: Soil and Water Research Number: 46207 Volume: preprint DOI: 10.17221/96/2025-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2025-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-000004-6207.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:preprint:id:96-2025-SWR Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tolga Erdem Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Erhan Göçmen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Mehmet Şener Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Zafer Çoşkun Author-Workplace-Name: Tekirdağ Viticulture Research Institute, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Ahmet Semih Yaşasin Author-Workplace-Name: Tekirdağ Viticulture Research Institute, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Author-Name: Buse Önler Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Türkiye Title: Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of drip irrigated walnut trees in semi-arid climatic conditions, Türkiye Abstract: This study was conducted to find out the seasonal evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficient (Kc) for walnut trees (ages one to nine) that were grown with drip irrigation in Türkiye's semi-arid climate. Three different irrigation levels were applied at five-day intervals based on cumulative Class A pan evaporation using irrigation treatment coefficients (Kt = 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25) during the 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022, and 2023 growing seasons. The amount of irrigation water applied to the treatments varied from year to year according to the measured Class A pan evaporation amounts. The total amount of irrigation water applied to the treatment subjects varied between 371.7 mm and 619.6 mm as an average of eight years. Total ETc of walnut trees varied over the years depending on the applied irrigation water and measured rainfall. The total evapotranspiration estimated from the I2 treatment, representing the irrigation regime in which 100% of Class A pan evaporation was applied, fluctuated between 676.5 and 585.9 mm over the study years. The daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values are calculated as between 1.85 and 7.07 mm/day. The Kc values for walnut trees were calculated as 0.55 for April, 0.71 for May, 1.02 for June, 1.07 for July, 1.01 for August, and 0.74 for September on average. The research revealed that seasonal evapotranspiration and plant coefficient values can assist in calculating the water requirements of walnut trees and improve water management in semi-arid regions. Keywords: irrigation regimes, irrigation water use, precipitation, reference evapotranspiration Journal: Soil and Water Research Number: 45817 Volume: preprint DOI: 10.17221/72/2025-SWR File-URL: http://swr.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/72/2025-SWR.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/swr-000004-5817.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:preprint:id:72-2025-SWR