Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Milad Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: G. Kováč Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: O. Rácz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Šipulová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Bajová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Effect of vitamin E and selenium on blood glutathione peroxidase activity and some immunological parameters in sheep Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin E and selenium administration on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and selected parameters of cellular immunity (metabolic activity, phagocytic activity, lymphocyte blastogenic response). Nine pregnant sheep with body weight of 42 to 66 kg were divided into two groups. Before lambing, the first group (n = 5) was given subcutaneously 5 mg vitamin E and 0.4 mg selenium per kg body weight while the second group (n = 4) was given no treatment and served as control. Blood samples from all sheep were collected before the treatment, 14 days after lambing and 30 days after lambing. Whole blood GSH-Px activities were significantly higher in the vitamin E and selenium treated sheep than in the control in the samples taken 14 days after lambing and 30 days after lambing (P < 0.01; P < 0.001, respectively). The evaluation of immunological parameters showed declines in immunological parameters measured on days 14 and 30 after lambing. The administered preparation led to significant effects (P < 0.001; P < 0.05) on phagocytic activity index of leukocytes and phagocytic activity index of neutrophils, respectively. Keywords: sheep, glutathione preoxidase, selenium, vitamin E, cellular immunity Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 1-5 Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7843-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7843-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200101-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:1:id:7843-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Stosik Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Author-Name: W. Deptula Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Author-Name: M. Trávniček Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Title: Resistance in carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a natural bacterial infection Abstract: Sick carps, affected by acute or chronic forms of erythrodermatitis (CE) were studied. The studies were aimed at obtaining pathophysiological data which would permit evaluation of clinical status and prognosis in carps of various age (23 or 28 months). This was approached by estimation of the number of carps and of dynamics of changes in nonspecific humoral and cell mediated resistance and in levels of selected serum proteins. The ingesting index of neutrophilic granulocytes and percent of neutrophilic granulocytes capable of ingesting proved significantly higher in sick carps as compared to the healthy carps, at every age of carps and form of the disease. Metabolic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, expressed in the percentage of NBT+ cells was the same in carps with the acute CE form and in the control fish. On the other hand, in carps suffering from the chronic form of the disease a significant decrease in the number of cells was disclosed. NBT index and the amount of formazan in fishes with acute CE form demonstrated a decrease as compared to the corresponding values in control carps. Carps with the chronic CE form showed increases in the indices. The level of lysozyme (LZM) was higher in 23 or 28 months old carps with the acute CE form than in healthy fishes. In carps affected by the chronic CE form no significant differences in LZM levels were disclosed as compared to the healthy carps. MPO activity in the sick carps, particularly those with the acute form of CE, was significantly higher than in the control carps. On the other hand, serum globulin and total protein levels in the sick carps were lower than those in the control carps. The two indices showed a particularly extensive decrease in carps affected by acute form of the disease. When all the parameters estimated in fishes with acute CE forms were taken into account, no differences associated with age (23 or 28 months) were observed that could be related to tendencies and directions of the observed changes. Keywords: neutrophilic granulocytes, lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, serum proteins, sick carps Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 6-11 Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7844-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7844-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200101-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:1:id:7844-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Stosik Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Author-Name: W. Deptula Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Author-Name: M. Trávniček Author-Workplace-Name: Higher Pedagogical School, Zielona Góra, Poland Title: Studies on the number and ingesting ability of thrombocytes in sick carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) Abstract: Carps suffering from acute form of brachiomycosis (age: 2 months), chronic form of brachionecrosis cyprinorum (age: 12 months), acute form of erythrodermatitis (age: 23 and 28 months) or chronic form of erythrodermatitis (age: 23 months) were studied. The level of thrombocytes in carps with acute forms of the diseases was significantly lower than that in healthy carps. The inverse pattern was observed in carps with chronic forms of the diseases. Carps suffering from the acute form of erythrodermatitis (age: 23 and 28 months) demonstrated no differences in the level of thrombocytes which could be related to age or body weight of the animals. Index of thrombocyte ingesting ability and percent of ingesting thrombocytes were lowered in sick carps as compared to carp of control groups. A significant decrease in the parameters was disclosed, however, only in carps with acute forms of the diseases. Similarly to the level of thrombocytes, neither did the level of their ingesting ability demonstrate any differences which could be related to the age of carps suffering from the acute form of erythrodermatitis Keywords: level of thrombocytes, phagocytic activity of thrombocytes, sick carps Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 12-16 Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7845-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7845-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200101-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:1:id:7845-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Kummer Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mašková Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Čanderle Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Zralý Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Neča Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Machala Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Estrogenic effects of silymarin in ovariectomized rats Abstract: The objective of this study was to test whether silymarin induces changes indicative of estrogenic effects in gonadal organs of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Silymarin was administered in two experimental groups of OVX rats (n = 7 + 7) for 30 days at the doses of 25 or 50 mg per animal per day. OVX rats (n = 7) receiving 5 µg of 17b-estradiol (E2) for the last three days before killing and untreated OVX rats (n = 7) were used as the positive and the negative controls, respectively. Uterine and blood samples were collected immediately after killing. Compared with the negative controls, total and normalized uterine weights were significantly higher in the two experimental groups (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Uterotrophic effects of silymarin were also evident from increased heights of the luminal epithelium (P < 0.01) and the endometrium (P < 0.05). The response was dose-independent within the tested range. The strongest uterine response was observed in the OVX rats treated with E2. A highly significant decrease in mean density of estrogen receptor (ERa) immunostaining in the luminal and the glandular endometrial epithelia (P < 0.01) and a stronger ERa immunostaining in stromal cells were observed in the two experimental and the positive control groups. The activities of alkaline and acid phosphatases were significantly increased in the luminal (P < 0.05) and the glandular (P < 0.01) epithelia only in the rats treated with E2. Both silymarin and E2 induced an increase in thyroid hormone concentrations in blood serum. The rises of free T3 and T4 were significant (P < 0.05) in the group receiving 50 mg of silymarin per day. Hepatic oxidative metabolism of steroids was assumed to be another target of the action of silymarin. The mitochondrial cytochrome P450-dependent testosterone hydroxylase activity and the cytochrome P4501A-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the group receiving 50 mg of silymarin per day and in the E2-treated control group, respectively. However, the modulations of the CYP enzymes played only a minor role in the overall estrogenic effect of silymarin. Histological and functional alterations in the OVX rats treated orally with silymarin for 30 days were consistent with those seen in E2-treated rats and were indicative of estrogenic effects of silymarin. Keywords: silymarin, rat, uterus, estrogenic effect, estrogen receptor, cytochrome P450, thyroid hormones Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 17-23 Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7846-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7846-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200101-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:1:id:7846-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Beličková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Tkáčiková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: T. H Naas Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Vargová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Ondrašovič Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: O. Ondrašovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Obšitníková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Tóth Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Staphylococci plate counts in foods of milk origin Abstract: We have examined 35 samples of fine cottage cheese, 14 samples of whole winter "bryndza", 29 samples of Ondava cheese, 18 samples of skim kephir milk, 18 samples of whole acidophilous milk, 5 samples of yoghurt milk with strawberry flavour and 50 samples of fresh butter (Rajo) for the presence of staphylococci focusing onStaphylococcus aureus. All samples intended for microbiological analysis were taken directly from market establishments. None of the examined samples of yoghurt milk complied with the Codex Alimentarius because they contained Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on the level of 100, 65, 5, 75, and 60 CFU/ml. The other analysed food products satisfied the current standards with regard to the presence of staphylococci. Keywords: cows, sheep, milk products, staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 24-27 Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7847-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7847-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200101-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:1:id:7847-VETMED