Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Trávniček Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Kováčová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Zubrický Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Čisláková Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Serosurvey of sheep and goats to Chlamydia psittaci in Slovakia during the years 1996-2000 Abstract: In the Slovak Republic during the years 1996-2000, total 30 278 blood samples from sheep and 4 756 from goats were examined serologically by the method of a complement fixation. The IgG antibodies against Chlamydia psittaci in sheep and goats according to individual years were as follows: 1996 - 6.37% sheep/3.94% goats, 1997 - 9.25%/10.02%, 1998 - 9.57%/2.96%, 1999 - 7.91%/3.69%, 2000 - 10.99%/6.08%, respectively. In most clinically healthy animals, the low levels of IgG antibodies in dilution of 1 : 16 to 1 : 32 were detected. In sheep during the years of 1996, 1998, 1999 and 2000 the high levels of IgG antibodies 1 : 256 to 1 : 1 024 were caught unambiguously testify to the chlamydial abortion in sheep. In goats, the high titres were caught in 1997 and 2000 - 1 : 256 to 1 : 512, also confirm the chlamydial aetiology of the infectious process. Keywords: sheep, goats, Chlamydia psittaci, complement fixation, IgG antibodies Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 281-285 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7895-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7895-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7895-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Sahin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Control and Research Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: K. Sahin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Control and Research Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: O. Küçük Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Control and Research Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Elazig, Turkey Title: Effects of vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation on performance, thyroid status and serum concentrations of some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32 degrees C) Abstract: An experiment on Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on broiler performance and serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), adrenocorticotropine hormone (ACTH) and some metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replications of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15 000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamin A and E (15 000 IU retinol plus 250 mg of alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet). Considered separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin A and vitamin E increased feed intake (P = 0.01) and live weight gain (P = 0.03). However, feed efficiency remained similar in all treatments (P= 0.18). Serum T3 and T4 concentrations were also higher (P ≤ 0.001) with vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin A plus vitamin E groups than those of the control. However, ACTH concentration in serum was lower (P ≤ 0.001) in supplemental dietary vitamin groups compared with control. Serum glucose, uric acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations decreased (P ≤ 0.001) while protein and albumin concentrations increased (P ≤ 0.001) when both dietary vitamin E and vitamin A were supplemented. Serum activities of serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were not influenced by dietary vitamin E, vitamin A nor by a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E (P > 0.72). However, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) increased (P ≤ 0.001) with supplemental dietary vitamin E, vitamin A, or a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E. In addition, supplemental dietary vitamin E and vitamin A resulted in an increase in serum concentrations of both Ca and P (P ≤ 0.001). In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. The results of the present study show that supplementing a combination of dietary vitamin E and vitamin A offers a good management practice to reduce heat stress-related decreases in broiler performance. Keywords: heat stress, vitamin E, vitamin A, broilers, performance, blood parameters Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 286-292 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7894-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7894-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7894-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Mezerová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Kabeš Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Žert Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Jahn Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hanák Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Impaction of right dorsal colon in the horse: report of 32 cases Abstract: Acute as well as chronic and recurrent colic episodes were caused by right dorsal colon (RDC) impaction in 7.98% of all colic patients. Significantly higher statistical evidence was figured out in hucul horses, mares and 7-year-old animals. Diagnosis of RDC impaction was established on the basis of rectal palpation (68.75%) or laparotomy (31.25%). Yield of rectal palpation was limited by a difficult accessability of RDC, small body frame of the animal, severe abdominal pain and by further physiological or pathological changes in abdominal cavity. Simple RDC impaction was diagnosed in 16 (50%) of 32 cases, in 9 horses the impaction associated with the large colon displacement or torsion. In 4 horses also small colon impaction together with RDC impaction and in 3 horses impaction of another GIT part were found. Clinical signs of disease were influenced by these pathological findings. In two cases the diagnosis sand impaction was established during laparotomy. RDC impaction was treated conservatively in some patients (28.13%), however in most patients surgery was needed (65.63%). Conservative therapy was successful in the horses with short duration of disease and in cases, where the RDC impaction was the only pathological finding without associated complications. As indicators for surgery were chronic course of disease, high degree of general health alteration, severe abdominal pain with no reaction to analgesics, cases where the strangulation could not be excluded by rectal palpation or another lesions that cannot be treated conservatively and/or unsuccessful conservative therapy. The surgery was used in 21 cases (65.63%). 17 patients recovered from anestesia, 1 horse was destroyed in 14 days due to the repeated impaction. Complications, that were associated with surgery in the group of patients with RDC impaction, occur also during surgical treatment in all type of colic patients. In 2 mares the abortion occurred, in 3 horses the convalescence time have been complicated by diarrhoea, and in 1 horse by acute laminitis. Surgical wound infection was a cause of ventral hernia in 1 horse. 25 horses from all 32 cases hospitalised and treated either conservatively or surgically were passed to home care (78.12%). On the basic of obtained results there is possible to evaluate the prognosis in patients with acute and simple impaction as favourable and in patients in which the disease was complicated by further pathology as obscured. Chronic recurrent impaction was diagnosed repeatedly (3×) in one horse, that did not respond to the conservative treatment and surgery provided the only short time solution. Therefore the prognosis in this case was evaluated as not advanced. Keywords: horse, colic, right dorsal colon, treatment Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 293-300 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7892-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7892-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7892-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Rajmon Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Sedmíková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Jílek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Koubková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Härtlová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Bárta Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Šmerák Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agricultural University in Prague, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech Republic Title: Combined effects of repeated low doses of aflatoxin B-1 and T-2 toxin on the Chinese hamster Abstract: The aim of this work was to find out how repeated low doses of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin would influence the Chinese hamster and if the amplifying of these effects would occur with the application of both toxins together. The animals were treated with 10 ml/kg of 7% dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO) in the control group (C), 1.0 mg/kg of AFB1 in group A, 1.0 mg/kg of T-2 toxin in group T2, and 1.0 mg/kg of AFB1 + 1.0 mg/kg of T-2 toxin in group T2/A. All mycotoxins were dissolved in 10 ml/kg of 7% DMSO. These doses were administered intragastrically twice a week for a period of three weeks. General health condition, histological picture of some internal organs, some biochemical blood serum indicators of liver and kidney functions, and leucogram were monitored. No differences in prosperity or weight gains appeared during the course of the experiment. The histological examination did not show any changes in the investigated organs in any experimental group. On the contrary, differences were found in the biochemical blood serum profile. ALT and AST activities decreased significantly in T2/A group animals compared with the other medicated groups (T2 - 24.46 µkat/l; 45.18 µkat/l; A - 18.17; 41.84; T2/A - 4.74; 14.21). A similar decrease appeared in GMT activity as well, but it was significant only in comparison with the T2 group (T2 - 0.6 µkat/l; T2/A - 0.25). ALP activity was increased in the experimental groups compared with the control, significantly in the T2 group (C - 5.0 µkat/l; T2 - 6.92). LDH activity was lower in the T2 and T2/A groups, significantly when the T2/A group was compared with the A group (A - 94.05 µkat/l; T2/A - 37.48). The cholesterol level was significantly increased in group A compared with the C and T2 groups. A smaller increase in the T2/A group was significant when compared with the T2 group as well (C - 3.05 mmol/l; T2 - 2.85; A - 3.59; T2/A - 3.27). Total and conjugated bilirubin concentrations decreased in group order A - C - T2 - T2/A, when differences among the A, T2 and T2/A groups were significant (T2 - 1.0 mmol/l; 0.36 mmol/l; A - 2.36; 0.85; T2/A - 0.69; 0.21). A glycemia decrease in medicated groups was significant in the T2/A group, while it approached a significant level in the T2 group (C - 10.46 mmol/l; T2 - 9.01; T2/A - 8.91). The main liver condition indicators seemed to be influenced by the T-2 toxin and AFB1 combination more than by individually applied toxins. We assume the amplification of the mycotoxin effects on proteosynthesis. The ALT activity especially was probably influenced more than in the additive manner. All the medicated groups showed a significant increase in the monocyte percent count (T2 - 9.8%; A - 9.62; T2/A - 8.85; C - 6.65). The differences observed in other leucocyte types were not significant. There were no differences in the effects of individual mycotoxins and their combination on the leucogram level. Keywords: mycotoxin, trichothecens, interaction, genotoxicity, biochemistry, differential count, histology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 301-307 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7893-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7893-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7893-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Dvorská Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Bartoš Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: G. Martin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: W. Erler Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Strategies for differentiation, identification and typing of medically important species of mycobacteria by molecular methods Abstract: Molecular biology methods offer new opportunities to differentiate, identify and type bacterial species and strains. These methods use the variability of nucleic sequences of genes such as 16S rDNA, beta subunit RNA-ase (rpoB), gyrase (gyrB), rDNA internal transcribed spacer and other genes. The aim of this paper is to provide comprehensive information about the methods available to differentiate and identify species of mycobacteria at the DNA sequence level. The methods discussed in the review include PCR, PCR-REA, sequencing analysis, spoligotyping and DNA fingerprinting. These methods have been applied to both the "universal" part of the genome and to specific mycobacterial genes. Keywords: human, bovine and avian tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, avian mycobacteriosis, Johne's diseases, 16S rDNA, internal transcribed spacer 16S-23S rDNA, insertion sequence, PCR, PCR-REA, RFLP, sequencing analysis, spoligotyping, repeat sequence Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 309-328 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7890-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7890-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7890-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Hruška Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Hypotheses on the origin and transmission of BSE Abstract: EC Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General recently published an important document based on papers and reviews discussed by members of TSE/BSE ad hoc group. In this review the Executive Summary and Tables of Contents of Part I and II are printed with permission. For full text and references see the web page mentioned in references. Keywords: bovine spongiform encephalopathy, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, TSE, BSE Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 329-332 Volume: 46 Issue: 11-12 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/7891-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7891-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200111-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:46:y:2001:i:11-12:id:7891-VETMED