Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Czaja Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn-Kortowo II, Poland Title: Immunohistochemical characterization of efferent neurons innervating the oviduct in the pig located in the sympathetic chain ganglia Abstract: The present study was aimed at disclosing the pattern(s) of putative co-incidence of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine -hydroxylase (DH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) within the porcine "oviductal" efferent neurons using combined retrograde tracing and double-labelling immunohistochemistry. The fluorescent retrograde tracer Fast Blue (FB) was injected into the wall of the ampullar (n = 5) and isthmal (n = 5) part of the organ in ten sexually immature female pigs. After a survival period of three weeks sympathetic chain ganglia (SCG) were collected. 10 µm-thick cryostat sections of the ganglia were examined for the presence of FB-positive (FB+) nerve cells under the fluorescent microscope. Tracered neurons were processed for double-labelling immunofluorescence according to the method of Wessendorf and Elde. Retrograde labelling revealed a population of "oviductal" efferent neurons located in the thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) SCG at the level of T14 to L5. Double-labelling immunofluorescence allowed several subpopulations of the studied perikarya to be distinguished. The largest one consisted of TH+/DH+ (immunopositive) nerve cells. The moderate number of FB+ nerve cells expressed TH/NPY- immunoreactivity (IR). The tracered neurons did not show SP, CGRP and NOS immunoreactivity. Because identically coded nerve fibres have been observed within the wall of the porcine oviduct it can be assumed that TH+/DH+ or TH+/NPY+ neurons are involved in the control the oviductal tonus and ovum transport. Keywords: sympathetic chain ganglia, oviduct, pig, immunohistochemistry, tracing Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 85-91 Volume: 47 Issue: 4 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5809-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5809-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200204-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:4:id:5809-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Šatrán Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Nedbalcová Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Prevalence of serotypes, production of Apx toxins, and antibiotic resistance in strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated in the Czech Republic Abstract: Results of serotyping of 122 strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated on 21 swine farms in the Czech Republic from January 1999 to December 2000 are presented. The highest prevalence was found for serotype 9 (n = 81, 66.4%), followed by serotype 2 (n = 19, 15.7%). Serotypes 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, and 12 were identified only sporadically. Twenty-six of the isolates were tested for gene-toxic profiles and haemolytic and cytotoxic activities. The investigations confirmed the association between serotype on the one hand and apx genotype and Apx phenotype on the other hand. Results of tests of resistance to antibiotic by the disc diffusion method have justified the apprehension of development of resistance due to long-term treatment with antibiotics. Strains with full or intermediary resistance against all the commonly used penicillin- and tetracycline-type antibiotics were found. None of the strains was resistant to florfenicol, norfloxacin, or cefalotine. Keywords: porcine pleuropneumonia, apx toxin, PCR, pneumonia, antibiotics, pig, Czech Republic Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 92-98 Volume: 47 Issue: 4 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5810-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5810-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200204-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:4:id:5810-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Tefera Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Smola Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The utility of the ENTERORapid 24 kit for the identification of P. multocida and M. haemolytica Abstract: ENTERORapid 24 kit (PLIVA-Lachema, Czech Republic) was used for the identification of 321 strains isolated from the respiratory tract of different animal species in the CzechRepublic and Ethiopia. A total of 207 ( 64.5%) strains were identified at the species level within 4 to 8 hours of incubation. In the same way, 39 (12.1%) strains were successfully classified at the genus level. The remaining strains (23.4%) were not identified nor classified to the family Pasteurellaceae. On the other hand, the accuracy of the ENTERORapid 24 kit for the identification of P. multocida and M. haemoyltica was observed using 9 reference strains and the identification results were compaired with the results of the RapiD 20E kit (bioMérieux, France), which required an overall examination time of 4 hours. According to our observation, the ENTERO Rapid 24 kit is the fastest system forthe identification of P. multocida and M. haemolytica strains within 4 to 8 hours with a correct identification rate at thespecies level, with and without additional tests. For these reasons, we propose its modification for rapid identificaton of P. multocida, M. haemolytica and related bacterial species from the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from different animal species. Keywords: P. multocida, M. haemolytica, Pasteurellaceae, Rapid identification, commercial kits Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 99-103 Volume: 47 Issue: 4 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5811-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5811-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200204-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:4:id:5811-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Novotná Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Škardová Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Brachyspira hyodysenteriae: detection, identification and antibiotic susceptibility Abstract: 101 samples of faeces, colonic mucosa and rectal swabs taken from 100 pigs (29 commercial herds) were cultivated on Trypticase Soy Agar with 5% of sheep blood, spectinomycin (200 mg/l), vancomycin (50 mg/l), rifampicin (12.5 mg/l) and colistin (12.5 mg/l). Plates were incubated in an anaerobic container at 37°C for 5-7 days. 25 samples (10 faeces, 15 scrapings of colonic mucosa) were examined by darkfield microscopy for the presence of spirochaetes. In 80 samples (21 faeces, 31 rectal swabs, 28 scrapings of colonic mucosa) from diarrhoeic pigs 44 isolates of spirochaetes were identified by PCR method as Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. In 21 samples (20 rectal swabs, 1 scraping of colonic mucosa) taken from apparently healthy pigs in herds with swine dysentery were isolated weakly haemolytic spirochaetes: B. intermedia in 5 samples and phenotypic group III brachyspirae in 4 samples. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tylosin, tiamulin and valnemulin was determined by the agar dilution method. To tylosin 16 out of 17 strains of B. hyodysenteriae were resistant (MIC 64 and 256 µg/l), one strain was susceptible (MIC l µg/ml). To tiamulin 17 out of 19 strains were susceptible (MIC from 0.016 to 0.25 µg/ml), one strain was intermediately susceptible (MIC 2 µg/ml) and one resistant (MIC 32 µg/ml). To valnemulin 17 out of 19 strains were susceptible (MIC from 0.016 to 0.064 µg/ml), one strain was intermediately susceptible (MIC2µg/ml) and one was resistant (MIC 8 µg/ml). Valnemulin resistant strain was also resistant to tiamulin. Keywords: pigs, dysenteries, isolation, identification, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, weakly haemolytic spirochaetes, PCR, MIC, tiamulin, tylosin, valnemulin Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 104-109 Volume: 47 Issue: 4 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5812-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5812-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200204-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:4:id:5812-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Sahin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: O. Kucuk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: N. Sahin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: M. F Gursu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Title: Optimal dietary concentration of vitamin E for alleviating the effect of heat stress on performance, thyroid status, ACTH and some serum metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers Abstract: An experiment utilizing Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (d1--to- copheryl acetate) supplementation at various concentrations (0, 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg of diet) on performance and serum concentrations of Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxin (T4), Adrenocorticotropine Hormone (ACTH), and some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 150 male broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The birds received either a basal diet or basal diet supplemented with vitamin E at 62.5, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg of diet. Increased supplemental vitamin E linearly increased feed intake (P = 0.01), live weight gain (P = 0.01), and improved feed efficiency linearly (P = 0.001). Increasing dietary vitamin E supplementation also resulted in linear increases in serum T3 and T4 concentrations (P = 0.01) but, linear decreases in ACTH concentration (P = 0.01). Serum glucose, uric acid, triglycerides, and cholesterol concentrations decreased linearly (P = 0.001) while, protein and albumin concentrations increased linearly (P = 0.001) when dietary vitamin E supplementation increased. Serum activities of Serum Glutamic Oxalate Transaminase (SGOT) and Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) were not influenced by dietary vitamin E supplementation (P > 0.10). However, serum activity of Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) increased linearly (P = 0.001) with increasing dietary vitamin E supplementation. Increasing dietary vitamin E supplementation also caused linear increases (P = 0.001) in serum concentrations of Ca and P. Results of the present study conclude that a 250 mg/kg of vitamin E provides an optimal performance in broiler chicks reared under heat stress, and vitamin E supplementation at such a level can be considered as a protective management practice in a broiler diet, reducing the negative effects of heat stress. Keywords: thyroxin, triiodothyronine, chicken, vitamin E, nutrition, heat stress Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 110-116 Volume: 47 Issue: 4 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5813-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5813-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200204-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:4:id:5813-VETMED