Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Svastova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Bartos Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Rapid differentiation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by amplification of insertion element IS901 Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the specificity of primers designed to detect the insertion element IS901 commonly used in differentiation of Mycobacterium avium complex strains. This study shows that one of these primers non-specifically anneals to a sequence inside insertion element IS900, specific IS of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and to another sequence flanking this element. The resulting non-specific amplicon can be a product of amplification from some M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains and can simulate the presence of insertion element IS901 in these strains. However size difference between specific and non-specific amplicons allows such false-positive results to be distinguished. In addition the single PCR allows a rapid and simple differentiation between IS901+ M. avium subsp. avium and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains. Keywords: IS901, IS900, PCR, Johne's diseases, avian tuberculosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 117-121 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5814-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5814-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200205-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:5:id:5814-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: M. Machackova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: W. Yayo Ayele Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: J. Lamka Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: I. Parmova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: I. Melicharek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: M. Hanzlikova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: B. Körmendy Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: G. Nagy Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: Z. Cvetnic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: M. Ocepek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Author-Name: M. Lipiec Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: pavlik@vri.cz; machackova@vri.cz; wuhib@vri.cz Title: Incidence of bovine tuberculosis in wild and domestic animals other than cattle in six Central European countries during 1990-1999 Abstract: The study was undertaken in Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia laying between Baltic and Adriatic seas on 610 402 km2. Mycobacterium bovis infection was diagnosed in 70 animals belonging to 17 species other than cattle. The set of wild animals comprised 12 European bison (Bison bonasus), one red deer (Cervus elaphus), five wild boars (Sus scrofa), and one European wild goat (Capra aegagrus) bred in a game park. Further positive animals included two farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) and one bactrian camel (Camelus ferus) owned by a circus. The infection was also demonstrated in 18 domestic animals belonging to 3 species living on farms where bovine tuberculosis was diagnosed in cattle. This set included 12 domestic pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica), two domestic sheep (Ovis ammon f. aries), and four dogs (Canis lupus f. familiaris). The set of animals bred in zoological gardens consisted of 30 animals belonging to 9 species as follows: three bison (Bison bison), four tapirs (Tapirus terrestris), one cassowary (Casuarius casuarius - isolate identified by the biological assay in guinea pigs only), eight sitatungas (Tragelaphus spekei), three elands (Taurotragus oryx), one gnu (Connochaetes taurinus), eight reticulated giraffes (Giraffa cameloparadlis reticulata), one puma (Puma concolor), and one Vietnamese pot-bellied pig (Sus bucculentus). Although, considering the population sizes, absolute numbers of the infected individuals are rather low, wild animals or such animals bred in captivity should be regarded as possible reservoirs of the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. Tests for bovine tuberculosis are therefore necessary before transportation of all wild animals. Any lesion arousing suspicion of tuberculosis found on necropsy of wild animals must be laboratory examined for the presence of mycobacteria. Keywords: Mycobacterium bovis, veterinary epidemiology, zoological gardens, game parks, farmed deer, wild animals Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 122-131 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5815-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5815-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200205-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:5:id:5815-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Alexa Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Štouraová Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hamík Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Salajka Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Gene typing of the colonisation factors F18 of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets suffering from post-weaning oedema disease Abstract: Production of verotoxin Stx2e and expression of F18 and K88 colonisation factors were investigated in 222 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from weaned piglets. Sixty-two, 30, and 11 of the 129 verotoxigenic strains were classified to the serogroups O139, O141, and O157, respectively. Other serogroups were identified only sporadically and sixteen strains were unclassifiable. No colonisation factors were detectable in 15 (24.2%) of the 62 verotoxigenic strains classified with the serogroup O139. The fedA gene shared by the colonisation factors F18 was detected by PCR in 47 of the O139 strains (all but one F18ab). Gene fedA, in which the amplification product was digested with endonuclease NgoMI (F18ac), was peculiar to the serogroup O141. No colonisation factors were detected in 19 (14.7%) strains. Genes encoding the colonisation factors F18ac and F18ab were demonstrated in 22 (23.7%) and 11 (11.8%), of the 93 nonverotoxigenic and mostly enterotoxigenic strains, respectively. Keywords: oedema disease, pig, colonisation factors, Stx2e toxin, PCR Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 132-136 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5816-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5816-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200205-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:5:id:5816-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Ciganek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Ulrich Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Nea Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Raszyk Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Exposure of pig fatteners and dairy cows to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Abstract: Exposure of pig fatteners and dairy cows to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated by analyses of selected indoor and outdoor samples. PAH concentrations (16 U.S. EPA priority PAHs) and data on common exposure routes were used for exposure calculations. The samples under study included water (n = 24), feed (n = 48), indoor air (n = 15), barn dust (n = 17), outdoor air (n = 6) road dust (n = 17), and soil (n = 15) collected in the summer 1999 and in the spring 2000 on 3 pig and 2 dairy cattle farms. The following mean concentrations of 16 PAHs were found: 100 ng/l in water for pigs, 38 ng/l in water for cows, 82 µg/kg in feed mixtures for pigs, 128 µg/kg in feed concentrates for cows, 278 µg/kg in forages for dairy cows, 25 ng/m3 in indoor air of pig houses, 59 ng/m3 in indoor air of cow houses, 676 µg/kg in dust collected in pig houses, 4 475 µg/kg in dust collected in cow houses, 16 ng/m3 in outdoor air of pig houses, 29 ng/m3 in outdoor air of cow houses, 4 711 µg/kg in road dust collected on pig farms, 15 175 µg/kg in road dust collected on cattle farms, 826 µg/kg in soil collected around pig houses, and 1 356 µg/kg in soil collected around cow houses. The total intake of 16 PAHs in the diet of cows and pigs was 14 156 µg and 164 µg PAHs per day, respectively. The exposure of cows to PAHs was 86 times higher than that of pigs. Feed was the major source of PAHs for both species (approximately 99%). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration was used as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs. The mean total amount of 1-hydroxypyrene excreted per day in porcine (2 l) and bovine (13 l) urine was 14.5 µg and 1 595 µg, respectively, which was 3.2% and 11.9% of pyrene intake. Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, air, feed, drinking water, dust, soil, exposure Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 137-142 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5817-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5817-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200205-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:5:id:5817-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Necidová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Renová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Counter immunoelectrophoresis: a simple method for the detection of species-specific muscle proteins in heat-processed products Abstract: Counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was used for the detection of species-specific muscle proteins in food products. This technique allowed the detection of pork, beef, poultry, or and kangaroo meats in heat-processed products at concentrations below 1.5%. CIE is based on the use of species-specific polyclonal antibodies prepared by immunisation of rabbits with heat-stable antigens extracted from visibly fat-free muscular tissue heated to 75°C, 100°C, or 120°C for 30 minutes. Adulterations in terms of declared product compositions were demonstrated by this method in 7 of the 50 tested commercial products. Keywords: counter-immunoelectrophoresis, muscle protein, thermostable antigen, antiserum, heat-processed meat products Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 143-147 Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/5818-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5818-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200205-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:47:y:2002:i:5:id:5818-VETMED