Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Pavlata Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Prasek Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Filipek Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Pechova Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Influence of parenteral administration of selenium and vitamin E during pregnancy on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality in dairy cows at parturition Abstract: The aim of the present work was to study the influence of different dose of parenteral administration selenium and vitamin E in dairy cows prior to parturition on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality. A total of 19 dairy cows from a farm with selenium deficiency were included in the study. The cows were divided in 3 groups (C, E1, and E2). In group E1 a product containing selenium and vitamin E (Selevit inj. a.u.v.) was administered IM four weeks prior to the expected date of parturition. In group E2 the same product was administered twice, eight and four weeks prior to parturition. Group C consisted of control animals to which no product was administered. On the day of parturition samples of blood and first colostrum were collected for laboratory examination. Concentrations of selenium were determined in blood andthat ofvitamin E, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and activities of enzymes detecting muscular damage (CK, AST, LD) were determined in serum. Colostrum was analysed to determine the concentrations of selenium, vitamin E, immunoglobulins, as well as to determine its density. The occurrence of the disease during the first month after parturition was evaluated in all groups. Higher concentrations of selenium and vitamin E were found in the samples (experimental groups E1 and E2) collected on the day of parturition. Group E2 showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher T3 concentration compared to groups C and E1 (3.05 ± 0.42 nmol/l vs 1.88 ± 0.71 and 1.81 ± 0.30 nmol/l, respectively). The same pattern was confirmed for immunoglobulins concentrations in colostrum (34.08 ± 5.93 U ZST vs 22.87 ± 5.41 and 21.38 ± 8.33 U ZST, respectively). Compared to group C, cows in group E2 also showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher concentrations of selenium in colostrum (45.43 ± 10.56 vs 29.29 ± 8.42 µg/l). The administration of selenium and vitamin E did not influence other parameters evaluated in the study. During the first 30 days of the postpartum period a trend of lower occurrence of mastitis was observed in group E2 compared to both group C and E1 (no case of mastitis compared to 5 and 4 cases of treated mastitis, respectively). Keywords: cattle, immunoglobulins, thyroid hormones, T3, mastitis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 149-155 Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5689-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5689-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200405-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:5:id:5689-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Lobova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Cizek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Bactericidal efficacy of two disinfectants against Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and one feed supplement against B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli Abstract: In vitro tests were used to evaluate bactericidal efficacy of two disinfectants on the basis of peroxygen compounds against one type strain and one field isolate of B. hyodysenteriae. Mean bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the two products ascertained with and without the load of organic matter of sterile pig faeces were several times lower than the recommended application concentrations. Bactericidal efficacy of an extract of citric seeds (feed supplement) against type strains of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli, with six field isolates of B. hyodysenteriae and three field isolates of B. pilosicoli was also demonstrated, and its MBCs were determined. It was further determined that after 10 minutes exposure of 10% sterile pig faeces to field isolate and type strain of B. hyodysenteriae the efficacy of both disinfectants was 16 times higher than the concentration recommended by the manufacturer. The bactericide effect of citrus fruit extracts was exhibited at 0.05% concentrations after 5 min exposure, which is the same as recommended by the manufacturer. Keywords: swine dysentery, porcine intestinal spirochetosis, disinfectants Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 156-160 Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5690-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5690-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200405-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:5:id:5690-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Bartos Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. O. Falkinham III Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterial catalases, peroxidases, and superoxide dismutases and their effects on virulence and isoniazid-susceptibility in mycobacteria - a review Abstract: Mycobacteria are intracellular bacterial parasites which survive and proliferate inside of macrophages for long periods of time. Because mycobacterial survival in macrophages is required for virulence, a great deal of effort has been focused on identifying the genetic and physiologic determinants of intracellular survival and growth. A number of factors, among them catalases, peroxidases, and superoxide dismutase have been suggested as agents permitting mycobacteria to overcome the intracellular defences of macrophages. The characteristic features of mycobacterial catalase/peroxidases and superoxide dismutase, their distribution within the genus Mycobacterium, and their mutual interactions in the inactivation of toxic oxygen products are reviewed. Focus is placed on evidence of the role of mycobacterial catalase-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in virulence and on the role of catalase-peroxidase in susceptibility to isonicotinic acid hydrazide. Keywords: tuberculosis, antituberculotic drugs, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, therapy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 161-170 Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5691-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5691-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200405-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:5:id:5691-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Vitasek Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Administration, Prague, Czech Republic Title: A review of rabies elimination in Europe Abstract: The rabies situation has changed drastically in all European countries where oral vaccination campaigns of red foxes against rabies have been implemented. All types of oral vaccines used have shown to be highly efficacious, enabling rabies elimination over large areas. Several countries are already declared rabies-free according to the internationally conditions set and other countries are in the final stage of this process. In this review, the rabies situation in a number of selected European countries is described, with special emphasis on oral vaccination. Keywords: rabies, red fox, vaccine bait, oral vaccination Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 171-185 Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5692-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5692-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200405-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:5:id:5692-VETMED