Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Ocal Author-Workplace-Name: , A. A 2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: M. Yuksel Author-Workplace-Name: , A. A 2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: A. Ayar Author-Workplace-Name: , A. A 2 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Title: Gentamycin inhibition of kcl-induced contractions of myometrium isolated from non-pregnant and pregnant cows Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gentamycin on KCl-induced contractions of myometrium isolated from both non-pregnant and pregnant cows. Myometrial strips were isolated from non-pregnant and pregnant cows and suspended in a jacketed organ bath filled with Krebs' solution at 37°C (pH 7.4) continuously bubbled with 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide; isometric contractions were recorded using an isometric force displacement transducer. After manifestation of spontaneous contractions, KCl (60 mM) was applied to the bath and the effects of gentamycin (300 µM, 600 µM) on the amplitude (g) and frequency of KCl-induced contractions were evaluated in 10-minute intervals. Data were statistically analysed using Student's t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Gentamycin inhibited the frequency and amplitude of KCl-induced contractions in a concentration dependent manner. At 300 µM and 600 µM, gentamycin significantly inhibited the amplitude and reduced the frequency of contractions of myometrium isolated from both pregnant and non-pregnant cows. However, an increase in the extracellular Ca+ ion concentration virtually reversed this blockade. The results of this in vitro study indicate that gentamycin inhibits KCl-induced contractions of myometrium isolated from both non-pregnant and pregnant cows. Keywords: gentamycin, myometrium, KCl, contraction, cow Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 401-405 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5729-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5729-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5729-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. I B Cadmus Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Author-Name: N. N Atsanda Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Author-Name: S. O Oni Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Author-Name: E. E U Akang Author-Workplace-Name: University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Title: Bovine tuberculosis in one cattle herd in Ibadan in Nigeria Abstract: Bovine tuberculosis was investigated in one private herd with 171 cattle after five cases were suspected to be tuberculous following post mortem examination. Using the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test 18 (10.5%) animals (ages from 2 to 12 years) were positive: 11 animals of N'dama breed and seven animals of White Fulani (i.e. Bunaji) breed; 17 female and one male animal. In all 11 randomly selected positive reactors, a spectrum of tuberculous lesions affecting the lungs, spleen, heart, liver, and the lymph nodes were observed. All the smear samples obtained were positive for acid-fast bacilli; cultural isolation confirmed the growth of mycobacteria on pyruvate-enriched Loewenstein-Jensen medium, which were identified by molecular typing to be Mycobacterium bovis. This study demonstrates widespread infection in this cattle herd and potential risk of infection for the human population with M. bovis. Keywords: Africa, zoonosis, tuberculous lesions distribution Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 406-412 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5730-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5730-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5730-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Yerlikaya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A. Ozen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A. Yasar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A. Armutak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: R. Ozturk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: S. Bayrak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A. Gezman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: I. Seker Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary History, Deontology and Ethics, 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Title: A survey of attitudes of Turkish veterinary students and educators about animal use in research Abstract: In this study, veterinary students and veterinary educators from FiratVeterinarySchool,IstanbulVeterinarySchool andSelcukVeterinarySchool were surveyed to evaluate their attitudes to animal use in research. Data were collected from 330 students and 204 educators by personal interviews. All participants showed anthropocentric attitudes toward animal use in research. Most of the participants agreed on items regarding the animal tests being easier, more scientific, more common, more economical and more reliable than alternative methods, but they also signified that they did not agree with the item indicating that theanimal experimentation is more conscience. In conclusion, we can state that both the veterinary students and the educators are in a complete dilemma in the discussions regarding the animal experimentation. In order to avoid the negative circumstances that can arise from this dilemma, it could be said that veterinary schools should be supported in this aspect with related courses to be included within their curriculum. Keywords: experimental animal, ethics, Turkey Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 413-420 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5731-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5731-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5731-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Rauser Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Lexmaulova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vlasin Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Fichtel Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Lorenzova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of epidural administration of lidocaine, fentanyl and their combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane in dogs Abstract: The efficacy of lidocaine, fentanyl, combination of both (2 mg/kg of lidocaine, along with fentanyl in the dose of 0.005 mg/kg) and saline (as a control) administered epidurally to 40 healthy dogs was under investigation, regarding their influence on minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of halothane. Basic vital parameters, such as heart rate, respiratory rate, saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen and end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 were recorded. Minimum alveolar concentration of halothane after administration of lidocaine (0.75 ± 0.24%), or the lidocaine/fentanyl combination (0.43 ± 0.08%) was found to be significantly lower (p < 0.05) compare to control group (1.15 ± 0.20%). However, we have not found significant difference in the group given fentanyl alone (0.95 ± 0.35%) compare to control group. Mutual relationship between epidurally given lidocaine and fentanyl (same route of administration) can be called as simply additive. There were no significant deviations in basic parameters within groups. We conclude that epidural administration of combination of these drugs we are able to reduce the dose of general anesthetics, which is important in management of critically ill patients. Keywords: MAC, lignocaine, peridural, intrathecal, analgesia, anaesthesia Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 421-426 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5732-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5732-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5732-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Jahn Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Dvorska Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Bartos Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Novotny Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Halouzka Author-Workplace-Name: , P. J 2, L. D 1, M. B 1, L. N 2, R. H 2 1Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterial infections in horses: a review of the literature Abstract: Mycobacterial infections are rarely diagnosed in horses. Nevertheless, it was possible to obtain noteworthy information on diagnosis, manifold clinical signs and epidemiological relationships from available literature. It has been more than 60 years since a review dealing with this topic was published. Based on literature analysis, it was found that after bovine tuberculosis control in cattle and other animals in Central Europe, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) members were the most commonly found causal agents of mycobacterial infections in horses. At present, mycobacterial infections caused both by M. tuberculosis complex and MAC are occasionally diagnosed in horses inCentral Europe. Finally, under certain conditions, horses may become a source of mycobacterial infections for other animal species or for immunocompromised humans Keywords: avian mycobacteriosis, zoonosis, vector, Czech Republic, PCR, RFLP, IS901, IS1245, M. a. hominissuis, M .a. paratuberculosis, .M. intracellulare, M. bovis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 427-440 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5733-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5733-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5733-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Hariharan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada Author-Name: G.A. Murphy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada Author-Name: I. Kempf Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada Title: Campylobacter jejuni: Public health hazards and potential control methods in poultry: a review Abstract: Certain strains of Campylobacter jejuni are implicated not only in diarrhea in humans, but also in the rare, but more serious Guillain-Barré syndrome, which may be fatal. Since poultry are the major reservoirs of C. jejuni, reducing contamination of poultry meat with this organism will decrease risk to the human consumer. Poultry meat which is contaminated with Campylobacter spp. and other human enteropathogens is safe for human consumption if handled properly while raw, and cooked completely. Recent experimental studies tend to indicate that diet formulations excluding animal proteins and fat may help towards reducing colonization of C. jejuni in the ceca of poultry, but attempts to combine this strategy with other methods including the use of probiotics aimed at competitive exclusion of C. jejuni, or prebiotics, which promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the large intestine, and thereby reduce C. jejuni colonization is worth studying. Whether reduction of C. jejuni by these methods will cause proportionate increase of C. coli, which is emerging as a more drug resistant human pathogen, is not known. Colonization reduction should ideally be combined with innovative approaches at the processing plant to bring down contamination to a negligible level, although presently there is no "acceptable or safe quantitative level" for campylobacters in raw chicken meat. Keywords: Campylobacter spp., Guillain-Barré, poultry, colonization, dietary factors Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 441-446 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5736-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5736-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200411-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:49:y:2004:i:11:id:5736-VETMED