Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Brichta Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Hnilova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Viskovic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Generation of hapten-specific recombinant antibodies: antibody phage display technology: a review Abstract: Production of antibodies has been revolutionized by the development of modern molecular biology methods for the expression of recombinant DNA. Phage display technology represents one of the most powerful tools for production and selection of recombinant antibodies and has been recognized as a valuable alternative way for the preparation of antibodies of a desired specificity. In comparison to poly- and monoclonal antibodies, recombinant antibodies using the phage display technology can be prepared faster, in more automatic process and with reduced consumption of laboratory animals. This review summarizes current trends of phage display technology with focus on the generation of hapten-specific recombinant antibodies and gives the examples of successful applications of phage display in the environmental analysis of low molecular weight compound. Keywords: antibody phage display, recombinant antibodies, hapten, antibody phage libraries, immunochemistry Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 231-252 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5620-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5620-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200506-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:6:id:5620-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Weiss Author-Workplace-Name: Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany Author-Name: E. Moestl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: R. M. Bruckmaier Author-Workplace-Name: Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany Title: Physiological and behavioural effects of changeover from conventional to automatic milking in dairy cows with and without previous experience Abstract: The effects of the changeover from conventional parlour to an automatic milking system (AMS) on behaviour and physiological parameters in dairy cows with and without previous experience in AMS milking were investigated. Heart rate increase was higher in unexperienced cows (UC) than in experienced cows (EC) during the first AMS visit (31 ± 2 and 12 ± 2 beats per min, respectively, P < 0.05). EC entered the automatic milking stall voluntarily without any intervention by the staff. In contrast, in UC the rate of voluntary visits was 4, 26, 40, 49, 63, 72, 76, 89, 91 and 94% during the first 10 d of AMS milking, respectively. Faecal cortisol metabolites were not affected by the changeover. In UC milk ejection was disturbed during the first visits, i. e. mean milk yield at the first milking in the AMS was significantly lower as compared to that in the parlour (67 ± 7%, P < 0.05), whereas milk ejection in EC was not disturbed. The total milk yield of the first 15 milkings differed significantly in UC (87.3 ± 2.4%) and EC (108.8 ± 3.3%) as compared to previous parlour yields (P < 0.05). In conclusion, cows with previous experience to AMS milking did not need a new adaptation period in the AMS after a transient period of parlour milking. In contrast, UC do need an intensive adaptation to the AMS in order to minimise production loss. Data clearly demonstrate that an adequate adaptation is crucial for successful milk production in AMS. Keywords: automatic milking, behaviour, coping, cortisol, dairy cow, experience, heart rate Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 253-261 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5621-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5621-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200506-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:6:id:5621-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Dvorakova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Valicek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Reichelova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Detection of mycoplasma contamination in cell cultures and bovine sera Abstract: Contamination of cell cultures and sera used for animal virus propagation with mycoplasmas represents a serious problem, especially in virology. Therefore specific control measures must be used. To achieve this we introduced PCR for the detection of mycoplasma species in cell cultures and compared its results with ELISA and microbiological culture. Seven mycoplasma species which are the most common contaminants of cell lines (Mycoplasma arginini, M. fermentans, M. hyorhinis, M. bovis, M. orale, M. hominis, and Acholeplasma laidlawii) were used to verify the method. Then we assessed five selected cell lines and three bovine sera by the PCR, ELISA and culture methods and compared the results. PCR was positive for all of the mycoplasma species tested. ELISA kit used (Mycoplasma detection kit, Roche, Germany) allowed detection of only four species of contaminating mycoplasmas (Acholeplasma laidlawii, Mycoplasma arginini, M. hyorhinis, and M. orale). All the methods detected contamination of the VERO and RK13 cell lines. The agents of contamination were determined by the species-specific ELISA kit as Mycoplasma arginini and M. orale, respectively. Other cell lines and sera tested were not contaminated with mycoplasma. The results confirmed that the PCR method used in the present study is a sensitive, fast and specific detection method of mycoplasma contaminations and is suitable for routine mycoplasma detection in cell cultures and bovine sera. Keywords: mycoplasma, cell line, PCR, ELISA, microbiological culture, contamination Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 262-268 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5622-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5622-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200506-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:6:id:5622-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Velisek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodnany, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Piackova Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodnany, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Groch Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Nepejchalova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for State Control of Veterinary Biologicals and Medicaments, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effects of clove oil anaesthesia on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate acute toxicity of clove oil for common carp and, using values of haematological and biochemical profiles of blood and histological tissue examinations, to assess the effects of the fish exposure to that anaesthetic. Acute toxicity values of clove oil for carp were found 10 minLC50 74.3 mg/l; 10minLC0.1 51.6 mg/l; 10minLC99.9 110.1 mg/l; 96hLC50 18.10 mg/l; 96hLC0.1 15.45 mg/l; and 96hLC99.9 19.80 mg/l. The fish were divided into four groups for haematological and biochemical examinations of blood and histological examinations of tissues. The groups were Control I (before the anaesthetic administration), Experiment I (immediately after 10 min anaesthesia at the concentration of 30 mg/l), Experiment II (24 hrs after 10 min anaesthesia) and Control II (controls examined in parallel with Experiment II). A total of 40 carp were examined. Clove oil anaesthesia had not effect on the haematological profile. The 10-min exposure to clove oil at a concentration of 30 mg/l caused a significant (P < 0.01) increase in the concentration of glucose (GLU) and inorganic phosphate (PHOS) immediately after anaesthesia. Clove oil anaesthesia had not effect on other biochemical indices. Histological examination showed capillary ectasia of gill filaments immediately after clove oil anaesthesia. Twenty-four hours after anaesthesia, no ectasia was observed. No histopathological changes were demonstrated in other tissues following anaesthesia. Results of the examinations suggest that the use of clove oil at a concentration of 30 mg/l does not cause irreversible damage in carp. Keywords: acute toxicity, haematological profile, biochemical profile of blood, histological examination of tissues Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 269-275 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5623-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5623-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200506-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:6:id:5623-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Literak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, Author-Name: B. Smid Author-Name: F. Dusbabek Author-Name: R. Halouzka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathological Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic 2Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic 3Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Novotny Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathological Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic 2Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic 3Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: Co-infection with papillomavirus and Knemidokoptes jamaicensis (Acari: Knemidokoptidae) in a chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) and a case of beak papillomatosis in another chaffinch Abstract: Nodular papillomatous lesions combined with proliferation and formation of scales and crusts were observed on both tarsi of a dead chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) found in February 2004 in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. Electron microscopic examination demonstrated the presence of papillomavirus virions in the lesions. The parasitological examination of crust scraps revealed the presence of mites Knemidokoptes jamaicensis. Skin lesions were caused by a co-infection with the two pathogens. This paper is the first report of such a co-infection. In another chaffinch netted in May 2004 in the northern part of the Czech Republic, marked papillomatous lesions were found at the base of the beak. Proliferation of basal epidermal cells with sporadic intranuclear inclusions in the keratinocytes of stratum granulosum of the epidermis observed in the histopathological examination was suggestive of a viral aetiology of the papillomatous lesions. This is the first reported case of beak papillomatosis in the chaffinch. Keywords: bird, Czech Republic, disease, mite, parasite, virus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 276-280 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5624-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5624-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200506-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:6:id:5624-VETMED