Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Matlova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Dvorska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J.E. Shitaye Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Parmova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterial infections in cattle and pigs caused by Mycobacterium aviumcomplex members and atypical mycobacteria in theCzech Republicduring 2000-2004 Abstract: Bovine tuberculosis was last detected in cattle and pigs in the CzechRepublicin 1995. Since March, 31, 2004(Commission Decision No. 2004/320/EC) the Czech Republichas been included amongst states free from bovine tuberculosis within the European Union. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate results of intravital and post-mortem diagnosis of mycobacterial infections in slaughtered cattle and pigs from 2000 to 2004. When bovine tuberculosis in cattle was investigated, a tuberculin skin test with bovine tuberculin was performed every year and a skin test with avian tuberculin was simultaneously conducted in the animals with a positive response. A total of 2 419 889 animals were examined with a positive response being found in 123 (0.005%) of them. After slaughter, bovine tuberculosis was not detected in any of these animals by gross and/or laboratory examinations. With avian tuberculin, 40 349 animals were tested and positive responses were detected in 43 (0.1%) of them; the incidence was similar in all the years monitored. Tuberculous lesions were detected in 209 (0.01%) of 1 967 211 slaughtered cattle. Mycobacteria were present in 40 (21.3%) of 188 animals examined by laboratory methods: 26 isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (18 isolates of serotype 2 and 8 isolates not typeable), 11 isolates of M. a. hominissuis (1 isolate of serotype 8 and 10 isolates not typeable), and 3 isolates of atypical mycobacteria. Tuberculous lesions were detected in 49 312 (0.22%) of 22 312 580 slaughtered pigs by veterinary-meat inspection. During the 5-year-period monitored, the incidence of tuberculous lesions decreased from 0.37% in 2000 to 0.10% in 2004. The following mycobacteria were isolated from 757 (33.5%) of 2 261 animals whose organs were examined by culture: 203 isolates of M. a. avium (180 isolates of serotype 2, 3 isolates of serotype 2/8, and 20 isolates not typeable), 442 isolates of M. a. hominissuis (1 isolate of serotype 1, 262 isolates of serotype 8, 35 isolates of serotype 9, 1 isolates of mixed serotypes 8/9, and 143 isolates not typeable), and atypical mycobacteria (n = 112). In both animal species, M. avium complex members prevailed: M. a. avium was the most prevalent subspecies in cattle, M. a. hominissuis in pigs. The main sources of M. a. avium and M. a. hominissuis are free living birds and contaminated external and stable environments (i.e. drinking water, feeds, and feed supplements), respectively. During the entire period monitored, miliary or generalized tuberculosis was not detected in any of the animals. The decreased incidence of tuberculous lesions in pigs was particularly a result of preventive measures adopted to control the occurrence of atypical mycobacteria. Keywords: Mycobacterium bovis, IS901, IS1245, zoonosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 281-290 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5625-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5625-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5625-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Trcka Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Parmova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Health Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Melicharek Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Nitra, Slovak Republik Author-Name: G. Nagy Author-Workplace-Name: Central Veterinary Institute, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Z. Cvetnic Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Ocepek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Pate Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Lipiec Author-Workplace-Name: National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland Title: Detection of bovine and human tuberculosis in cattle and other animals in six Central European countries during the years 2000-2004 Abstract: During a five year period (2000-2004), the incidence of bovine and human tuberculosis in cattle and other animals from six Central European countries was evaluated: Croatia (HRV), the Czech Republic (CZE), Hungary (HUN), Poland (POL), Slovakia (SVK), and Slovenia (SVN). These countries, lying between the Baltic and the Adriatic seas, cover an area of 610 402 km2 and had more than 68 million inhabitants and 9 330 264 cattle in 2003. Successful national control programmes against bovine tuberculosis in cattle were carried out up until 1980: HRV (1953-1966), CZE (1959-1968), HUN (1962-1980), POL (1959-1975) SVK (1959-1968), and SVN (1962-1973). During the entire monitored period skin testing with bovine tuberculin in all cattle older than two years was carried out regularly either once a year or every second year. Five of these countries (CZE, HUN, POL, SVK, and SVN) joined the EC on May 1st, 2004. CZE and SVK were officially declared free of bovine tuberculosis in cattle on March 31st, 2004 (Commission Decision No. 2004/320/EC) and March 4th, 2005 (Commission Decision No. 2005/179/EC), respectively. Bovine tuberculosis was diagnosed in a total of 188 cattle herds in the study area: 145 (77.1%) outbreaks in small herds (< 10 cows) and 43 (22.9%) outbreaks in large herds (≥ 10 cows). The last cases of bovine tuberculosis in cattle in SVK and in the CZE were diagnosed in 1993 and 1995, respectively. During the monitored period, bovine tuberculosis was diagnosed in animal species other than cattle found in zoological gardens: in two Bactrian camels (Camelus ferus) in the CZK, in one Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris f. altaica) in HUN, in one bison (Bison bison) and one eland (Taurotragus oryx) in POL, and in one dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and two bison in SVN. In wild animals, bovine tuberculosis was diagnosed in wild boar (Sus scrofa) in HUN (n = 14) and HRV (n = 1), in six red deer (Cervus elaphus) in HUN, in 14 European bison (Bison bonasus f. bonasus) and two roe deer (Capreolus capreolus f. capreolus) in POL. Infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis were also diagnosed in four cattle and two pigs in POL, in one cattle in SVN, in one dog (Canis lupus f. familiaris) in the CZE and in one dog in HUN. M. africanum was diagnosed in one hyrax (Procaria habessinica) in a zoological garden in HRV. Keywords: veterinary epidemiology, zoonosis, Mycobacterium caprae, human tuberculosis, bovine tuberculosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 291-299 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5626-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5626-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5626-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Vass Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Kotkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Diblikova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Nevorankova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K.M. Cooper Author-Workplace-Name: Queen's University Belfast, Department of Veterinary Science, Northern Ireland, UK Author-Name: D.G. Kennedy Author-Workplace-Name: Chemical Surveillance Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Department of Agriculture & Rural Development, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK Author-Name: M. Franek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of AOZ, a tissue bound metabolite of furazolidone Abstract: 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) is a tissue bound toxic metabolite derived from the nitrofuran antibiotic, furazolidone. AOZ is detected in the derivatised form of 3-{[(2-nitrophenyl) methylene] amino}-2-oxa-zolidinone (NP AOZ). 3-{[(3-carboxyphenyl)-methylene] amino-2-oxazolidinone (CP AOZ) was used as the immunising hapten for the production of monoclonal antibodies against NP AOZ. Monoclonal antibodies were produced using hybridomas from the fusion of murine myeloma cells and spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice immunised with CP AOZ-ethylenediamine-human serum albumin (CP AOZ-ed-HSA). The antibody production in ascitic fluids from clones 3B8/2B9 and 2D11/A4 was monitored during a 16 month period. Repeated cultures of these hybridomas, followed by injection into mice and cloning did not change the assay parameters. Clone 2D11/A4 exhibited long term stability in antibody production throughout the experiment whereas clone 3B8/2B9 demonstrated variability in particular antibody yields whilst retaining assay sensitivity. Reasons for this production variability in clones are discussed. In an optimised direct ELISA format, the antibodies exhibited a 50% binding inhibition in the range of 0.52-1.15 ng/ml with NP AOZ (0.22 -0.50 ng/ml, respective AOZ equivalents) and showed high specificity towards this analyte. The sensitivity of monoclonal antibodies incorporated into the ELISA is compatible with the European Union MRLP and is currently in use for routine analysis. Keywords: furazolidone, AOZ, hybridomas, monoclonal antibodies, ELISA, immunochemical characterisation, production stability Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 300-310 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5627-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5627-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5627-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Rychlik Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Krakow, Poland Author-Name: A. Kozubska-Sobocinska Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Krakow, Poland Author-Name: B. Rejduch Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Krakow, Poland Author-Name: J. Sikora Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Krakow, Poland Title: The phenomenon of cell chimerism in goats Abstract: Cell chimerism was diagnosed in goats with test reagents that identify erythrocyte antigens and with bovine probes that paint sex chromosomes. Same-sex and opposite-sex twins and their parents, representing the Fawn Improved breed, were used in the study. Ovine test reagents (anti-Aa, -Be, -Bi, -Bd, -Bb, -Ca, -R) were used to analyse the blood groups of twins. Cytogenetic analysis was based on FISH technique. Identical antigens and incomplete results of the reaction of blood cells with some immune sera showed that these animals had two populations of erythrocytes differing in antigens A1, B2, B3, B15 and R. The analysis of 100 metaphase plates for each animal, which were subjected to FISH technique using bovine sex chromosome painting probes, showed the presence of two cell lines: 60,XX and 60,XY. Keywords: goats, cell chimerism, blood groups, molecular probes, FISH Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 311-314 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5628-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5628-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5628-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Alexa Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hamrik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Stouracova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Salajka Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Oral immunization against enterotoxigenic colibacillosis in weaned piglets by non-pathogenic Escherichia colistrain with K88 (F4) colonizing factors Abstract: Experiments were focused on the prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets by means of enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC) with colonizing factors K88 (F4). The process of immunization consisted of intramuscular administration of ETEC strain bacterin one day prior to weaning and oral administration of a live culture of non-pathogenic E. coli strain containing colonizing factors (O149:K88; STa-, LT-) in 3 hours after weaning. The shedding of the K88 positive E. coli strains was monitored for 3 weeks after weaning by the culture of rectal swabs. The efficacy of such immunization protocol was tested by challenge exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli O149:K88, LT+ strain on the third or the tenth day after weaning. Following the oral administration of non-pathogenic E. coli strain containing colonizing factors K88 to piglets, the shedding of the administered strain continued for 9 days. No or very small protection against diarrhoea following the challenge exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli was found in immunized piglets. Keywords: piglet, diarrhoea after weaning, mucosal immunity, F4 fimbriae, K88 Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 315-320 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5629-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5629-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5629-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pikula Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pikulova Author-Workplace-Name: Private Veterinary Practice, Kurim, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Bandouchova Author-Workplace-Name: Private Veterinary Practice, Kurim, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kohout Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Najman Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Hospital AA-Vet, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Tichy Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Treml Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Subaortic stenosis and mitral dysplasia in three Black Russian Terrier puppies Abstract: A combined congenital heart defect of aortic stenosis and mitral dysplasia was diagnosed in three Black Russian Terrier puppies two months old. The aortic stenosis component included both fixed and dynamic obstructions. The fixed obstruction was subvalvularly located at the entrance to the left ventricular outflow tract. The dynamic obstruction was caused by the septal leaflet of the mitral valve protruding into the left ventricular outflow tract. Mitral dysplasia resulted in mitral insufficiency leading to regurgitation through the mitral valve closer to the septal side. The maximum pressure gradient across the aortic valve amounting to 103 mmHg measured in one puppy was consistent with the most severe grade of stenosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy in all three puppies that were males and originated in one litter, so genetic influences are supposed. Keywords: congenital heart defects, left ventricular outflow tract, malformation of atrioventricular valves Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 321-326 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/5630-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5630-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200507-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:5630-VETMED