Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Hruska
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic: Analysis of papers published from 1990 to 2005
Abstract: The Web of Science database searched results for papers published from the Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, were analysed. The Veterinary Research Institute has increased publication activity in 2001-2005; more than 4 times in comparison with the period 1990-2004. The impact factor of journals has increased 5.5 times. The collaboration with 31 foreign countries and 175 institutions resulted in the publication of 277 papers in 93 journals during the past five years. Positioning of the Veterinary Research Institute is now among the worldwide leading teams is evident in twelve research profiles. The Web of Science is an efficient tool for record analysis and researcher's and institution's publication activities.
Keywords: research evaluation, Web of Science, publications
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 161-167
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5536-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5536-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Nedbalcova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Satran
Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Administration of the Czech Republic, Department of Animal Health and Welfare Protection, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Jaglic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: R. Ondriasova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Kucerova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Haemophilus parasuis and Glässer's disease in pigs: a review
Abstract: Haemophilus parasuis is a common epiphyte of the upper respiratory tract of pigs. The factors of H. parasuis pathogenicity that enable some strains to be virulent and consequently cause a clinical disease have not been established yet. Fifteen serovars of H. parasuis have been described at present. Individual serovars differ in virulence, and considerable differences in virulence also exist within each serovar. Virulent strains can particularly participate as microorganisms secondary to pneumonia, cause septicaemia without polyserositis or Glässer's disease characterized by polyserositis, pericarditis, arthritis and meningitis. Clinical symptoms of this disease are highly variable. Therefore, culture detection of causative agent, particularly from the brain, joints and polyserositis is an essential diagnostic tool. The disease caused by H. parasuis can be treated with antibiotics; however, oral or parenteral administration of very high doses of antibiotics is necessary. The level of animal hygiene and animal husbandry are important factors for prevention of this disease. Commercial or autogenous vaccines can be used in the immunoprophylaxis of pre-parturient sows and their progeny after weaning. For the production of autogenous vaccines, it is most effective to use isolates from animals with lesions present in CNS. Isolates recovered from arthritic and systemic sites of infection are less suitable and isolates recovered from lungs are not suitable at all because of their heterogeneity.
Keywords: Haemophilus parasuis, Glässer's disease, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis, epidemiology, pig
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 168-179
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5537-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5537-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Hosek
Author-Workplace-Name: Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Svastova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Moravkova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Pavlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Bartos
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Methods of mycobacterial DNA isolation from different biological material: a review
Abstract: Mycobacteria cause serious infections in animals and human beings. Huge economic losses on farms are caused by selected species of this wide family. A high risk of transmission of infection from animal to human exists. The knowledge of exact pathogen characteristics is an important factor which can improve quick and adequate healing. Cultivation and determination of phenotype is still the "gold standard", but has the disadvantage of taking a long time and also low detection limit. Biochemical characterisation of isolates is not exact, and it is expensive. A more popular method used is the amplification of specific loci by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For this method, the isolation of sufficient amounts of purified DNA is necessary. In this paper the most frequently used method for DNA isolation from live mycobacterial cells, body fluids, tissues, histological samples and forensic materials are outlined. This paper assists only as guide for these methods, so we describe them briefly.
Keywords: Johne's disease, Crohn's disease, zoonoses
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 180-192
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5538-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5538-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Hasonova
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Pavlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Economic impact of paratuberculosis in dairy cattle herds: a review
Abstract: Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a disease which causes considerable economic losses to producers of livestock, particularly dairy cows. Nowadays PTB is one of the most prevailing and costly infectious diseases of dairy cattle. The purpose of the present study was to review economic losses, which may be caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) above all in herds of dairy cattle. The most important losses caused by the presence of clinically ill animals have been thoroughly described: loss of milk production and poor body condition followed by death or culling. In contrast, losses arising from a subclinical disease have not been well documented and contradictory results have been published to date. The calculation of losses caused by PTB depends to a certain degree on the production system in a herd, efficiency level, herd management system and other factors. Direct economic losses are above all caused by decreased milk production concurrent to increased incidence of mastitis, changes in milk parameters and increased somatic cell counts, reproductive dysfunctions, poor feed conversion, shortened production age and increased predisposition to other diseases etc. Indirect economic losses are caused by premature culling of animals and their unrealized future income, expenses for non-active production, herd replacement, diagnostic testing, "unnecessary" veterinary care and establishing disease control programmes. Genetic value of animals and their progeny is lost. Last but not least, the reputation of the farm where MAP infected animals are kept is lost for a long-time, which is also important.
Keywords: Johne's disease, MAP, dairy cattle, economic losses, Crohn's disease, IS900
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 193-211
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5539-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5539-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Pribylova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Pavlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Bartos
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Genetically modified potato plants in nutrition and prevention of diseases in humans and animals: a review
Abstract: Genetically modified organisms (GMO) become a real constituent of our lives and nowadays, they are commonly introduced into the food chain of people and animals in some states. Among higher organisms, plants are used above all for genetic modifications; potatoes are a suitable model plants for this purpose. Nowadays, a number of various genetic modifications of potato plants are available, particularly those with increased resistance to biological agents and factors of the external environment or with improved nutritional value. Plants that produce proteins of the immune system of man or animals or substances that may be used as vaccines in human or veterinary medicine are highly important. Modified potato plants that produce biomaterials for potential applications in the industry are a significant category.
Keywords: genetically modified organisms (GMO), genetic modification, transformation, transgene, plants, Solanum tuberosum, nutrition
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 212-223
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5540-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5540-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Pauciullo
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Food Inspection, University of Naples "Federico II", via Portici (NA), Italy
Author-Name: S. Kubickova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: H. Cernohorska
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Petrova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Di Berardino
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Food Inspection, University of Naples "Federico II", via Portici (NA), Italy
Author-Name: L. Ramunno
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Food Inspection, University of Naples "Federico II", via Portici (NA), Italy
Author-Name: J. Rubes
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Isolation and physical localization of new chromosome-specific centromeric repeats in farm animals
Abstract: In this study, new classes of tandemly repeated DNA sequences in the centromeric regions of three farm animal species are reported. Pericentromeric regions of bovine chromosome X, porcine chromosome 14 and equine chromosome 1 were microdissected by laser and amplified by DOP-PCR. Painting probes showed strong hybridization signals on their corresponding centromeres. Specific DNA fragments were isolated by cloning and sequenced. For each species, high homology level was found among the sequences. The presence of specific repeats within each sequence allows us to consider them as monomeric units or parts of longer tandemly repeated monomeric units that generate a specific higher-order repeat. In this respect, the isolation of new centromeric sequences enriches the genetic map of these three species and represents a useful tool for FISH analysis, thus expanding our knowledge on centromeres of farm animal species.
Keywords: Bos taurus, Sus scrofa, Equus caballus, cattle, pig, horse, centromeres, tandem repeats, chromosomes, FISH
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 224-231
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5541-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5541-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Machatkova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Hanzalova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Horakova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Reckova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Hulinska
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Collection of oocytes from donors in the growth phase of follicular development can enhance the production of bovine embryos for cryopreservation
Abstract: The present study was designed to compare the efficiency of bovine embryo production for cryopreservation between oocytes collected from donors in the growth phase of follicular development (GPFD) and those recovered from donors in the undefined phase (UPFD). Cyclic cows, Czech Siemental or Holstein dairy breeds, 4-6 years of age, slaughtered at the local abbatoir were used. They were divided into two groups based on ovarian morphology: I. GPFD donors with ovaries corresponding to the growth phase of the first follicular wave (estrus cycle days 3-4; n = 52), and II. UPFD donors with ovaries in any other phase of follicular development (undefined estrus cycle days; n = 89). A total of 3 771 oocytes were collected and 1 134 embryos were prepared as two separate populations by standard protocol. In total 352 excellent or good quality embryos at the early, advanced or expanded blastocyst stage from both donor groups were pooled and used for cryotolerance assessment. They were frozen on day 7 (D7) or day 8 (D8) after fertilization by the standard procedure. After thawing, the embryos were cultured for 72 h to the hatching stage. The percentages of both D7 embryos and advanced blastocysts were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) for oocytes collected from GPFD donors than for oocytes collected from UPFD donors (33.7 vs 28.6% and 43.0 vs 29.5%, respectively). The percentages of excellent or good quality  embryos obtained from both D7 embryos and fertilized oocytes were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) for oocytes collected from GPFD donors than for oocytes collected from UPFD donors (63.6 vs 49.4% and 21.4 vs 14.1%, respectively). The post-thaw survival rates were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) for D7 than D8 embryos (80.4 vs 66.3%). In relation to the developmental stage, the development and hatching rates were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) for D7 than D8 early blastocysts (75.0 vs 41.2% and 50.0 vs 5.9%, respectively) and for D7 than D8 advanced blastocysts, (73.7 vs 57.1 and 52.6 vs 28.6%, respectively). No differences were found between D7 and D8 expanded blastocysts after freezing-thawing. In conclusion, the collection of oocytes from donors in the growth phase positively influenced the in vitro production of bovine embryos for cryopreservation. The development of embryos produced with oocytes from GPFD donor group was accelerated and more excellent and good advanced blastocysts with greater cryotolerance were produced on day 7 after fertilization, as compared to embryos produced with oocytes from the UPFD donor group.
Keywords: follicular development, bovine oocyte, in vitro embryos, cryopreservation
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 232-238
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5542-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5542-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Ciganek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Neca
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in porcine and bovine organs and tissues
Abstract: Concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were determined in porcine and bovine kidney, liver, lung, muscle and adipose tissue samples, and in eyeballs (lens and vitreous humour) in fattener pigs and cows. The total average PAH concentrations in individual organs were: 5.4, 6.3 (kidney); 3.8, 2.7 (liver); 4.6, 5.4 (lung); 3.6, 5.1 (muscle tissue); 0.05, 0.11 (adipose tissue); 57.9, 16.3 (lens) and 14, 6.4 (vitreous humour) for pigs and cows in ng/g of wet weight, respectively. Phenanthrene, naphthalene, pyrene and fluoranthene were predominant PAH present in samples. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found among distribution of PAH in animal bodies from several localities with various PAH exposure or between their levels in porcine and bovine organs and tissues, except for eyeballs. On the contrary, significant variations of PAH concentrations (P < 0.01) were found between species in the same tissues from the same stable. The highest total concentrations of PAH were found in porcine and bovine lenses. Analyses of porcine and/or bovine lenses for PAH content could be used for determination of animal exposure to these compounds.
Keywords: pig, cattle, PAH, organs, tissues
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 239-247
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5543-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5543-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Franek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Diblikova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Vass
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Kotkova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Stastny
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of State Control of Veterinary Biologicals and Medicaments, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Frgalova
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of State Control of Veterinary Biologicals and Medicaments, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Hruska
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Validation of a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for the quantification of the furazolidone metabolite (AOZ) in eggs using various sample preparation
Abstract: A monoclonal-based ELISA, coupled with an assay buffer, solvent and solid phase extraction procedures, was validated for use in the monitoring of egg samples for 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ). The procedures allow the detection of protein bound AOZ in the form of 2-nitrophenyl derivative (NPAOZ) in sample supernatant or extract after acid hydrolysis and derivatisation with o-nitrobenzaldehyde. The assays were validated according to criteria set down by Commission Decision (2003) for the performance and validation of analytical methods for chemical residues. The detection capability of ELISA's for AOZ in eggs (set on the basis of acceptance of no false negatives) was 0.6, 0.3 and 0.3 µg/kg for buffer, solvent and solid phase extraction, respectively. These values are well below the maximum required performance limit (MRLP) of 1 µg/kg for tissue bound residues of nitrofuran antibiotics. An excellent correlation of results (r = 0.99, n = 14) obtained by the ELISA and LC-MS/MS techniques within the concentration range of 0-5 µg/kg was found in the incurred egg samples. The eggs collected from layer chickens fed 30 and 400 mg/kg of furazolidone for 10 days were monitored by ELISA until AOZ concentrations approached the LoD.
Keywords: monoclonal ELISA, nitrofuran, AOZ, eggs, sample preparation, validation
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 248-257
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5544-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5544-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Faldyna
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Leva
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Sladek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Rysanek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Toman
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: γδ-TCR+ CD2- lymphocytes are recruited into bovine mammary gland after stimulation
Abstract: γδ-T-Cell Receptor (TCR) lymphocytes were detected in mammary gland lavages collected from 10 clinically healthy virgin heifers before and after intramammary stimulation with synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogue. Using two-colour flow cytometry, CD2+ and CD2- subsets of γδ-TCR lymphocytes were analyzed. CD2+ γδ-TCR lymphocytes markedly prevailed over CD2- cells in intact mammary gland: 88.9 ± 4.9% of γδ-TCR lymphocytes were CD2+. After stimulation, neutrophils and γδ-TCR lymphocytes were recruited into the mammary gland. Among γδ-TCR lymphocytes, CD2- cells were mainly responsible for their expansion. After stimulation, 60.8 ± 13.4% of γδ-TCR lymphocytes were CD2+ (P < 0.01 when compared with mammary gland lavages before stimulation). It follows from the present study that the cells seem to be involved in the first phase of a response to an infection affecting mammary gland.
Keywords: cattle, udder, mastitis
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 258-264
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5545-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5545-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. Rysanek
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Sladek
Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V. Babak
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Vasickova
Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Hubackova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Spontaneous and induced cytolysis of leukocytes from bovine mammary gland in the course of cultivation in vitro - the correlation with neutrophil granulocytes apoptosis
Abstract: The process of leukocyte cytolysis and the manifestations of apoptosis and secondary necrosis of neutrophil granulocytes (hereafter only "neutrophils") were studied on four virgin heifers after the induction of leukocyte influx into the mammary gland and after their lavage in in vitro conditions. Phosphate buffered saline, muramyl dipeptide and a lipopolysaccharide were used for influx induction. Cytolysis and apoptosis were induced with heat stress, ultraviolet irradiation and spontaneous aging for 24 hours. The cytolysis was detected indirectly by determining the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the cultivation medium after the enzyme was released through cell lysis. The neutrophil apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry and two staining methods (i) simultaneous staining with Annexin V labelled FITC and propidium iodide and (ii) with SYTO 13. It was found that leukocytes of the mammary gland of virgin heifers undergo spontaneous aging during in vitro incubation. The fraction of lysed leukocytes rose in the course of the in vitro incubation and reached 21% up to 34% after 4 hours and 73% up to 79% after 24 hours, depending on the inductor of influx used. From among them, phosphate buffered saline resulted in the lowest incidence of cytolysis, the lipopolysaccharide in the highest incidence. The differences in the effect of influx inductors on leukocyte cytolysis became manifest during the first 4 hours of incubation in particular; the differences between inductors became insignificant after 24 hours. Heat stress, unlike ultraviolet irradiation, resulted in a significant increase in the fraction of lysed leukocytes. Ultraviolet radiation induced neutrophil apoptosis in a dominant way, while the effect of influx inducers and/or of the staining method used for flow cytometry had no effect. Heat stress also induced neutrophil apoptosis but to a lower extent than ultraviolet irradiation. Spontaneous leukocyte aging during the in vitro incubation resulted in an increasing share of apoptotic neutrophils depending on the duration of incubation. An increase in the share of necrotic neutrophils was only significant after influx induction with the lipopolysaccharide, but not after induction with buffered saline. Highly significant correlation between the percentage representation of apoptotic neutrophils and the percentage proportion of lysed leukocytes was shown, both after influx induction with phosphate buffered saline, and with the lipopolysaccharide and after both staining techniques (r = 0.767; 0.932; 0.966; 0.922). Statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the proportion of necrotic neutrophils and the share of lysed leukocytes only after influx induction with the lipopolysaccharide (r = 0.579; 0.765). After the influx induction with phosphate buffered saline and staining with Annexin V and propidium iodide, statistically significant negative correlation between the percentage share of necrotic neutrophils and the percentage of lysed leukocytes (r = -0.653) was demonstrated. Thus it means that situations can occur when the more leukocytes succumb to cytolysis, the smaller the share of necrotic neutrophils that can be detected with flow cytometry. One can state that the in vitro model of parallel quantitative determination of apoptosis and secondary neutrophil necrosis as well as of leukocyte cytolysis was verified.
Keywords: heifers, mammary gland, leukocyte cytolysis, neutrophils, apoptosis, necrosis
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 265-277
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5546-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5546-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Z. Jaglic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Kucerova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: K. Nedbalcova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Kulich
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Alexa
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Characterisation of Pasteurella multocida isolated from rabbits in the Czech Republic
Abstract: Twenty seven Pasteurella multocida rabbit isolates were characterised by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) generated by restriction endonuclease ApaI, and examined for the presence of capsule and fimbriae, and tested of haemolytic activity and endotoxin release in presence of rabbit plasma. Among the isolates a high number (n = 20) of different PFGE types was observed. All isolates were found to be encapsulated and four of them also possessed fimbriae. Although the presence of the aphA gene, conferring a haemolytic phenotype for Escherichia coli under anaerobic conditions, was indicated in all of the isolates by PCR, clear haemolytic activity was observed in only one isolate when grown anaerobically. All of the isolates grew easily in the presence of rabbit plasma which showed a high capacity to bind the released endotoxin.
Keywords: pasteurellosis, PFGE, RFLP, LPS, haemolysis, virulence factors
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 278-287
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5547-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5547-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Smitalova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Rodak
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Psikal
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: B. Smid
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Isolation, immunochemical demonstration of field strains of porcine group A rotaviruses and electrophoretic analysis of RNA segments of group A and C rotaviruses
Abstract: Rotaviruses are major cause of acute diarrhea in animals and humans which can result in huge economic losses in farm animals including pigs. We collected 195 samples of feces of diarrhoeic animals. Rotavirus was demonstrated by electron microscopy using the method of negative staining in 27 samples and by ELISA test using monoclonal antibodies to the group antigen VP6 in 44 samples. Nine samples were selected for virus isolation. Three virus isolates (P375/4, P410/4 and P646/1) were successfully adapted to growth in cell line MA-104. These isolates were allocated to group A rotaviruses based on ELISA, immunoperoxidase test and electropherotype analysis. Electropherotype analysis demonstrated changes during passage in cell line in two of the three isolates. The selected sample P543/1 proved negative in ELISA in a fecal sample. Electropherotype analysis of this sample revealed a "longer" electropherotype profile. The profile was suggestive of group C rotavirus. Rotavirus group C was confirmed by RT-PCR and by sequence analysis in this sample.
Keywords: cell line MA-104, electron microscopy, immunoperoxidase test, ELISA, monoclonal antibody, electropherotype, group A and C rotavirus, RT-PCR
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 288-295
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5548-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5548-VETMED.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:5:id:5548-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Vesely
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: S. Reschova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Pokorova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Hulova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Nevorankova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Production of monoclonal antibodies against immunoglobulin heavy chain in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Abstract: A method for purification of carp serum immunoglobulin (IgM), intended for the production of monoclonal antibodies, was described in the present study. Hybridomas that produce antibodies against IgM heavy chain were selected by ELISA method and Western blotting. Ascitic fluids were prepared and tested by the above mentioned methods, and their typing followed. Monoclonal antibody with the highest titre of antibodies against carp immunoglobulin was selected for conjugation with horseradish peroxidase. Specificity of conjugated monoclonal antibody was tested in a panel of various fish species sera. Cross-reactivity was not detected in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and eleven other fish species. Besides common carp, positive results were also found in goldfish (Carassius auratus) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), that are members of Cyprinidae family. Among fish other than Cyprinidae, positive results were also detected in sheatfish (Silurus glanis). The sensitivity in common carp was approximately 10 ng/ml.
Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, IgM, monoclonal antibodies, ELISA, Western blot
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 296-302
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5549-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5549-VETMED.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:5:id:5549-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Sisak
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: H. Havlickova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: H. Hradecka
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Rychlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Kolackova
Author-Workplace-Name: National Institute of Public Health, Centre for the Hygiene of Food Chains, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: R. Karpiskova
Author-Workplace-Name: National Institute of Public Health, Centre for the Hygiene of Food Chains, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp. isolates from pigs in the Czech Republic
Abstract: A total of 126 Salmonella spp. isolates from pigs belonging to 13 serotypes (Typhimurium, Derby, Infantis, Enteritidis, Agona, Kaapstad, London, Montevideo, Bredeney, Give, Oritamerin, Schwarzengrund and Tennessee) were tested for sensitivity to 14 antibiotics. Resistance to 1-8 antibiotics was demonstrated in 64 isolates (59.8%), classified into seven serotypes with the most frequent being Salmonella typhimurium (n = 54). S. typhimurium strains were found to be the most resistant to streptomycin (91.5%), sulphonamides (88.1%), ampicillin (86.4%), tetracycline (84.7%) and chloramphenicol (83.0%), displaying the ACSSuT phenotype. In all strains of this phenotype (n = 27), the gene for integrase (int1) and resistance genes blaPSE-1, floR, aadA2, sul1 and tetG were detected by PCRs. In some of the strains, additional resistance to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, nalidixic acid and enrofloxacin was found.
Keywords: Salmonella serotypes, pig, S. typhimurium, phage type DT104, antibiotic, multiresistance, genes of resistance
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 303-310
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5550-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5550-VETMED.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Bartos
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: H. Pavlikova
Author-Workplace-Name: Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Dvorska
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: R. Horvath
Author-Workplace-Name: Genex CZ, Ltd., Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Dendis
Author-Workplace-Name: Genex CZ, Ltd., Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Flodr
Author-Workplace-Name: Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Z. Kolar
Author-Workplace-Name: Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Author-Name: R.T. Weston
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: LaTrobe University, Melbourne, Australia
Author-Name: L. Pac
Author-Workplace-Name: Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Matlova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Pavlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Risk assessment of mycobacterial infections (human tuberculosis and avian mycobacteriosis) during anatomical dissection of cadavers
Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the presence of mycobacteria in tissue samples from four cadavers fixed with formalin, and tissue samples from a recently deceased unpreserved individual, who had a history of human tuberculosis infection, undergoing a post mortem (cause of death not related to tuberculosis). All were examined for the presence of tuberculous lesions and the specific presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and M. avium complex (MAC) members by microscopy, culture, and PCR analysis of four genomic elements (IS6110, mtp40, IS901, and IS1245). Microscopy examination after the Ziehl-Neelsen staining and culture examination for the presence of mycobacteria were negative in all 22 tissue samples from the four embalmed cadavers. PCR analysis of IS6110 and mtp40 was positive in tissue samples of tuberculous lesions from the lungs of two embalmed cadavers, and from intact kidney tissue of one of these cadavers. Microscopy and culture examinations of liver and spleen tissues from the unpreserved cadaver were positive for mycobacteria. PCR analysis, specific for M. avium subsp. avium, was positive in both tissue samples with, and without tuberculous lesions.
Keywords: anatomy education, disinfection, avian tuberculosis, risk assessment, health and safety, zoonosis
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 311-319
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5551-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5551-VETMED.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:5:id:5551-VETMED

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I. Trcka
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Lamka
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Author-Name: R. Suchy
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Kopecna
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V. Beran
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Moravkova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: A. Horvathova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Bartos
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Parmova
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: I. Pavlik
Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Mycobacterial infections in European wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Czech Republic during the years 2002 to 2005
Abstract: A total of 842 wild boar of differing ages, originating from 29 (37.7%) of the 77 districts in the Czech Republic, were examined during the hunting seasons from 2002 to 2005. Of them, 274 (32.5%) of the animals were wild specimens and 568 (67.5%) from game parks. Out of 786 animals, the following were included in the study: 668 piglets, 61 juveniles, 32 adult males and 25 adult females. A total of 2 704 samples from various tissues and faeces were examined: 309 separately collected faecal samples from 309 (36.7%) animals, 2 332 samples from various tissues and 63 faecal samples from 533 (63.3%) animals. Mycobacteria were isolated from 75 (8.9%) animals from 11 of the districts. Neither a causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, nor any other members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were isolated from any of the animals. From one (0.1%) animal, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis of IS900 RFLP type A-C10 was isolated from intestinal lymph nodes, which was also isolated within the same district during other studies of cattle and free living ruminants. The causative agent of avian tuberculosis, M. a. avium (IS901+ and IS1245+), was isolated from 7 (0.8%) animals; among them tuberculous lesions were detected in intestinal lymph nodes, with gross tuberculous lesions visible on two animals. The causative agent of avian mycobacteriosis M. a. hominissuis (IS901- and IS1245+) was detected in lymph nodes without gross lesions in one (0.1%) animal. From 45 (5.5%) animals without lesions, atypical mycobacteria of the following nine species were isolated from pulmonary lymph nodes, small and large intestine, intestinal mucosa and faeces: M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, M. scrofulaceum, M. triviale, M. terrae, M. phlei, M. abscessus, M. flavescens, and M. smegmatis. Due to a high density of wild boar and their large migration radius, they can be viewed as a potential source for mycobacterial infections as well as other infectious agents.
Keywords: wild animals, tuberculosis, zoonosis, epidemiology
Journal: Veterinární medicína
Pages: 320-332
Volume: 51
Issue: 5
Year: 2006
DOI: 10.17221/5552-VETMED
File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5552-VETMED.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:5:id:5552-VETMED