Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Citek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Rehout Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hajkova Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pavkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: Monitoring of the genetic health of cattle in the Czech Republic Abstract: A screening was carried out for CVM, BLAD, DUMPS, bovine citrullinaemia, glycogen storage disease V, and Robertsonian translocations in the cattle population of the Czech Republic. In 406 Holstein sires and 146 Czech Pied (Czech Simmental) sires entering the AI programme in the Czech Republic from 2003-2005, no heterozygous sire for DUMPS, bovine citrullinaemia and BLAD was found. The heterozygote was not found also in the beef sires of Charolais, Limousine, Beef Simmental, Blonde d'Aquitaine, Belgian Blue, Aberdeen-Angus, and Hereford breeds. In 111 elite Holstein females, 21 (18.9%) were heterozygotes for CVM, and were dominant homozygotes for BLAD, DUMPS and bovine citrullinaemia. In the myophosphorylase gene responsible for the glycogen storage disease V, in the Charolais (n = 30), Czech Pied (n = 53), and Belgian Blue, Limousine, Blonde d'Aquitaine, Aberdeen Angus, and Beef Simmental sires analysed, the heterozygote was not found. Robertsonian translocations were examined in 767 Holstein sires, 1 010 Czech Pied (Simmental) sires, 142 beef sires, and 48 dams. Of these, 10 sires of Czech Pied breed, 5 beef sires, and 13 females were found to be positive. The monitoring of BLAD, CVM, and Robertsonian translocations is recommended. Keywords: cattle, CVM, BLAD, DUMPS, citrullinaemia, Robertsonian translocation, screening Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 333-339 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5553-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5553-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200606-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:6:id:5553-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Tancin Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Macuhova Author-Workplace-Name: Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany Author-Name: D. Schams Author-Workplace-Name: Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany Author-Name: R.M. Bruckmaier Author-Workplace-Name: Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany Title: The importance of increased levels of oxytocin induced by naloxone to milk removal in dairy cows Abstract: The aim of this study was to test whether a more pronounced oxytocin release induced by naloxone during milking causes higher efficiency of milk removal. Eight pregnant multiparousHolsteincows from second to fifth lactation were used for this experiment. The experiment was carried out during three consecutive days, i.e. six milkings (three morning and three evening milkings). During first and third evening milking in cross over design (four and four animals) 250 mg of naloxone or 10 ml saline was injected 5 min before the start of udder preparation. During these milkings 2 IU of oxytocin was injected i.v. after stripping and the amount of milk obtained in response to oxytocin injection was measured. Pre-milking naloxone treatment increased the milking-related release of oxytocin, however, only in six of eight cows. The stimulatory effect of naloxone on oxytocin release in the mentioned six cows differed individually from 4 ng/l to 132 ng/l. Naloxone treatment did not influence milk yield before stripping and stripping milk yield. However, naloxone treatment significantly reduced the amount of milk obtained in response to oxytocin injection. Peak flow rate tended to be higher after naloxone treatment. In conclusion, oxytocin release seems to be very important for the evaluation of different milking routines and milk removal environment with respect to the welfare of dairy cows. Keywords: dairy cows, milking, oxytocin, naloxone Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 340-345 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5554-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5554-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200606-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:6:id:5554-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Pechova Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dvorak Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Drastich Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Lubojacka Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Pavlata Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic of Diseases of Ruminants, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Poul Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural and Commercial Cooperative Society, Zichlinek, Czech Republic Title: Influence of increased lipid content in diet in the form of treated rapeseed meal on the metabolism and milk yield of dairy cows in the first third of lactation Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of high lipid concentration in the diet, served as calcium salts of fatty acids from rape, on metabolism and the milk yield of dairy cows during the first third of lactation. 28 dairy cows were divided into experimental (E; n = 14) and control groups (C; n = 14) and monitored within 100 days of lactation since the day of parturition. The diet of both groups had a balanced content of energy and crude protein, while there was a difference in lipid content (C - 3.7% vs. E - 6.99% of dry matter in the diet). Blood and urine samples were taken at the end of 1st, 2nd and 3rd months of lactation. Evaluation of milk yield was carried out based on the results of monthly milk yield control, while the evaluation of reproduction was performed using data supplied by a farm livestock specialist. At the end of the first month, a higher degree of energetic metabolism disturbance was determined in group E in comparison with group C (beta-hydroxybutyrate 1.05 vs 0.51 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05; nonesterified fatty acids 0.68 vs. 0.27 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.01), as well as a higher occurrence of liver damage (bilirubine 6.50 vs. 4.59 μmol/l, P ≤ 0,01; aspartate amino transferase 1.66 vs. 1.39 μkat/l, P≤ 0.05; lactate-dehydrogenase 45.2 vs. 34.3 μkat/l, P ≤ 0.05). During the entire experiment, the total concentration of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and vitamin E rose, and thus in the 3rd month, the values in the experimental group were almost double that of the control group (cholesterol 7.28 vs. 3.69 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.0001; HDL-cholesterol 5.43 vs. 3.26 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.0001; vitamin E 19.9 vs. 10.3 μmol/l, P ≤ 0.0001). The proportion of HDL-cholesterol was lower in group E (3rd month 76.1 vs. 88.8%, P ≤ 0.001). We also determined a higher total anti-oxidant status of serum in group E in the second (0.96 vs. 0.90 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05) and third months of lactation (1.02 vs. 0.94 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05), while other parameters of the anti-oxidation system (glutathionperoxidase, superoxiddismutase) did not differ between groups. The total production of milk within the 100 days of lactation in both monitored groups was similar. In group E the concentration of milk protein was lower (3.18 vs. 3.45%, P ≤ 0.01), while the concentration of fat was insignificantly higher (3.55 vs. 3.21%) than in group C. The results of effect on reproduction did not differ significantly either, but the total percentage of gravidity was higher in the experimental group. Our results revealed that feeding of higher doses of lipid (6.99 %) fed in bypass form during the first month after parturition creates the health risk of a fatty liver, but no negative impact on the health of dairy cows was demonstrated during the peak period of lactation. Keywords: TAS, cholesterol, vitamin E, SOD, T3, T4, reproduction, blood Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 346-355 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5555-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5555-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200606-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:6:id:5555-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Jekl Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Author-Name: R. Halouzka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathological Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Knotkova Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Author-Name: G.M. Dorrestein Author-Workplace-Name: Diagnostic Laboratory of the NOIVBD, Veldhoven, The Netherlands Author-Name: Z. Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic, Title: -Lung hemorrhage in a green iguana (Iguana iguana) with chronic metabolic failure: a case report Abstract: A six year old male iguana (Iguana iguana) was brought to our clinic after a fall from a height of 1.5 meters. The patient showed apathy, dehydration, and paresis of all the limbs. Postural reflexes, palpebral reflex, and response to painful stimuli were minimal. The patient had extremely high levels of uric acid (1 734.0 µmol/l) and phosphorus (9.80 mmol/l), ratio of calcium to phosphorus (0.18), leucocytosis (23.3×109/l) with heterophilia (17.10×109/l), and high activity of ALT, AST and CK (2.09, 6.59, and 260.0 µkat/l). Tracheoscopy and pneumoscopy revealed presence of blood clots in the trachea and lungs with haemorrhage within the parenchyma. Based on the results of the clinical examination, endoscopy and laboratory diagnostics, the clinical diagnosis was chronic kidney failure, liver lipidosis and lung haemorrhage. Because of a very poor prognosis, the patient was euthanised. At necropsy, the signs of visceral gout and hepatomegaly with diffuse yellowish white discoloration and with dotted brown pigmentation were also observed. The kidneys were enlarged, and stained brown grayish. The gross and histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of visceral gout, chronic kidney failure, liver steatosis and granulomatous pneumonia, with lung haemorrhage associated with urate deposits in lung tissue and posttraumatic status. Keywords: renal disease, endoscopy, gout, trauma, liver lipidosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 356-363 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5556-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5556-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200606-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:6:id:5556-VETMED