Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Sladek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Rysanek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Ryznarova Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The role of neutrophil apoptosis during experimentally induced Streptococcus uberismastitis Abstract: The object of the study was to determine if apoptosis of neutrophils and their subsequent elimination from the mammary gland by macrophages are modulated by an infection of Streptococcus uberis. The experiments were carried out in 5 clinically normal Holstein × Bohemian Red Pied crossbred heifers, aged 14 to 18 months. Before the experimental infection mammary glands were stimulated by PBS as a control. The samples of cell populations were obtained by lavages of the mammary glands in 4 intervals (24, 48, 72 and 168 h) after the PBS and after the experimental infection. Flow cytometry was used to determine the Annexin V positive and propidium jodide negative neutrophils (Annexin V+/PI-). The light microscopy was used to determine apoptotic neutrophils and myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive macrophages. After PBS and S. uberis administration the total number of both Annexin V+/PI- neutrophils and karyopycnotic neutrophils peaked at 24 hours. The highest percentages of Annexin V+/PI- neutrophils were detected at 72 h after PBS and S. uberis, respectively. The highest percentages of karyopycnotic neutrophils were detected at 72 h after PBS and 168 h after S. uberis, respectively. The total number of MPO+ macrophages was the highest at 24 h after PBS and 72 h after S. uberis. The percentage of MPO+ macrophages was the highest at 72 h after PBS and S. uberis. The results of this study demonstrate that during experimental infection of the mammary gland by S. uberis, the apoptosis of neutrophils is modulated. Apoptosis of neutrophils and the subsequent phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages were delayed. This may cause the transition of the acute inflammatory reaction to a chronic state. Keywords: Streptococcus uberis, experimental infection, neutrophil apoptosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 437-447 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5571-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5571-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200609-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:5571-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Travnicek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Herzig Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kursa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Kroupova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Navratilova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Iodine content in raw milk Abstract: The paper presents the latest information on iodine content in raw milk, in the CzechRepublic. In 2005, iodine was determined using the Sandell-Kolthoff method in 169 milk samples, taken from transportation tanks (capacity 11 000-13 000 litres) of collecting milk for dairy processing, from 14 areas of South-western Bohemia. The average iodine content in milk samples was 442.5 ± 185.6 µg/l, minimum and maximum value were 68.6 and 1 000.6 µg/l respectively. 81.7% of the samples contained more than 250 µg/l. The average iodine content in milk from the collecting areas ranged from 230.2 ± 133.0 µg/l to 702.7 ± 166.2 µg/l (P < 0.001). In five collecting areas (i.e. 35.7%), means were higher than 500 µg/l. These values document the continuing trend of an increase in iodine content in raw cow's milk, as well as permanent local and regional differences. Higher mean values were determined in the period of winter feed rations (April 495.9 ± 50.8 and October 494.3 ± 176.4 µg/l), while lower values were measured during the period of summer feed rations (September 350.9 ± 178.4 µg I/l) (P < 0.01). If converted per dry matter, 1 kg of dry milk matter contained, on average, 3.428 ± 1.497 mg iodine, maximum and minimum values were 0.543 and 7.995 mg respectively. Keywords: milk, dry milk matter, season, iodine surplus Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 448-453 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5574-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5574-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200609-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:5574-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Lopatarova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Cech Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Holy Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dolezel Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of vitrification in open pulled straws on pregnancy rates after transfer of in vivoproduced bovine embryos Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy rates after transfer of in vivo produced embryos cryopreserved using open pulled straw (OPS) vitrification (Group V) or conventional freezing method as a control (Group C). Bovine embryos (Day6.5-7.5) collected from superovulated cows were classified according to developmental stages and morphological qualities (Grade 1 and 2) before cryopreservation and they were transferred to synchronized heifers after thawing. Pregnancy rates after transfer of morulae, early blastocysts and expanded blastocysts in Group V compared to Group C (54.5%, 12/22 vs. 56.0%, 14/25; 53.3%, 16/30 vs. 58.1%, 18/31 and 57.7%, 15/26 vs. 48.3%, 14/29) were not different (P > 0.05). Likewise, pregnancy rates after transfer of embryos of Grade 1 and 2 in Group V compared to Group C (55.1%, 43/78 vs. 54.1%, 46/85 and 36.4%, 12/33 vs. 32.9%, 23/70, respectively) were not different (P > 0.05). The study demonstrated similar viability of embryos which were frozen by vitrification or conventional method irrespective of their quality and developmental stage after transfer into recipients. Keywords: bovine embryo, superovulation, cryopreservation, freezing, thawing, vitrification, embryo transfer Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 454-460 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5576-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5576-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200609-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:5576-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Czanderlova Author-Workplace-Name: Sevaron Counselling Ltd., Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Hlozek Author-Workplace-Name: Genex CZ Ltd., Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Chmelar Author-Workplace-Name: National Reference Laboratories for Anaerobic Bacterials, Institute of Public Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Lany Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Clostridium perfringens in suckling piglets with diarrhoea and its PCR typing and prevalence in the Czech Republic in 2001-2003 Abstract: Out of the total of 153 farms under investigation that had been experiencing diarrhoea in suckling piglets, the presence of Clostridium perfringens was detected on 60 farms (39.2%). PCR typing of isolates prepared by anaerobic cultivation was carried out by multiplex PCR. C. perfringens type A (37.9%) and type C (1.3%) were detected on 58 and 2 farms, respectively. The cpb2 gene was found in 79.3% strains of C. perfringens type A and in 100% strains of type C. An evaluation of the prevalence of positive identification of C. perfringens with the cpb2 gene shows that the microorganism was diagnosed on large farms with the basic herd of over 700 or 1 000 sows significantly more frequently. None of the isolates was positive as to the specific sequences of the enterotoxin-coding gene. Keywords: Keywords: Clostridium perfringens, multiplex PCR, β 2-toxin, pig, enteritis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 461-467 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5578-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5578-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200609-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:5578-VETMED