Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.E. Shitaye Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Parmova Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Diagnostic Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Matlova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Dvorska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Horvathova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Vrbas Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterial and Rhodococcus equi infections in pigs in the Czech Republic between the years 1996 and 2004: the causal factors and distribution of infections in the tissues Abstract: Between 1996 and 2004, tissue samples from 3 630 slaughtered pigs were examined by gross examination, microscopy after the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining of homogenised tissues for the detection of acid-fast rods (AFR) and by culture for the presence of mycobacteria and Rhodococcus equi: 1 781 head lymph nodes (ln), 1 123 mesenteric ln, 54 pulmonary ln, 32 inguinal ln, 562 non-identified ln and 78 samples of tissues from parenchymatous organs (liver, spleen and kidneys). Tuberculous/tuberculoid lesions were not detected in 249 (6.9%) animals slaughtered due to a positive response to avian tuberculin. Various gross lesions were detected in 3 381 (93.1%) animals as follows: adenopathy in 150 (4.1%), tuberculous lesions with caseation in 2 026 (55.8%) and tuberculous lesions with calcification in 1 205 (33.2%) of them. AFR were found in tissues from 2 047 (56.4%) animals: in 36 (14.5%) animals free from gross lesions, in 28 (18.7%) animals with adenopathy, in 801 (39.5%) animals with caseation and in 913 (75.8%) animals with calcified tuberculous lesions. Mycobacteria were isolated from the tissues of 289 (15.8%) of 1 852 animals without detected AFR and from the tissues of 1 290 (72.5%) of the 1 778 animals with detected AFR of various intensities. Of 1 579 mycobacterial isolates 1 493 (94.6%) were classified as M. avium complex (MAC) members: 469 (29.7%) M. a. avium (IS901+, serotypes 1, 2, and 3) and 891 (56.4%) M. a. hominissuis (IS901-) isolates of serotypes 4 (n = 1), 8 (n = 643), 9 (n = 74) and non-typed (n = 173). The other 52 (3.3%) isolates were members of other mycobacterial species: M. chelonae (n = 35), M. smegmatis (n = 4), M. xenopi (n = 3), M. terrae (n = 7), M. aurum (n = 1), M. scrofulaceum (n = 1), M. fortuitum (n = 1) and biochemically non-identified mycobacteria (n = 34). By examination of ZN stained homogenised tissues, AFR were detected significantly more frequently (P < 0.01) in samples from animals with caseated and/or calcified tuberculous lesions than in tissues from animals without tuberculous lesions. The detection rate of isolates from tissues with tuberculous lesions was likewise significantly higher (P < 0.01) than from tissues without tuberculous lesions. Keywords: atypical mycobacteria, IS901, IS1245, PCR, serotyping, zoonosis, avian tuberculosis, economic losses, bovine tuberculosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 497-511 Volume: 51 Issue: 11 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5584-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5584-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200611-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:11:id:5584-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.E. Shitaye Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Getahun Author-Workplace-Name: Addis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author-Name: T. Alemayehu Author-Workplace-Name: Shola Veterinary Clinic and Laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Treml Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Fictum Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Vrbas Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: A prevalence study of bovine tuberculosis by using abattoir meat inspection and tuberculin skin testing data, histopathological and IS6110 PCR examination of tissues with tuberculous lesions in cattle inEthiopia Abstract: Post mortem surveillances, for the detection of tuberculous lesions in particular depend on the work load time and the diligence of the inspector conducting the examination. The first aim of the study was to determine the trend of occurrence of tuberculous lesions in two abattoirs in Addis Ababa and Debre-Zeit (Ethiopia). The second aim of the study was to determine prevalence of the tuberculin skin test results in 10 dairy farm areas in Addis Ababa. The third aim was to detect tuberculous lesions and causal agents from tissue samples of the respiratory tract and mesenteric lymph nodes of the slaughtered cattle. The ten year (1996-2005) retrospective analysis of the meat inspection of 2 455 289 slaughtered animals showed that 707 (0.028%) were found with tuberculous lesions in parenchymatous organs of which were 699 (0.052%) of 1 336 266 cattle, 4 (0.001%) of 534 436 sheep, 3 (0.001%) of 573 767 goats and 1 (0.009%) of 10 820 pigs. The tuberculous lesions found in cattle were statistically highly significant (P < 0.01) than in other animals. The bovine tuberculin skin tests were conducted in Addis Ababa in 10 farm areas in 85 dairy farms having 2 098 cattle. Positive reactions were obtained from 9 farm areas in 41 (48%) herds which included 392 (19%) of the animals. In a current study, tuberculous lesions were found in 34 (3.5%) animals by the meat inspection surveillance of 984 cattle. Histopathologically, granulomatous inflammation was evident in 3 (8.8%) animals with tuberculous lesions. A highly sensitive PCR (IS6110) was positive in 4 of 34 (11.8%) animals with tuberculous lesions and in 1 (2.9%) of animal without lesions. The analyzed data and these study findings indicated that tuberculosis in cattle is an existing problem inEthiopia which needs to be solved. Keywords: cattle, M. bovis, economic losses, veterinary meat inspection, zoonosis, Africa, food safety Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 512-522 Volume: 51 Issue: 11 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5585-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5585-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200611-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:11:id:5585-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Cvetnic Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: S. Spicic Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: V. Katalinic-Jankovic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: S. Marjanovic Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Obrovac Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Benic Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Mitak Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterium caprae infection in cattle and pigs on one family farm inCroatia: a case report Abstract: An outbreak of tuberculosis among bovines and pigs caused by Mycobacterium caprae is described in this paper. After tuberculin skin tests with bovine purified protein derivates (PPD) six cattle and one sow, own by a small family farm, tested positive whilst three pigs were suspected in 2004. All animals were euthanised and checked for gross pathological lesions. Generalised lesions were found in five cattle and two sows; however one calf and two gilts had lesions that were localised in the submandibular lymph nodes. Mycobacteria were isolated from tissue samples of six cattle and four pigs. Mycobacterial isolates were identified using classical biochemical tests and molecular methods (PCR, GenoType MTBC) as M. caprae. Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit (MIRU) typing of isolated mycobacteria showed an identical number of repeats in 12 different loci. Results of the research confirmed the domination of M. caprae among infected cattle in Croatia; however this paper was the first to confirm a case of M. caprae in pigs. The source of the infection was not found. Keywords: swine, zoonosis, epidemiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, food safety Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 523-531 Volume: 51 Issue: 11 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/5586-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5586-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200611-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:51:y:2006:i:11:id:5586-VETMED