Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Topic Popovic Author-Workplace-Name: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: R. Coz-Rakovac Author-Workplace-Name: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: I. Strunjak-Perovic Author-Workplace-Name: Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Commercial phenotypic tests (API 20E) in diagnosis of fish bacteria: a review Abstract: The available data concerning rapid identification of fish bacteria via commercial phenotypic tests demonstrate that there is no agreement regarding the choice of the tests. However, API 20E, an identification system for Enterobacteriaceae and other non-fastidious Gram-negative rods developed for clinical specimens, seems to be increasingly used for the identification of fish pathogens. In this review, adaptation of API 20E for fish bacterial isolates and its distinctiveness for fish bacteria was assessed. Some strains are wrongly identified because they are not included in the database of API 20E system. API 20E reactions should be compared with the diagnostic schemes based on reactions in conventional phenotypic tests. Due to their significance for fish health and impact on the aquaculture, and because of the need for their rapid identification, some important fish bacteria should be included in the API 20E system, such as Yersinia ruckeri, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Vibrio anguillarum. Keywords: API 20E, bacteria, diagnostics, fish Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 49-53 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2058-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2058-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2058-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Wrobel Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Kotwica Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Phytoestrogens reduce the effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on the contractility of bovine myometrium in vitro Abstract: Proper regulation of uterine contractility, both spontaneous and oxytocin (OT)-amplified, is essential for successful fertilization and maintenance of gestation. Previously, we showed that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), regarded as environmental pollutants, contributed to the increase in contractions of cyclic bovine uterus. In this paper, we hypothesized that phytoestrogens, plant-derived components, counteract the disruptive effects of PCBs. Therefore, we examined the in vitro effect (24-72 h) of coumestrol, daidzein, and genistein (10-6, 10-5M each) on spontaneous and OT-stimulated (10-7M) myometrial strips contractions. Moreover, the effect (48 h) of coumestrol (10-6M) or daidzein (10-5M), jointly with PCBs (77, 100 ng/ml; 126, 153, 10 ng/ml), on myometrial contractions was registered. The myometrium was the most relaxed (P < 0.05) when treated with coumestrol, while the force of myometrial spontaneous contractions increased the most (P < 0.05) when treated with daidzein. Daidzein (10-5M) also effectively increased the OT-stimulated force of contractions (P < 0.01). All phytoestrogens used affected the frequency and amplitude of myometrial contractions, though less markedly. Furthermore, coumestrol or daidzein reduced (P < 0.05) the spontaneous and OT-stimulated force of myometrial contractions, evoked by PCBs. Data suggest the effect of PCBs on myometrial contractility can be markedly reduced by some phytoestrogens. Keywords: phytoestrogens, PCBs, oxytocin, myometrium, contractions, cattle Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 55-62 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2053-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2053-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2053-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Kasteľ Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Bomba Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Pavel Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Vasko Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Trebunova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Mach Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Pavel Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: The effect of probiotics potentiated with polyunsaturated fatty acids on the digestive tract of germ-free piglets Abstract: Oil with higher a content of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was administered for 4 weeks to experimental germ-free piglets and from 21 days of age the piglets were inoculated perorally with probiotic micro-organisms Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei. Control piglets were administered saline solution in identical doses and starting from the fourth week were also supplemented with probiotics. At the age of 28 days, the number of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei that had adhered to jejunal mucosa of experimental piglets was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to that in the control group. The differences in the number of lactobacilli, which colonised mucosa of the ileum and colon of experimental and control piglets, were insignificant. With the exception of the stomach, the pH level in the digestive tract of piglets was lower in the experimental piglets. Significantly higher levels of propionic (P < 0.05), acetoacetic and succinic (P < 0.01) acids were observed in germ-free experimental piglets in colon. The differences in the level of lactic and acetic acid were insignificant. PUFA-potentiated probiotics positively affected the adhesion of lactobacilli, pH and the level of organic acids in the digestive tract of germ-free piglets. Supplementation of oil containing ω-3 PUFA significantly increased the blood level of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in experimental piglets at the expense of arachidonic acid in comparison with the control. Keywords: potentiated probiotics, supplementation, polyunsaturated fatty acids, piglets Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 63-68 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2055-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2055-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2055-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Pavlacik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Author-Name: V. Celer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Koubek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Literak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Title: Prevalence of canine distemper virus in wild mustelids in the Czech Republic and a case of canine distemper in young stone martens Abstract: Between 2001 and 2003, a total of 194 samples of brain tissues of wild mustelids from the Czech Republic were tested for the presence of canine distemper virus (CDV) by direct immunofluorescence examination. Out of 21 animals exhibiting symptoms of the disease or changed behaviour, one mustelid was CDV positive (5% prevalence). In this group, 1 out of 18 stone martens (Martes foina) was CDV positive, while 2 pine martens (Martes martes) and 1 Eurasian badger (Meles meles) were CDV negative. Of 173 animals with unknown case history, 1 sample was positive (0.6% prevalence). In this group of animals, 1 out of 19 Eurasian badgers was positive, and stone martens (n = 96), pine martens (n = 4), polecats (Mustela putorius) ((n = 28), steppe polecats (Mustela eversmani) (n = 4), common weasels (Mustela nivalis) (n = 4), stoats (Mustela erminea) (n = 3) and American minks (Mustela vison) (n = 19) were negative. Clinical distemper was demonstrated in three stone marten pup siblings. In two of the siblings, CDV was demonstrated in footpads. The third of the siblings survived the acute stage of the disease and had virus neutralizing antibodies from the end of the acute stage until 6 months after the end of the acute stage, with a maximum antibody titre of 32. During the acute stage and 7 months after the end of the acute stage, no virus neutralizing antibodies were found. Keywords: genus Morbillivirus, direct immunofluorescence test, serology, Eurasian badger, Martes foina, Meles meles Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 69-73 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2057-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2057-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2057-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.R. Alam Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: Y.G. Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.J. Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Family Animal Medical Clinic, Gunsan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: J.I. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: H.B. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: H.J. Tae Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: I.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Title: Male pseudohermaphroditism in dogs: three case reports Abstract: Three Cocker Spaniel dogs, 2-3 months old, weighing 3-4 kg, were presented to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Centre, Chonbuk National University, with intersex anomalies. Physical, radiological, gross, histological, hormonal and cytogenetic studies were performed. Physical examination of the external genitalia revealed that the dogs possessed the vulva with an enlarged clitoris protruding from the vulvar juncture and the scrotum with an undescended testis in Case 1 and 2, and both testes remained undescended in Case 3. Hyperoestrogenaemia and low testosterone serum concentrations were found. Laparotomy revealed persistent Mullerian ducts (PMD) in Case 1 and 2, and abdominally located testicle(s) in all the cases. Histological examinations of the gonads revealed inactive seminiferous tubules. Cytogenetic analysis showed 78XY male karyotype in Case 1 and 2, whereas Case 3 showed 79XX female karyotype. The congenital defects were diagnosed as male pseudohermaphroditism (MPH) and PMD in Case 1 and 2, and XX sex reversal MPH in Case 3. Keywords: male pseudohermaphroditism, XX sex reversal, persistent Mullerian duct, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 74-78 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2056-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2056-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2056-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Zert Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mezerova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Kabes Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Krisova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Sagittal fracture of the proximal phalanx in a horse complicated during induction of anesthesia by complete fragmentation of the bone: a case report Abstract: The case of a sagittal fracture P1 in the pelvic limb that was complicated during the flexion of the limb by lying down at the beginning of anesthesia, by complete fragmentation of bone is presented. Fragments were not seriously dislocated, but there was no stabile strut between the metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. The immediate fixation with lag screws and cast application resulted in complete primary healing and a successful return to training for flat racing. The real danger of complete fragmentation during the induction of anesthesia is documented in this case. For the prevention of such a complication it is recommended to put the horse into recumbence with the affected limb casted. The successful treatment of the comminuted P1 fracture by application of lag screws in the absence of a strut between both joints is described. Keywords: horse, fracture, P1, anesthesia, complication Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 79-82 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2052-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2052-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2052-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Perez Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay Author-Name: M. Lima Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay Title: Brief description of the cardiac anatomy in a tiger (Panthera tigris, Linnaeus, 1758): a case report Abstract: This article describes the cardiac anatomy of an 18-years-old male tiger that died at a local zoo. In general, the cardiac anatomy of this animal corresponded with that described for domestic carnivores. The left atrium received four pulmonary veins. In the right ventricle the musculus papillaris magnus and m. papillaris subarterial had the same size. In the left ventricle there was a greater development of the musculus papillaris subauricularis. The trabeculae carnae had a conspicuous size in a large part of the ventricles. The left coronary artery predominated, being responsible for the irrigation of the majority of the cardiac region; it divided itself into the ramus interventricularis paraconalis and circumflexus, the latter giving off the ramus interventricularis subsinuosus. Keywords: animal anatomy, heart anatomy, wild animals, Felidae, carnivores, coronary vessels Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 83-86 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2054-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2054-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200702-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:2:id:2054-VETMED