Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Hubalkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kralik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Tremlova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Rencova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Methods of gadoid fish species identification in food and their economic impact in the Czech Republic: a review Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to give an overview of imported and traded gadoid fish species (Gadiformes) in the Czech Republic and to describe available methods for their authentication. Due to the increasing interest of customers in the purchase of buy fish meat and other seafood animals, it is necessary to have available analytical methods with discriminating power of respective fish species. With regard to different values and prices of various fish species, these may be adultered. Until recently, electrophoretic, chromatographic and immunological methods based on the analysis of proteins extracted from fish musculature seemed to be promising. Using these methods, various fish species can be identified in fresh, chilled and frozen products. However, they often fail in heat treated products. Molecular biology methods based on DNA analysis are more reliable and suitable for the analysis of fish products that have been heat treated during the production process. Keywords: cod fish, fish species identification, electrophoresis, PCR-RFLP, cytochrome b gene, food adulteration Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 273-292 Volume: 52 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2044-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2044-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200707-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:7:id:2044-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Zalecki Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Calka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M. Lakomy Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Organization of acetylcholine containing structures in the cranial motor nuclei of the rhombencephalon of the pig Abstract: We explored the immunoreactivity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the cranial nerve motor nuclei of the porcine rhombencephalon to reveal the cholinergic nature of these regions. In our experiments we used an immunohistochemical method for the visualization of all acetylcholine-containing structures. All studied motor nuclei contained ChAT-positive cell bodies and fibres, but the intensity of staining differed between the nuclei. Furthermore, characteristic ChAT-immunoreactive bouton-like structures, which are known to be synaptic terminals of the cholinergic system, were observed in the borders of all studied regions. The localization of ChAT-positive "boutons" in the neuropil of the examined nuclei and their proximity to stained perikarya allowed us to differentiate two groups of motor nuclei in the rhombencephalon of the pig: (a) Nuclei containing ChAT-positive bouton-like structures dispersed in the neuropil, often establishing contacts with the stained cell bodies - motor trigeminal, abducent, facial, ambiguous and hypoglossal nuclei. (b) Nuclei in which characteristic boutons were dispersed among the ChAT-positive cells, but were devoid of any contact with perikarya - dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. These results provide new data on the porcine central nervous system and could be useful in further experiments on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - the disease that results in the progressive degeneration of motoneurons in the brain and spinal cord. Keywords: cranial nerve motor nuclei, choline acetyltransferase, immunoreactivity, swine Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 293-300 Volume: 52 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2041-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2041-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200707-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:7:id:2041-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Turutoglu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: D. Ozturk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: L. Guler Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: F. Pehlivanoglu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Title: Presence and characteristics of sorbitol-negative Escherichia coli O157 in healthy sheep faeces Abstract: The presence of sorbitol-negative Escherichia coli O157 was investigated in healthy Awassi sheep faeces from 175 randomly selected animals in Burdur province of Turkey. Out of 175 animals, 16 (9.1%) were faecal shedding of sorbitol-negative E. coli O157. Out of the 15 flocks included in the study, 7 (47%) had at least one sheep positive for sorbitol-negative E. coli O157. The isolation rate of sorbitol-negative E. coli O157 ranged from 8.3 to 60% among the animals tested in the flocks. A total of 16 ovine sorbitol-negative E. coli O157 strains were characterized by a multiplex PCR. Results showed that 6 (37.7%) strains carried stx1 gene, 3 (18.8%) stx2 gene and 1 (6.3%) both stx1 and stx2 genes. Intimin (eaeA) gene was detected in 4 (25%) of the strains. None of the strains encoding for stx genes was positive for eaeA gene. The results demonstrate that the majority of sorbitol-negative E. coli O157 strains (62.5%) isolated from Awassi sheep in Burdur province of Turkey are Shiga toxin-producing E. coli that have a potential as human pathogens. Keywords: sorbitol-negative Escherichia coli O157, sheep, virulence factors Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 301-307 Volume: 52 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2042-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2042-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200707-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:7:id:2042-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Reschova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Pokorova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Nevorankova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hulova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Vesely Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Detection of spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) with monoclonal antibodies Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), a severe disease in cyprinid fish, were prepared. Nine MAbs were characterised using Western blotting (WB) where all reacted with glycoprotein G, except for MAb 2E1, which showed no reactivity in WB. All nine MAbs showed specificity in an immunoperoxidase test. In ELISA assays, their titres ranged between 1:32 000 and 1:128 000. A panel of SVCV isolates from different European regions were set up and examined by sandwich ELISA assay using the MAbs at a concentration of 15 μg/ml. Only MAb 4C12/3C8 showed low sensitivity in most of the isolates at an absorbance of A450 the other MAbs, even the lowest absorbance value measured exceeded cut-off for evaluation of the whole reaction. No cross-reaction with the infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) or infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was demonstrated. 2E1 did not show cross-reactivity with PFRV classified in genogroup III-IV and reacted with a Czech SVCV isolate; its identity was confirmed by means of RT PCR assay. The others MAbs reacted positively with PFRV F4 reference strain, isolated from Esox lucius L. (genogroup III). Keywords: monoclonal antibodies, spring viraemia of carp, SVCV, diagnostics, ELISA Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 308-316 Volume: 52 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2043-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2043-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200707-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:52:y:2007:i:7:id:2043-VETMED