Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Jawor Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: S. Steiner Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: T. Stefaniak Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: W. Baumgartner Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: A. Rzasa Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Title: Determination of selected acute phase proteins during the treatment of limb diseases in dairy cows Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of fibrinogen, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A determination in the monitoring of the treatment of limb diseases in dairy cows. Fourteen lame cows were examined, while 10 clinically healthy cows constituted the control group. Blood samples from the ill animals were collected on three occasions: (1) upon arrival at the clinic, (2) between the third and sixth day after arriving, and (3) upon return to the owner. Blood samples from the control cows were collected once. Plasma levels of fibrinogen, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, and total serum protein and its fractions (albumin, α-, β-, γ-globulins) were measured. Significantly higher fibrinogen, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A levels were observed in the affected cows upon arrival at the clinic than in the control cows. Based on the changes in fibrinogen, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A concentrations, the cows were divided into those with a systematic decrease in acute-phase protein levels during treatment (Group I, n = 6) and those which showed an increase in one or more acute-phase proteins despite treatment (Group II, n = 8). A stepwise decrease in the examined acute-phase proteins was observed in the first group and indicated an uncomplicated course of treatment; however, treatment of the second group did not appear to be wholly successful. A majority of the cows under treatment (n = 13) exhibited abnormal levels of the examined acute-phase proteins upon return to the owner. This indicates that these patients did not recover completely. The monitoring of plasma acute-phase protein concentrations can be a valuable complement to the clinical assessment of the treatment course and in the early detection of disease complications. Keywords: fibrinogen, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, cattle, lameness, disease monitoring Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 173-183 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1920-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1920-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1920-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: U. Schoenhusen Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Author-Name: J. Voigt Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Author-Name: U. Hennig Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Author-Name: S. Kuhla Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Author-Name: R. Zitnan Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: W.-B. Souffrant Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner", Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany Title: Bacterial D-alanine concentrations as a marker of bacterial nitrogen in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs and cows Abstract: D-alanine (DAL) has been successfully used as a marker of bacterial nitrogen (N) in the small intestine of cows. This study compares DAL contents of intestinal bacteria in digesta of cows and pigs with respect to diet and sampling site. In isolated ileal bacteria of pigs a DAL/N ratio (41.72 ± 3.19 mg/g, n = 18) was found, which was not different from that in rumen bacteria (40.11 ± 1.95 mg/g, n = 18) but higher than in duodenal bacteria of cows (38.09 ± 2.09 mg/g, n = 18, P < 0.001). The DAL/N ratio in ileal bacteria of pigs was independent of the diet (P = 0.38) but it tended to be affected by the animal (P = 0.095). In bacterial preparations derived from cows, the DAL/N ratio depended on the diet (P = 0.04) and the site of sampling (P = 0.004). Our findings indicate that a general value for DAL/N ratio in pig or cow intestinal contents to calculate bacterial N should not be used. Keywords: D-alanine, bacterial nitrogen, marker concentration, intestine, pig, cow Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 184-192 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1922-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1922-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1922-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Kolodzieyski Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, South Korea Author-Name: B. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, South Korea Author-Name: H. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, South Korea Author-Name: H.S. Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, South Korea Author-Name: C.W. Lim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, South Korea Title: Prevalence of gastrospirillum-like organisms in pigs, cattle, and dogs: a comparison of diagnostic methods between species Abstract: A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of spiral-shaped bacteria in animals as a possible source of pathogens causing chronic changes in the human and animal stomach as well as in other parts of the digestive tract. This study was carried out in three different groups of animals, pigs, cattle and dogs. Swabs from the oral cavity of dogs (n = 198) were stained using Gram's method to evaluate gastrospirillum-like organisms (GLOs) and revealed two different types of GLOs with an incidence of 23.2% (46/198). The stomachs of the pigs (n = 104), cattle (n = 102), and dogs (n = 7) were collected for the urease test, brush cytology, light and electron microscopy, and PCR. A positive urease test was observed in 31.7% (33/104) of pigs, 90.2% (92/102) of cattle, and 85.7% (6/7) of dog samples. GLOs were detected in 37.5% (39/104) of pigs, 62.7% (64/102) of cattle, and 85.7% (6/7) of dog samples by brush cytology. Furthermore, positive PCR results were obtained in the stomach samples of dogs that had tested positive by both the urease test and brush cytology. The morphological study using brush cytology and scanning electron microscopy of a pig stomach revealed bacteria with the typical morphology of GLOs, which appeared to be similar to Helicobacter heilmanii. This study indicates that the urease test and brush cytology are useful tools for diagnosing GLOs in different animals. Moreover, the location of specimen collection can influence the diagnostic sensitivity of the examination. Keywords: pigs, cattle, dogs, stomach, urease test, brush cytology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 193-202 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1919-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1919-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1919-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Guevara Author-Workplace-Name: Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuola Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Riobamba, Ecuador Author-Name: T. Claeys Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: G.P.J. Janssens Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Title: Apparent digestibility in meat-type guinea pigs as determined by total collection or by internal marker Abstract: Six adult male meat-type guinea pigs were subjected to three subsequent digestibility trials with 100% alfalfa, 50% alfalfa and 50% sugar cane and 50% alfalfa and 50% concentrate. For each animal in each period, feed intakes were recorded and all faeces were collected and stored at -20°C until analysis. Feeds and faeces were analysed for dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, ether-extract, crude fibre and acid-insoluble ash. Coefficients of apparent digestibility were calculated according to both the total collection method and the marker method with acid-insoluble ash as internal marker. The present study suggests that acid-insoluble ash is not valid as an internal marker when looking at differences between individuals, but might be useful to demonstrate differences between diets, albeit with lack of accuracy for estimating the absolute digestibility coefficients obtained through the total collection method. Sugar cane was slightly less digestible than alfalfa in meat-type guinea-pigs. Keywords: guinea pigs, markers, digestion, feedstuffs Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 203-206 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1917-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1917-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1917-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.M. Ayaz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: M. Akhtar Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: I. Hussain Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: F. Muhammad Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: A.U. Haq Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Title: Immunoglobulin producing cells in chickens immunized with Eimeria tenella gametocyte antigen vaccines Abstract: The present paper reports on the IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies secreting cells (ASC) in the spleen of chickens vaccinated with E. tenella (local isolates) gametocyte vaccine(s) by using Enzyme Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Irrespective of the vaccine used, the number of IgG antibody secreting cells (ASC) in the spleen of orally vaccinated chickens was higher than the number of IgA and IgM ASC. Maximum numbers of IgG, IgA and IgM ASC were found in chickens vaccinated with sonicated gametocyte formalin inactivated vaccine (Group III) followed by formalin inactivated gametocytes (Group II) and gametocytes (Group I). The number of ASC (IgG, IgA and IgM) per 104 cells in spleen was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Group III as compared to Group II and Group I. Results of the challenge experiments revealed maximum protection against mixed species of the genus Eimeria in Group III (77.8%) followed by Group II (55.6%) and Group I (52.0%). Lesion scoring was directly proportional to the per cent mortality and oocysts per gram of droppings but inversely proportional to the per cent protection. Based on the results, it was assumed that the spleen in chickens is one of the major sources of cells producing IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies. Keywords: Eimeria tenella, gametocytes, antibodies secreting cells, ELISPOT Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 207-213 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1918-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1918-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1918-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.B. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: M.R. Alam Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: J.W. Seol Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 in early stages of canine osteoarthritis Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the synovial fluid (SF) and serum can be used as a marker for diagnosing the early stages of osteoarthritis (OA). We also wished to determine if identifiable differences in the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) could be detected in SF between normal joints and OA joints for the diagnosis of early OA. Ten skeletally mature beagle dogs underwent a unilateral surgical transection of the cranial cruciate ligament and medial meniscectomy. Five sham-operated beagle dogs were used as controls. The synovial fluid was collected in 1, 2 and 3 months and examined by western blotting for MMP-2 and ELISA for TIMP-2. The activity of TRAP in the SF and serum was measured using a spectrophotometer. In addition, the presence of TRAP positive cells in the synovium was identified by enzyme histochemistry. The level of the activity of TRAP and MMP-2 in the SF from the induced OA dogs was significantly higher than that of the control over a three-month period (P < 0.05). The TIMP-2 level in the SF was significantly lower in the induced OA dogs than in the control. However, there was no difference in TRAP activity in the serum. Histochemistry revealed a higher number of TRAP positive cells in the synovium from the induced OA dogs. Based on these data, we conclude that the activity of TRAP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in SF can be used as a biomarker to diagnose and monitor the early stages of OA. Keywords: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2, osteoarthritis, synovial fluid Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 214-220 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1921-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1921-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1921-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Floeck Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: S. Hoegler Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria Author-Name: R. Krametter-Froetscher Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Title: Ileal adenocarcinoma in a cow: a case report Abstract: An 11-year-old Pinzgauer cow was presented with signs of traumatic reticuloperitonitis. Sonographical examination revealed ascites, peritonitis and a dilated amotile small intestine, which was confirmed during laparotomy. On the basis of necropsy and pathohistological findings a diagnosis of metastasizing ileal adenocarcinoma was made. Keywords: small intestinal adenocarcinoma, cattle, tumour Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 221-223 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1924-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1924-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1924-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.B. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: M.R. Alam Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Reconstruction of the oesophagus using pedicle diaphragm and omentum flaps in a dog: a case report Abstract: A two-years-old, intact female, Shih-Tzu dog weighing 5 kg was presented to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, with the history of bone ingestion before two days. The survey radiographs of the thorax revealed a bone at the caudal thoracic oesophagus. An oesophagram was performed which did not reveal any oesophageal leakage or perforation. The left caudolateral thoracotomy was performed and the caudal oesophagus was found partially necrosed, friable and inflamed. The necrosed, friable part was removed and the oesophageal defect was reconstructed using a full-thickness muscle flap collected from the diaphragm. A part of the omentum was mobilized from the abdomen and sutured over the reconstructed site of the oesophagus to aid healing. Oesophagoscopy after nine days postoperatively showed a good adhesion of the diaphragm flap. The patient showed normal activity after 12 days and no complications were observed during a one-year follow up period. The pedicle flap collected from the left hemidiaphragm in addition to the omentum flap can be successfully used to reconstruct the circumferential oesophageal defect. Keywords: oesophageal reconstruction, diaphragm flap, omentum flap, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 224-228 Volume: 53 Issue: 4 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1923-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1923-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200804-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:4:id:1923-VETMED