Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Adlerova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Bartoskova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Lactoferrin: a review Abstract: This review discusses the biological properties of the glycoprotein lactoferrin. Lactoferrin has been identified in secretions from exocrine glands and in specific granules of neutrophils. After degranulation, neutrophils become the main source of lactoferrin in blood plasma. Lactoferrin possesses various biological functions, including roles in iron metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation, and antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic activity. Many of these functions do not appear to be connected with its iron binding ability. Of late, lactoferrin concentrations have been measured mostly in humans but also in some other species. However, the relationship between its concentration and physiological or pathological effects on body functions is not yet well characterised. Keywords: protein, glycoprotein, transferrin, milk, neutrophils, leukocytes, host defense, antimicrobial Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 457-468 Volume: 53 Issue: 9 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1978-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1978-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200809-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:9:id:1978-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Vass Author-Name: K. Hruska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Franek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Nitrofuran antibiotics: a review on the application, prohibition and residual analysis Abstract: Nitrofuran antibiotics, employed for the treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock production, were banned from use in the European Union (EU) in 1995 due to concerns about the carcinogenicity of their residues in edible tissue. This review provides an overview of nitrofuran toxicity, metabolism, and also specific aspects of legislation surrounding their prohibition. Special attention is devoted to semicarbazide - a nitrofuran metabolite and food contaminant. Analytical procedures for nitrofuran analysis in various matrices and validation requirements for screening and confirmation methods with respect to EU regulations are also reviewed. Keywords: nitrofurans, tissue bound metabolites, semicarbazide, bioavailability, mutagenicity, legislation, sample preparation, validation, detection methods Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 469-500 Volume: 53 Issue: 9 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1979-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1979-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200809-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:9:id:1979-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.B. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: D.Z. Guo Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: S.J. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: Y.H. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: H. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: H.T. Guo Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: Y. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Author-Name: D.C. Cheng Author-Workplace-Name: Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, China Title: Osteogenic actions of the osteogenic growth peptide on bovine marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in culture Abstract: The osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) regulates the differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived from human and rodent cell lines into osteoblasts. Whether OGP directly regulates the bovine marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into osteoblasts remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of OGP on the growth and differentiation of bovine marrow mesenchymal stem cells in culture. Our results showed that OGP promoted osteogenic differentiation of the bovine stem cells. OGP increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodule formation, and stimulated osteoblast-specific mRNA expression of Osteocalcin (BGP). On the other hand, OGP dose-dependently stimulated the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthases. These results show for the first time a direct osteogenic effect of OGP on bovine marrow stromal cells in culture, which could be mediated by induction of endothelial nitric oxide synthases. Keywords: osteogenic growth peptide, bovine, marrow stromal cells, eNOS Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 501-509 Volume: 53 Issue: 9 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1981-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1981-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200809-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:9:id:1981-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kopecna Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Parmova Author-Workplace-Name: State Veterinary Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Dvorska-Bartosova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Moravkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Babak Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Distribution and transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) studied by faecal culture, serology and IS900 RFLP examinations Abstract: The objectives of this study were the determination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) distribution in organs of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) and the investigation of its vertical and horizontal spread among animals, using serology, cultivation and the standardized IS900 RFLP method. During the three year of study, the production of antibodies for MAP increased from 0 in the first year to 7.7% (positive) and 0 to 88.5% (dubious) in the third year of the study. The first performed global culture examination of faecal samples from 28 animals was negative for MAP. In the three subsequent examinations of animals, the following positivity was found: 5.9%, 34.6%, and 36.8%, respectively. In the last year of the study, clinical signs such as diarrhoea were observed in four animals. The animals with clinical symptoms and those that were found to be infected with MAP by serology or faecal culture were euthanized. MAP was isolated from the intestinal tract and pulmonary lymph (tracheobronchial or mediastinal lymph nodes) nodes of all studied animals. Apart of this MAP was also isolated from reproductive organs, such as the mammary gland, milk, uterus, amniotic fluid and testicles. Application of the IS900 RFLP method revealed that the prevailing MAP isolates were of RFLP type B-C1; this profile was found in all types of tissue samples as well as in faeces, milk and amniotic fluid. In five animals a mixed infection of two profiles B-C1 and B-C5 or B-C1 and B-C16 was detected. Keywords: Johne's disease, epidemiology, Crohn's disease, food safety, ecology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 510-523 Volume: 53 Issue: 9 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1980-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1980-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200809-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:9:id:1980-VETMED