Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Rymaszewska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: S. Grenda Author-Workplace-Name: Voivodship Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, Gorzow WLKP, Poland Title: Bacteria of the genus Anaplasma - characteristics of Anaplasma and their vectors: a review Abstract: Over recent years, there has been a growing interest in bacteria from the genus Anaplasma, especially the species A. marginale, A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum. It is connected with the pathogenic activity of these bacteria in farm animals, and also, though to a lesser degree, in humans. Anaplasmosis, a disease caused by various species of anaplasma, is an especially important issue for animal breeders. The main vectors of the Anaplasma bacteria are ticks, common arachnida occurring everywhere in the world, especially the genera Ixodes, Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma. The genus Anaplasma includes obligate intracellular bacteria, parasitizing in the vacuoles of cells in eukaryotic hosts. A. marginale, A. centrale, A. ovis andA. bovis are obligate intracellular bacteria parasitizing in erythrocytes and monocytes of higher vertebrates, mostly ruminants. A. platys is mainly a pathogen of canines (displaying tropism to thrombocytes) and the species A. phagocytophilum (displaying tropism to granulocytes) is pathogenic to people and domestic animals. In this paper we present characteristics and differentiation of six species of the genus Anaplasma and their vectors in the world. Keywords: ticks, Anaplasma vectors, anaplasmosis, bacteria from the genus Anaplasma Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 573-584 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1861-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1861-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1861-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pohanka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of Biological Defence, Techonin, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Hubalek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Neubauerova Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of Biological Defence, Techonin, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Macela Author-Workplace-Name: University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Bandouchova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pikula Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Current and emerging assays for Francisella tularensis detection: a review Abstract: This paper presents an overview of methods for detection and identification of the pathogenic bacterium Francisella tularensis such as cultivation tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, immunosensor, microarray, mass spectrometry, and chromatography. Included references are chosen according to their practical importance or perspectives for the future. Keywords: tularaemia, zoonosis, diagnostic techniques, identification Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 585-594 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1862-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1862-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1862-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Lopatarova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Cech Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Krontorad Author-Workplace-Name: BOVET Company, Sloupnice, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Holy Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hlavicova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dolezel Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Sex determination in bisected bovine embryos and conception rate after the transfer of female demi-embryos Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of sex determination after microsurgical splitting of D7 (Day 7) bovine embryos and to test the conception rate after subsequent transfer of female demi-embryos. High-quality morulae (n = 100) and early blastocysts (n = 123) obtained from superovulated donors were microsurgically bisected and blastomeres biopsied from one half of bisected embryos were analysed by PCR using specific primers for the Y-chromosome determinant. The female demi-embryos were transferred (ET) in pairs (bilateral) or individually (ipsilateral) to synchronized recipients. Sex determination was successfully completed in 92% of morulae (42.4% female) and 89.4% of early blastocysts (43.6% female). Conception rates were 56.5% (30.4% identical twins) and 48.8% (19.5% identical twins) after bilateral (n = 46) and ipsilateral (n = 82) transfers, respectively. The number of foetuses in relation to the number of original embryos before splitting was 40/46 (87%) and 40/41 (97.6%) after bilateral and ipsilateral transfers of demi-embryos, respectively. The results document that the microsurgical bisection in combination with PCR sex analysis represents a rapid and reliable approach to increase an amount of sex-desired calves in embryo transfer programs. Keywords: cattle, embryo, superovulation, splitting, sexing, polymerase chain reaction, embryo transfer Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 595-603 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1864-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1864-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1864-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Balogh Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: O. Szepes Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: K. Kovacs Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Herceghalom, Hungary Author-Name: M. Kulcsar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: J. Reiczigel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: J.A. Alcazar Author-Workplace-Name: College of Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Author-Name: M. Keresztes Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: H. Febel Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Herceghalom, Hungary Author-Name: J. Bartyik Author-Workplace-Name: Enying Agricultural Co., Polgardi-Kiscseripuszta, Hungary Author-Name: S. Gy. Fekete Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: L. Fesus Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Herceghalom, Hungary Author-Name: Gy. Huszenicza Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary Title: Interrelationships of growth hormone AluI polymorphism, insulinresistance, milk production and reproductive performance in Holstein-Friesian cos Abstract: Healthy multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows (n = 22, parity: 2-4) from a large-scale dairy herd in Hungary were subjected to an intravenous glucose tolerance test 10-15 days after calving. AluI genotype of growth hormone, several plasma metabolites and metabolic hormones were determined, and current and previous lactation yields were recorded. We also used the Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (RQUICKI) and its modified version (RQUICKIBHB) for the estimation of peripheral insulin sensitivity. The majority of cows (n = 18) was leucine homozygous (LL), four were heterozygous (LV) and there were no valine homozygous (VV) animals in the population. Current average milk production was not different between AluI genotypes, but LV cows tended to have higher 305-day previous lactation yields (P = 0.13). AluI polymorphism was not associated with any of the calculated glucose and leptin parameters of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (P > 0.58). Heterozygous cows were prone to higher basal insulin levels (P = 0.064), longer time to reach half of the maximal and basal insulin concentrations (P = 0.035 and P = 0.054, respectively) and larger insulin area under the curve (P = 0.032). Both RQUICKI and RQUICKIBHB estimated decreased insulin sensitivity in LV compared to LL cows (P = 0.055 and P = 0.044, respectively). Higher plasma NEFA and BHB levels accounted for slower glucose disappearance and lower insulin release and insulin clearance rate (P < 0.05). Average yield was inversely related to glucose area under the curve (P = 0.040) and time to reach baseline concentration (P = 0.005). Plasma cortisol lowered glucose clearance rate (P = 0.040) and prolonged time to reach basal levels (P = 0.006). More weight loss was associated with higher glucose peak and prolonged glucose disappearance time (P = 0.055 and P = 0.024, respectively). All cows became cyclic and showed signs of estrus during the study period. There were no differences between leucine homozygous and heterozygous animals in the onset of ovarian activity and in the time of first observed estrus (P > 0.540). We conclude that Holstein-Friesian cows heterozygous for AluI polymorphism of the growth hormone gene may be more likely to develop insulin resistance during early lactation than leucine homozygous cows. Decreased insulin sensitivity could be part of a homeorhetic adaptation process that supports nutrient partioning for the use of the mammary gland and may allow LV cows to reach higher yields throughout lactation. Keywords: growth hormone, AluI polymorphism, dairy cow, postpartum, glucose tolerance test, first ovulation Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 604-616 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1865-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1865-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1865-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Oryan Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: S.M. Sadjjadi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: D. Mehrabani Author-Workplace-Name: Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: M. Kargar Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Title: Spirocercosis and its complications in stray dogs in Shiraz, southern Iran Abstract: Spirocerca lupi is accepted in Veterinary Medicine as the cause of true malignancies in dogs. Aortic lesions and esophageal nodular granulomas are pathological lesions of spirocercosis that are considered to be pathognomic for this disease. Post mortem and histopathological studies of 105 stray dogs both male and female of different age groups from various residential areas were performed and their esophagus were examined for any lesions and helminthic parasites. Twenty dogs (19.04%) were infected with S. lupi. The infection rate was significantly higher in dogs greater than one year old (23.5%) and in western areas (36.4%) with similar prevalence rate in males and females. At histopathologic level, two isolate but closely related fibrosarcoma masses were situated at the distal portion of the thoracic esophagus of one dog and in the site of junction of esophagus and stomach of another one. Metastasis were observed in the lung and mediastinal lymph nodes of one of the dogs. Despite presence of large population of stray dogs little information is available about S. lupi in this country, so this study was undertaken to obtain an overall picture of this infection in stray dogs of Shiraz area, southern Iran. Keywords: spirocercosis, dog, esophagus, fibrosarcoma, Iran Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 617-624 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1866-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1866-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1866-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Krametter-Froetscher Author-Workplace-Name: Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: C. Schmitz Author-Workplace-Name: Schlossstraße 17, 5550 Radstadt, Austria Author-Name: V. Benetka Author-Workplace-Name: Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Z. Bago Author-Workplace-Name: Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Moedling, Austria Author-Name: K. Moestl Author-Workplace-Name: Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: E. Vanek Author-Workplace-Name: Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Moedling, Austria Author-Name: W. Baumgartner Author-Workplace-Name: Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Title: First descriptive study of an outbreak of Border disease in a sheep flock in Austria - a high risk factor for Bovine viral diarrhea virus free cattle herds: a case report Abstract: Described is the first outbreak of Border disease in a sheep flock in Austria and its impact on the cattle housed on the same farm. Border disease virus infected sheep are a high risk for pestivirus introduction in susceptible cattle herds and should therefore induce a complete revision of the Austrian Bovine viral diarrhea virus program. Keywords: Border disease, sheep, cattle, Austria Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 625-628 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1868-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1868-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1868-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Plavec Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: I. Zdovc Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: P. Juntes Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: T. Svara Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: S. Suhadolc Scholten Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: A. Nemec Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: A. Domanjko Petric Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: N. Tozon Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Title: Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Serratia marcescens after tooth extraction in a Doberman Pinscher: a case report Abstract: : A 3-year-old Doberman Pinscher was referred to the Clinic for Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty of Ljubljana for cardiologic examination due to lethargy, inappetence and lateral abdominal wall oedema. The dog had been treated at the primary veterinary practice for tooth granuloma two days before the presentation. During the course of the disease a presumptive diagnosis necrotizing fasciitis was ascertained and Serratia marcescens organism was isolated from the ventral body wall tissue, from the wound in the oral cavity and other organs in the body. Systemic signs developed concomitantly with the progression of the local disease. Due to grave prognosis the dog was euthanised. This is the first report of a necrotizing fasciitis in a dog caused by S. marcescens and also the first one suspected to occur after the dental procedure. Keywords: fascial tissue infection, Serratia marcescens, dental procedure, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 629-635 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1863-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1863-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1863-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.C. Perez-Marin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: L. Molina Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: J.M. Dominguez Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: Y. Millan Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: J. Martin de las Mulas Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Title: Incidental finding of uterine adenomyosis in a bitch with reproductive disorders: a case report Abstract: Uterine adenomyosis, a disease not widely addressed in dogs, is characterised by the progressive penetration of endometrial glands and stroma into the myometrium, together with smooth-muscle hyperplasia. This report describes a case of adenomyosis in an 8-year-old German Shepherd bitch with mammary tumours, concomitant with cystic ovarian disease and endometrial cystic hyperplasia. Clinical signs included presence of small nodules and enlargement of mammary glands, and bloody uterine discharge. Ultrasonography confirmed the uterine and ovarian abnormalities, while the diagnosis was later confirmed by histopathological examination. The findings are discussed as possibly related to the reproductive disorders observed, and a hypothetical participation of hormonal factors, as has been described in woman, is suggested. However, further studies must be realized. Keywords: adenomyosis, ovarian cysts, mammary tumour, infertility Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 636-640 Volume: 53 Issue: 11 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/1867-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1867-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200811-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:53:y:2008:i:11:id:1867-VETMED