Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Podhorec Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodnany, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kouril Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodnany, Czech Republic Title: Induction of final oocyte maturation in Cyprinidae fish by hypothalamic factors: a review Abstract: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone in Cyprinidae as in other Vertebrates functions as a brain signal which stimulates the secretion of luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland. Two forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone have been identified in cyprinids, chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone II and salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Hypohysiotropic functions are fulfilled mainly by salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone. The only known factor having an inhibitory effect on LH secretion in the family Cyprinidae is dopamine. Most cyprinids reared under controlled conditions exhibit signs of reproductive dysfunction, which is manifested in the failure to undergo final oocyte maturation and ovulation. In captivity a disruption of endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation occurs and sequentially that of luteinizing hormone, which is indispensible for the final phases of gametogenesis. In addition to methods based on the application of exogenous gonadotropins, the usage of a method functioning on the basis of hypothalamic control of final oocyte maturation and ovulation has become popular recently. The replacement of natural gonadotropin-releasing hormones with chemically synthesized gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues characterized by amino acid substitutions at positions sensitive to enzymatic degradation has resulted in a centuple increase in the effectiveness of luteinizing hormone secretion induction. Combining gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues with Dopamine inhibitory factors have made it possible to develop an extremely effective agent, which is necessary for the successful artificial reproduction of cyprinids. Keywords: reproductive dysfunction, ovulation, luteinizing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropin, dopamine, dopamine antagonist, cyprinids Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 97-110 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/50/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/50/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:50-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pate Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Ocepek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: I. Zdovc Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: C. Minato Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: Y. Ohtsu Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: M. Matsuoka Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: Y. Honda Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: L. Hashimoto Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: Y. Sasaki Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: T. Kakuda Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Author-Name: S. Takai Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan Title: Intermediately virulent Rhodococcus equi isolates from pigs in Slovenia: discovery of new plasmid types and assessment of genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis Abstract: The presence of large plasmids in 30 Rhodococcus equi strains isolated from pig lymph nodes with granulomatous changes was investigated. Plasmid DNAs were isolated and digested with the restriction endonucleases BamHI, EcoRI, EcoT22I and HindIII for detailed comparison and estimation of plasmid sizes. A total of nine isolates were identified as intermediately virulent (VapB-positive), harbouring large plasmids of type 5 (n = 5) and four new variants that we tentatively designated as type 19 (n = 1), 20 (n = 1), 21 (n = 1) and 24 (n = 1). All isolates were subjected to genotyping with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). High genetic diversity was observed: 21 distinct genotypes were detected; five were found in multiple isolates and the others were unique. Isolates of the same plasmid type exhibited different PFGE profiles and vice versa. In a few cases, multiple strains from certain farms were analysed, the majority of which exhibited diverse PFGE profiles. Our findings demonstrate the presence of a wide variety of R. equi strains even in small confined environments such as farms. This is the first molecular epidemiology study of intermediately virulent R. equi isolates from Slovenian pigs. Keywords: genotyping, molecular epidemiology, restriction enzyme analysis, virulence-associated genes Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 111-117 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/3050-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3050-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:3050-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.B. Arciszewski Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: S. Barabasz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: J. Calka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warmia and Mazury University, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Expression of substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and galanin in cultured myenteric neurons from the ovine abomasums Abstract: Enteric neurons are able to alter their neurotransmitter content during adaptation to new artificial conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP) and galanin expression during culture of myenteric neurons from the ovine abomasum. In order to accurately reflect the in vivo situation cryostat sections from the ovine abomasum were used. Cultured and non-cultured myenteric neurons were immunohistochemically stained with a mixture of antibodies raised against Hu C/D (neuronal marker) and VIP, SP or galanin. Double labeling revealed that Hu C/D-IR/VIP-IR myenteric neurons were very rare in cryostat sections (1.4 ± 0.2%) but significantly increased to 21.3 ± 1.7% when cultured for three days. A significant increase in Hu C/D-positive/VIP-positive myenteric neurons were also found in 6- and 9-days cultures (23.9 ± 1.9 and 24.5 ± 2.0%, respectively). In vivo, the expression of SP was found in 9.7 ± 1.0% of myenteric perikarya. After 3, 6 and 9 days of incubation the proportion of Hu C/D-IR/SP-IR myenteric perikarya significantly increased to 19.3 ± 1.3%, 22.3 ± 1.2% and 24.1 ± 1.7% (respectively). When compared to the in vivo situation the proportion of galanin-expressing myenteric neurons was unchanged after 3, 6 and 9 days of culturing. In conclusion, alterations in VIP and SP (but not galanin) expression occur during neuronal culturing. Our results supports the idea that both VIP and SP may act as factors which increase neuronal survival. Keywords: enteric nervous system, myenteric neurons, neuronal plasticity, neuropeptides, abomasum, sheep Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 118-124 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/3087-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3087-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:3087-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Misurova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Pavlata Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Pechova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dvorak Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Selenium metabolism in goats - maternal transfer of selenium to newborn kids Abstract: The aim of our study was to compare the concentration of selenium (Se) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the whole blood of goats and their newborn kids. The experiment involved 25 gravid, clinically healthy goats of the white shorthaired breed. On the day of delivery, we took whole blood from the mother and her newborn kid before the kid drank the first colostrum. In mothers, the measured average concentration of Se in whole blood was 149.60 ± 45.01 μg/l, the average concentration of Se in kids was 87.91 ± 29.66 μg/l. Average activity of GSH-Px in the blood of mothers was 938.46 ± 341.09 μkat/l, and in the blood of kids 658.20 ± 339.13 μkat/l. Regression and correlation analysis produced regression line formulas and correlation coefficients that revealed a close, statistically significant relation (P < 0.01) between the concentration of Se in the blood of mothers and their kids and the activity of GSH-Px in mothers and their kids. The relation between the concentration of Se in the blood (μg/l) of mothers and kids was γ= 0.484x + 15.55; r = 0.73, the relation between the activity of GSH-Px in blood (μkat/l) of mothers and their kids was γ = 0.809x - 101.27; r = 0.80. The concentration of Se and activity of GSH-Px was lower in newborn kids than in their mothers, reaching approximately 60-70% of the mother's levels. The relation between the concentration of Se and activity of GSH-Px in the blood of goats was γ = 4.23x + 276.31; r = 0.64 (P < 0.01) and the relation between the concentration of Se and the activity of GSH-Px in the blood of kids was γ = 6.556x + 64.70; r = 0.83 (P < 0.01). It follows that a Se concentration of 100 μg/l corresponds to a GSH-Px activity of 699.51 μkat/l in the blood of mothers and 720.34 μkat/l in the blood of kids. The results show the need to provide for a sufficient Se saturation of goats with a view to preventing Se deficiency in kids and that the Se concentration in the blood of newborn kids is physiologically about 40% lower in comparison with the Se concentration in the blood of their mothers. This should be taken into account when interpreting the results and assessing the reference values of Se concentration in the blood of kids. Keywords: mother-young, ruminants, trace element, glutathione peroxidase Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 125-130 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/3088-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3088-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:3088-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Velisek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology Vodnany, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology Vodnany, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Piackova Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology Vodnany, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: Effects of acute exposure to bifenthrin on some haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Abstract: : The effect of the pyrethroid, bifenthrin, on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was assessed based on biochemical, haematological and histopathological examination of fish exposed to Talstar 10 EC pesticide preparation (active substance 100 g/l bifenthrin) at a concentration of 14.7 μg/l. There was a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in plasma ammonia, and significant (P < 0.01) increase in glucose, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. Haematologically, fish showed a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in mean erythrocyte volume, erythrocyte haemoglobin, and band neutrophil granulocytes compared to controls. Degeneration of hepatocytes was observed histologically. The bifenthrin-based Talstar 10 EC pesticide preparation was therefore classified as a substance strongly toxic to fish. Keywords: pyrethroids, acute toxicity, haematological profile, biochemical profile of blood, histopathology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 131-137 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/15/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/15/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:15-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Timurkaan Author-Workplace-Name: Sivrice Vocational School, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: M. Aydin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: F. Yilmaz Author-Workplace-Name: School of Health Sciences, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A. Cevik Author-Workplace-Name: Sivrice Vocational School, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Title: Vaginal fibroleiomyoma in a cow: a case report Abstract: : This paper describes a case of fibroleiomyoma seen in the vagina of a cow, diagnosed on the basis of macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. A five year-old female, Simmental and Brown Swiss crossbreed cow presented with six neoplastic masses located on the vaginal wall. The masses were surgically removed through the vaginal route and were firm and well demarcated. Microscopic examination showed that the non-encapsulated neoplastic nodules consisted of the admixture of smooth muscle and connective tissue. Immunohistochemical examination revealed strong focal positive reactions for smooth muscle actin and vimentin, but no positive reaction for CD 68. The tumour reported here was considered benign because of the lack of clear pleomorphism, invasivness, multinuclear giant cells and atypia, and low mitotic activity. Keywords: vagina, fibroleiomyoma, pathology, cow Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 138-141 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/7/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:7-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Lew Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: S. Lew Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Biology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Combined iridencleisis and posterior sclerectomy in surgical treatment of glaucoma secondary to uveitis in a dog: a case report Abstract: In early diagnosed and causally treated cases of secondary glaucoma, it is possible to save the sight in a glaucomatous eye and to preserve the sight in a healthy eye. The most common causes of secondary glaucoma include anterior uveitis, in which diverse pathological processes can lead to an increase in IOP. In cases of treating glaucoma secondary to uveitis with annular posterior synechiae in connection with peripheral anterior synechiae, iridencleisis is the method of choice. This article presents the results of the eight-month treatment of such a case with iridencleisis combined with posterior sclerectomy. This method makes it possible to increase the area of aqueous humour outflow to the subconjunctival space. The treatment resulted in the reduction of IOP in the left eye from the preoperative value of 72 mmHg to 15 mmHg, which was maintained at a constant level during the eight-month period following the surgery. Sight assessment in the operated eye, carried out on the basis of PLR, menace and dazzle response, brought a moderately positive result. Keywords: iridencleisis, sclerectomy, secondary glaucoma, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 142-148 Volume: 54 Issue: 3 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/3052-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3052-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200903-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:3:id:3052-VETMED