Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Rajchard Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: Ultraviolet (UV) light perception by birds: a review Abstract: The ability to perceive the near ultraviolet part of the light spectrum (the wavelength 320-400 nm) has been detected in many bird species. This ability is an important bird sense. The ecological importance of UV perception has been studied mainly in the context of intra- and inter-sexual signalling, common species communication and also in foraging. Some birds of prey use UV reflectance in their feeding strategy: e.g., the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), but also other birds of prey are able to recognize the presence of voles by perceiving the UV reflectance of their scent urine marks. The ability to detect the presence of prey is a common feature of birds with analogous feeding spectra in taxonomically distinct species. UV perception and its use in foraging have also been proved in predominantly herbivorous bird species. This ability is possessed both by bird species living in northern habitats and others living in tropical forests. The signalling and communication role of the UV perception is very important. The plumage of many bird species shows specific colour features - e.g., sexually different regions in plumage coloration unnoticed by the human eye. Also other body parts can have similar features - e.g., supra-orbital combs in the red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus). All these characteristics are important primarily in the mate-choice decision. Birds apparently also use their ability of UV perception for recognition of their own eggs. Some bird species are able to modify plumage UV reflectance by uropygial secretions. The knowledge of all specific aspects of bird physiology can significantly help both breeders of various bird species and facilitate effective veterinary care. Keywords: UV, reflectance, food detection, coloring, plumage, communication Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 351-359 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/110/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:110-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Alvarez-Perez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: P. Alba Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: J.L. Blanco Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: M.E. Garcia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Title: Detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in pig feces by PCR Abstract: : Clostridium difficile is considered an important uncontrolled cause of neonatal diarrhea. Also, the presence of bacteria in the feces of the animal could represent a zoonosic risk for the contamination of meat products. Therefore, it is necessary to have procedures available for the early detection of C. difficile in animals. The current study describes a new semi-automated procedure for the recovery of C. difficile DNA from pig feces and subsequent amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of three different sequences: the triose phosphate isomerase gene tpi, specific for this bacterial species, and the tcdA and tcdB genes, which code for the A and B toxins of C. difficile, respectively. Twenty-two fecal samples microbiologically positive for C. difficile were used. The tpi and tcdA genes were amplified in all of them. The internal fragment of tcdB was detected from 21 of these extracts; the negative sample gave a positive result when a different primer pair was used. None of the 10 DNA extracts obtained from culture-negative samples gave a positive result. The method presented in this article eliminates the interference caused by the possible presence of PCR inhibitors. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of a PCR procedure for detection of C. difficile DNA from domestic animal feces. Keywords: Clostridium difficile, DNA isolation, feces, molecular diagnostic, pig, toxin Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 360-366 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/76/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/76/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:76-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Franz Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: A.M. Dadak Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: G. Schoffmann Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: J.L. Khol Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: W. Baumgartner Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: G. Dupre Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Title: Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy: an experimental study in male sheep Abstract: Aim: To describe a technique of laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy in male sheep. Experimental animals: five healthy male sheep aged approximately nine months (mean weight: 39.6 ± 1.51 kg). Laparoscopy was performed on sheep placed under general anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency. A 10-mm laparoscope was inserted through the right paramedian region between the xiphoid and preputial orifice. After creation of a capnoperitoneum, grasping forceps were inserted through the left paramedian region close to the last pair of teats. The urinary bladder was elevated using grasping forceps and exteriorized through an abdominal incision. The bladder was opened extracorporeally, lavaged, closed, and then repositioned. A pigtail balloon catheter was subsequently inserted percutaneously under laparoscopic control and removed ten days later. A repeat laparoscopy was performed at 14 days after the first procedure to assess gross pathological changes. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy was successfully performed on all sheep. In one sheep, both the ventral and dorsal bladder walls were inadvertently perforated when placing the urinary catheter. The postoperative course was favourable: all sheep had a good appetite and showed no pathological findings during physical examination. During the repeat laparoscopy, it was observed that one sheep had developed a focal adhesion of the parietal peritoneum to the bladder catheter portal site. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy with catheter implantation is shown to be feasible in male sheep. This technique may be useful for removal of uroliths in patients suffering from obstructive urolithiasis opening the urinary bladder and for performing urinary diversion. Keywords: minimal invasive surgery, urolithiasis, sheep, surgical treatment Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 367-373 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/106/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/106/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:106-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Bezdekova Author-Workplace-Name: Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Esophago-gastroduodenal ulceration complicated by duodenal perforation in a three year old Thoroughbred colt: a case report Abstract: : A three year old Thoroughbred colt was admitted to our clinic because of chronic inapetence, weight loss and exercise intolerance. Clinical examination, blood examination and endoscopy were carried out. The endoscopic appearance of the distal esophagus was characterized by extensive and severe ulceration. Gastroscopy revealed severe diffuse ulceration of the entire nonglandular mucosa. A diagnosis of esophago-gastric ulceration and delayed gastric emptying was made. Shortly after endoscopic examination the colt developed acute severe colic with profuse diarrhea and was euthanized. Necropsy and histopathology were performed. The most notable abnormalities were severe and extensive esophageal, gastric and duodenal ulcerations. One duodenal ulcer was perforated and acute septic peritonitis developed. The diagnosis was thus confirmed and extended - esophago-gastroduodenal ulceration with complication of duodenal perforation. Keywords: equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS), duodenal perforation, diarrhoea, peritonitis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 374-378 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/114/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:114-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Blaszak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: M. Walkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: M. Ibbs Author-Workplace-Name: Departament of Tumour Pathology, Wielkopolska Oncology Center, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: J.M. Jaskowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Title: Teratoma adultum in a bitch: a case report Abstract: This case report concerns a two year old female mongrel weighing about 25 kg which was admitted to an animal shelter. A grapefruit-sized mass was found in the animal's left ovary during a routinely performed ovariohysterectomy. On sectioning, the mass revealed cysts containing tufts of hair in creamy white sebaceous fluid. A histological examination revealed a mixture of tissues. The tumor was diagnosed as a mature teratoma (teratoma adultum). Keywords: canine, germ, ovary, tumor Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 379-381 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/79/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/79/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:79-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Serin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey Author-Name: R. Yaygingul Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey Author-Name: T. Tarimcilar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey Author-Name: M. Sarierler Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey Title: An incarcerated inguinal hysterocele in a pregnant bitch: a case report Abstract: A 3.5-year-old Boxer breed bitch was referred to our clinic with a history of progressive and painless inguinal mass on the left side with no significant general symptoms. Ultrasonographic examination of the inguinal mass and abdomen revealed a hypo echoic area covered with a hyper echoic capsule in inguinal mass and also two 40-day-old live foetuses, respectively. During ventral midline laparotomy, an incarcerated left uterus horn was detected in an inguinal hernia. A successful herniorraphy and ovariohysterectomy was performed in one session. A dead foetus was detected histopathologically in the herniated uterine horn. The main differential in this case was a severe incarceration and foetal death in the herniated uterus horn with no significant clinical and ultrasonographic findings. This condition did not affect either the general health condition of the bitch or the foetuses localized abdominally. Keywords: inguinal hernia, pregnancy abnormality, bitch Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 382-386 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/123/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/123/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:123-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Fictum Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Segesova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Borska Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma (mycosis fungoides) with formation of nodal and distant metastases in a dog: a case report Abstract: The presented case describes an interesting manifestation of epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma with formation of nodal and distant metastases in an 8-year-old cocker spaniel. Cutaneous lesions included multiple hypotrichous to alopetic foci, scales, erythematous plaques and multiple cutaneous nodules, often with superficial ulceration. The lesions were present predominantly on the neck, thorax, abdomen and hind legs. Clinically, the dog showed lethargy and there was an inappetence and a mild dyspnoe. Subsequent findings were generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, pallor of mucous membranes and tachycardia. Smear impression of cutaneous nodules contained degenerated neutrophils with phagocytized cocci and macrophages. Cytological examination of nodules (FNA) showed a predominantly round cell population, with a compound of histiocytoid cells mixed with cells of inflammatory infiltration. Histopathological examination of the skin was performed. There was infiltrate of large neoplastic round cells in the superficial and deep dermis, morphologically resembling histiocytes. In some tissue sections the neoplastic infiltrate was present only in the superficial dermis, composed of medium-sized lymphocytes with hyperchromatic round, oval to indented nuclei 1.5 red cells in diameter and a small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. Focal exulceration, formation of Pautrier's microabscesses in epidermis, and in some sections subepidermal and intraepidermal vesiculopustules and intraepidermal vesicles were present. Neoplastic infiltrate was CD3, CD18 and vimentin positive. Examination for CD79 and CD117 was negative. MHC II positivity was found only focally in cells of inflammatory infiltration in superficial dermis. Diagnosis of epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma (mycosis fungoides) was carried out. The response to the therapy of the disease was poor and the dog died two months after diagnosis. Necropsy revealed generalized lymphadenopathy, several white, fat-like nodules in heart muscle, lungs, esophagus and stomach, and mild hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Multiple white disseminated foci were found in the spleen. Histopathological examination showed round cell, CD3 positive neoplastic infiltrate in heart, lungs, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, esophagus and stomach, morphologically corresponding with neoplastic infiltrate found in skin. Keywords: cutaneous lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, immunohistochemistry, metastases Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 387-392 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/109/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200908-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:109-2009-VETMED