Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.V. Sirotkin Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Serum deprivation affects secretory activity of cultured porcine ovarian follicles and granulosa cells and their response to hormones Abstract: The aim of the present study is to understand the hormonal mechanisms of the effect of malnutrition on ovarian follicle functions. For this purpose, we examined the effect of malnutrition/serum deprivation, addition of metabolic hormones and gonadotropin (IGF-I, leptin and FSH) and their combination on the release of progesterone (P4), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) by cultured whole ovarian follicles and on P4 and IGF-I output by cultured granulosa cells isolated from porcine ovaries. It was observed that in ovarian follicles cultured with nutrients/serum addition of IGF-I reduced release of P4, but not of T or E2. Exogenous leptin reduced output of E2, but not of P4 or T, and increased IGF-I output. No significant effect of FSH on release of steroid hormones by isolated follicles was found. Serum deprivation did not affect release of P4, but reduced output of T and E2, and promoted IGF-I release by cultured ovarian follicles. Addition of hormones failed to prevent the effect of malnutrition on the secretory activity of cultured ovarian follicles. In cultured granulose cells, all the tested hormones promoted release of both P4 and IGF-I. Food restriction/serum deprivation reduced both P4 and IGF-I output. Additions of either IGF-I, leptin and FSH prevented the inhibitory action of malnutrition on both P4 and IGF-I release. The present observations (1) confirm the involvement of the hormones IGF-I, leptin and FSH in the control of secretory activity of ovarian cells, (2) demonstrate, that both isolated ovarian granulosa cells and whole follicles cultured in the absence of serum nutrients could be an adequate in-vitro model for studying the effect of malnutrition on ovarian secretory functions, and (3) suggest, that malnutrition could affect ovarian functions through changes in the release of ovarian hormones. Keywords: stress, malnutrition, IGF-I, leptin, FSH, ovarian follicles, granulosa cells Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 455-460 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/112/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/112/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:112-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Prodelalova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Malenovska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Valicek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Genotyping of porcine teschoviruses isolated from 1960 to 1980 in the former Czechoslovakia and new Porcine teschovirus isolates obtained from piglets with diarrhoea Abstract: The porcine enteroviruses (family Picornaviridae) were described as causative agents of neurological disorders known as Teschen/Talfan disease, reproductive failure, dermal lesions, enteric disease and pneumonia of swine. Recently, porcine enteroviruses were reclassified on the basis of genome sequencing data. A new Picornavirus genus named Teschovirus (formerly PEV CPE group I.) was established. The aim of the study was retyping and reclassification of the 27 strains of porcine enteroviruses deposited in the Collection of Animal Pathogenic Microorganisms (CAPM). Viral strains were isolated over the period 1960-1980 predominantly from pigs with encephalomyelitis. Twenty-four of 27 isolates were classified as porcine enterovirus serotype 1 (PEV-1) based on physicochemicals properties of their virions and growth characteristics. The viral strains were reclassified using RT-PCR protocol that allowed detection of the genus Teschoviru and the Porcine teschovirus serotype 1 (PTV-1). Two PCR amplifications with cDNA were performed for detection of the genus Teschovirus and PTV-1. Amplification of fragment characteristic for the genus Teschovirus was succesful for all tested viral strains. The fragment characteristic for PTV-1 was detected with the exception of three strains (Kr69TK, 95 and 172). Used RT-PCR method was subsequently applied to the detection of Porcine teschovirus in pig fecal samples. Ten of 22 faecal samples were found to be Porcine teschovirus positive, however none of 22 samples generated amplicon specific for the PTV-1. Keywords: Teschovirus, PTV-1, fecal samples, reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 461-466 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/33/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:33-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Vernerova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for the State Control of Veterinary Biological and Medicaments, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Vondrova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Kisova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Hera Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for the State Control of Veterinary Biological and Medicaments, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Detection of benzimidazole resistance in gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep in the Czech Republic Abstract: During 2004-2007 the efficacy of benzimidazole type drugs was studied on 14 sheep farms in the Czech Republic. The study was based on the evaluation of faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT), egg hatch test (EHT), and larval development test (LDT). The prevalence of benzimidazole resistance on farms ranged from 25% to 98%; however, the infection intensity was typically low to moderate on most of the farms. Based of FECRT, resistance was identified on three farms. Resistance was suspected on one of the farms after repeated examination performed the following year. Keywords: sheep-nematodes, anthelmintic resistance, faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT), egg hatch test (EHT), larval development test (LDT) Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 467-472 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2935-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2935-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:2935-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.-C. Kuo Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Author-Name: C.-C. Chou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Author-Name: C. Tu Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Health Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taipei, Taiwan Author-Name: S.-R. Gong Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan Author-Name: C.-L. Han Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Cardiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Author-Name: J.-W. Liao Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan Author-Name: S.-K. Chang Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Title: Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance by the qnrS gene in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy chickens and pigs Abstract: The prevalence of qnr and qepA genes in 660 Escherichia coli isolates was investigated in healthy animals from 30 pig farms and 30 chicken farms in Taiwan from January 2005 to February 2006 by the polymerase chain reaction. The qnrS gene, but not qnrA, qnrB, and qepA were detected in 12/360 pig isolates (3.33%) and in 6/300 chicken isolates (2%). Southern blot hybridization analysis indicated that qnrS was located on plasmids ranging in size from 50-165 kb. Eleven of the 18 qnrS positive isolates which showed a high ciprofloxacin resistance phenotype (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 8 mg/l) also had amino acid sequence variations in chromosomal quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC. Only two qnrS-positive isolates carried the aac(6')-Ib-crvariant that mediates FQ acetylation. For the high percentage resistance of cephalosporins, the blaCTX-M gene was also examined in qnrS-positive isolates. The blaCTX-M gene was detected in fifteen isolates (15/18, 83.3%) of which 12 isolates were blaCTX-M-1 and three isolates were blCTX-M-15. This study demonstrated a close linkage between the qnrS gene and blaCTX-M-1, suggesting CTX-M and Qnr-based mechanisms might be co-emerging in E. coli strains isolated from healthy chickens and pigs under selective pressure of quinolone and cephalosporine administration. Keywords: Escherichia coli, qnr gene, blaCTX-M, pig, chicken Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 473-482 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/108/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:108-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Nandi Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India Author-Name: S. Chidri Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India Author-Name: M. Kumar Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India Title: Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a canine parvovirus isolate in India Abstract: Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is the causative agent of acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis in dogs. In this study the nucleotide sequence of the VP1/VP2 gene of a CPV isolate from India was analyzed and the phylogenetic relationship with other CPV isolates was established. Out of 36 samples analyzed, 16 were found positive for CPV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the 16 positive samples, five were inoculated in MDCK cells for isolation out of which one adapted successfully to the cell culture system. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of the VP-1/VP-2 gene revealed that the Indian isolate closely resembled a CPV-2b Italian strain, showing 98.4% nucleotide sequence homology indicating very little genetic divergence since it was first identified in 1978. Keywords: canine parvovirus, PCR, MDCK, phylogenetic analysis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 483-490 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/147/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/147/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:147-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Wlodarczyk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: D. Bukowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: M. Jackowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: S. Mucha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetic and Animal Breeding, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: J.M. Jaskowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary, University of Life Science, Poznan, Poland Title: In vitro maturation and degeneration of domestic cat oocytes collected from ovaries stored at various temperatures Abstract: : Cat oocytes have the unique ability to mature in vitro after temporary storage at 4°C which can provide opportunities to rescue oocytes from the ovaries of endangered felids after sudden death or medical ovariohysterectomy. It has been demonstrated that factors such as season, culture conditions and morphological quality of oocytes influence the meiotic competence of domestic cat oocytes. In the present study we determined the meiotic maturation rate and incidence of apoptosis or necrosis in domestic cat oocytes collected from ovaries stored at different temperatures. Nuclear status and the presence of the first polar body were evaluated by fluorescence DAPI staining. Cell death was detected using Annexin-V, a phospholipid-binding protein that detects translocation of phosphatidyl-serine to the outer cytoplasmic membrane. Most oocytes (77.5%) collected from ovaries immediately after ovariohysterectomy (control group) resumed meiosis and reached metaphase II. A similarly high percentage of oocytes underwent nuclear maturation after recovery from ovaries stored for 6 h at 4°C (68.6%) or at room temperature (55.5%), but the rate of maturation after recovery from ovaries stored for 24 h at 4°C was greatly reduced (15.3%) Not surprisingly, the highest percentage of apoptotic oocytes were seen in Group 3, and the lowest frequency of apoptotic oocytes were observed in Group 1. Correspondingly, Group 1 had the highest percentage of necrotic oocytes. Thus, our results indicate that storage of domestic cat ovaries at room temperature, even for a short time, can negatively influence the competence of oocytes to undergo nuclear maturation in vitro. Keywords: IVM, feline COC, apoptosis, necrosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 491-497 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/75/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/75/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:75-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.N. Woo Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Surgery, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Author-Name: H.B. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Surgery, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Author-Name: M.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Surgery, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Author-Name: K.C. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medical Imaging, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Surgery, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Title: Application of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement through fontanelle in a hydrocephalus dog: a case report Abstract: A two and a half year old Chihuahua intact male dog weighing 1.7 kg was referred to our Animal Medical Centre presenting with ataxia, seizure, nystagmus, tremor, and tilt. Additionally, it was not able to stand and sit. Physical examination, palpation, neurology examination, complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry test, radiographs (X-ray), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were all performed. Open fontanelle, domeshaped calvarium, a thinning of bone structure, and asymmetrically enlarged lateral ventricles on the right were found on diagnostic imaging. Accordingly, the dog was diagnosed with hydrocephalus. A VP shunt placement was performed as surgical treatment. The ventricular catheter was placed into the right lateral ventricle through the fontanelle insertion site and the distal catheter was placed in the abdomen using the percutaneous technique. After surgery, anorexia, seizure, tremor, and nystagmus disappeared. Also, the dog could stand and walk without support; however, gait was slow and not completely normal and the tilt remained. Keywords: hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt, fontanelle Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 498-500 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/140/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/140/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:140-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Diez Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: J.C. Estepa Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: I. Lopez Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: R. Zafra Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: M. Rodriguez Author-Workplace-Name: Research Unit, Reina Sofia Hospital, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: E. Aguilera-Tejero Author-Workplace-Name: University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Title: Hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis in a foal with gastroesophageal reflux: a case report Abstract: A foal with a history of diarrhea and fever was presented to the Equine Clinic of the University of Cordoba for acute onset of abundant serous nasal discharge. On endoscopic examination the oesophagus was found to be atonic and ulcerated, the cardia was permanently open and the stomach showed extensive ulceration. In addition, the nasal discharge was identified to have a gastric origin (gastroesophageal reflux). The electrolyte and acid-base profiles showed marked hyponatremia (99 mEq/l) and metabolic alkalosis (pH = 7.46, Strong Ion Difference = 50 mEq/l). The foal was also uremic (plasma creatinine = 12.6 mg/dl). Although the foal experienced an improvement in its hydroelectrolytic status after treatment with 7.5% NaCl for 36 h, the owner requested euthanasia. The foal described here developed severe hyponatremia and hyposmolarity but, contrary to most reported cases, showed metabolic alkalosis instead of metabolic acidosis. Another interesting feature of this case is the lack of overt neurologic signs in the face of extreme hyposmolarity. The paucity of neurologic signs in this foal may have been influenced by slow instauration of hyponatremia, concurrent azotemia, or acid-base status. Keywords: foal, hyponatremia, hyposmolality, metabolic alkalosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 501-506 Volume: 54 Issue: 10 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/11931-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11931-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-200910-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:54:y:2009:i:10:id:11931-VETMED