Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kaevska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Hruska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Analysis of publications on paratuberculosis from 1995 to 2009 with emphasis on the period from 2005 to 2009 Abstract: The importance of paratuberculosis, an infectious bowel disease of ruminants, and Crohn's disease, a type of inflammatory bowel disease in humans with suspected links with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, is evident from the steadily increasing number of publications on these topics. Data from the Web of Science databases were analysed by authors, institutions, countries and funding agencies, involved in research. A summary of the descriptive data for the most frequently cited publications are presented here. Keywords: Web of Science, Crohn's disease, food safety, environmental contamination, analysis of publications, Mycobacterium avium, Johne's disease Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 43-54 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/19/2010-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2010-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:19-2010-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Krizova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Matlova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Horvathova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Moravkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Beran Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Boisselet Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Babak Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Slana Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacteria in the environment of pig farms in the Czech Republic between 2003 and 2007 Abstract: In the Czech Republic, most mycobacterial infections in pigs are caused by the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and potentially pathogenic mycobacteria (PPM) derived from the environment. This study was undertaken after the isolation of PPM from various components of the environment of pig herds between 1996 and 2002 (Matlova et al., Veterinarni Medicina, 48, 2003, 343-357). Between 2003 and 2007, a total of 1114 environmentally-derived samples from 24 farms were examined. After staining according to Ziehl-Neelsen, acid-fast rods were found in 42 (3.8%) samples by direct microscopy, and PPM were isolated from 223 (20.0%) samples by culture. PPM occurred primarily in soil from the paddocks (53.8%), peat (53.2%), bedding (28.4%) and biofilm from the pipeline (21.0%). From MAC, M. avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) genotype IS901- and IS1245+ was most frequent; M. avium subsp. avium (MAA) genotype IS901+ and IS1245+ and M. intracellulare genotype IS901- and IS1245- were isolated from one (0.4%) and three (1.3%) samples, respectively. The remaining isolates were identified as 19 other mycobacterial species: M. gordonae (n = 8), M. triviale (n = 6), M. flavescens (n = 3), M. nonchromogenicum (n = 3), M. terrae (n = 3), M. xenopi (n = 3), M. fortuitum (n = 2), M. chelonae (n = 2), M. chitae (n = 2), M. abscessus (n = 1), M. gastri (n = 1), M. kumamotonense (n = 1), M. marinum (n = 1), M. parafortuitum (n = 1), M. peregrinum (n = 1), M. porcinum (n = 1), M. scrofulaceum (n = 1), M. smegmatis (n = 1) and M. simiae (n = 1). The remaining 41 isolates of unidentified mycobacterial species did not contain the sequences IS901 and/or IS1245, specific for medically important members of MAC (MAA and MAH); a further 44 isolates were not tested due to their contamination or loss of ability to grow in vitro. A farm where MAH was often detected in the lymph nodes of pigs and in the environment between 1996 and 2002 (Period I), was selected for further investigation between 2003 and 2007 (Period II). A comparison of the findings of mycobacteria on the investigated farm in Period I and in the following Period II showed a significant increase (P < 0.01) in the occurrence of mycobacteria other than MAH, especially in peat samples. Keywords: mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT), ecology, avian tuberculosis, avian mycobacteriosis, environmental saprophytic mycobacteria, cultivation Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 55-69 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/85/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/85/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:85-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.C. Ouwehand Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Finland, Kantvik, Finland Author-Name: K. Tiihonen Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Finland, Kantvik, Finland Author-Name: H. Kettunen Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Finland, Kantvik, Finland Author-Name: S. Peuranen Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Finland, Kantvik, Finland Author-Name: H. Schulze Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Animal Nutrition, Leiden, The Netherlands Author-Name: N. Rautonen Author-Workplace-Name: Danisco Finland, Kantvik, Finland Title: In vitro effects of essential oils on potential pathogens and beneficial members of the normal microbiota Abstract: The use of antimicrobial growth promoters has been banned in the EU. This has created an interest in alternative strategies to prevent an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota and the potential development of intestinal disorders in livestock. Essential oils (EOs) have been known to exhibit antimicrobial activity against specific microbial species and could therefore be considered one such alternative in controlling the intestinal microbial population. Under anaerobic conditions, the tested Clostridium perfringens strains were found to be sensitive (P < 0.05) to carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, citral, limonene, thymol, particularly at the higher concentration tested (500 mg/l) and to oregano oil, rosemary oil and thyme oil. Streptococcus epidermis was sensitive (P < 0.05) to most EO's tested, also mainly at the higher concentration. The tested Salmonella serovars were found to be sensitive (P < 0.05) only to high (500 mg/l) concentrations of the tested EOs. Escherichia coli was sensitive (P < 0.05) to most of the tested EOs, also at lower concentrations (5 and 50 mg/l). Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus reuteri were less sensitive (P < 0.05) to most of the tested EOs, while Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis and L. fermentum were relatively sensitive also at lower concentrations (5 and 50 mg/l), although growth reduction by EOs of these bacterial species was less then with the antimicrobial growth promoter avilamycin. With the exception of Salmonella and E. coli, all tested microbes were sensitive to avilamycin. Selected EOs seem to have the advantage of inhibiting the growth of potential pathogens while only moderately influencing beneficial members of the intestinal microbiota. This difference in sensitivity may strengthen the microbiota and contribute to improved animal health. Keywords: antimicrobial, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 71-78 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/152/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/152/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:152-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Haligur Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: A. Duzler Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey Title: Course and branch of the celiac artery in the red falcon (Buteo rufinus) Abstract: The present study was aimed at determining the origin, course and distribution of the celiac artery in eight adult red falcons, using a latex injection and dissection method. The celiac artery was ascertained to originate from the aorta at the level of the last 2-3 costae. The celiac artery was determined to split into two main branches, namely, left branch of the celiac artery and right branch of the celiac artery, in between the proventriculus and gizzard, and in the proximity of the lien. Prior to the indicated bifurcation, the celiac artery was observed to give off an esophageal artery and superior proventricular artery. In seven of the red falcons examined, splenic arteries, varying from two to four in number, were determined to spring from the celiac artery. Both the left and right hepatic arteries were ascertained to stem from the left branch of the celiac artery. The terminal branch of the left branch of the celiac artery, namely, the left gastric artery, was determined to have a fan-like distribution to the left surface of the gaster. The artery of the gall bladder was demonstrated to emanate from the left branch of the celiac artery in all of the red falcons examined, excluding one. The right branch of the celiac artery was determined to ramify into its terminal branches, namely, the right inferior gastric artery, ileocecal artery, pancreaticoduodenal artery, duodenojejunal artery and gastroduodenal artery, in the proximity of the pylorus which constitutes the gastro-duodenal passage. Keywords: macroanatomy, ramification, celiac artery, long legged buzzard Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 79-86 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/144/2009-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2009-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:144-2009-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Kriz Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Slana Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Mrlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Moravkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Kralova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Krizova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in domestic pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) diagnosed by direct conventional multiplex PCR: a case report Abstract: We report three pigeons euthanized in a small household breeding facility, where there was suspicion of an avian tuberculosis outbreak. For rapid identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium direct conventional multiplex PCR was used. Nodular lesions were found on the livers of all three birds, the intestine of one bird and the kidney and ovaries of another. The liver samples and a further 18 tissue samples were examined. Acid-fast rods were detected in all the tissue samples after Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Isolation and diagnosis of M. a. avium (serotype 1 containing IS901) from 17 tissue samples was confirmed using conventional multiplex PCR. Keywords: avian tuberculosis, mycobacteriosis, zoonosis, outbreak, rapid detection Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 87-90 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/25/2010-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/25/2010-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:25-2010-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Slany Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Knotek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Knotkova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Regional Institute of Public Health, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Mrlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Moravkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Systemic mixed infection in a brown caiman (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) caused by Mycobacterium szulgai and M. chelonae: a case report Abstract: A five-year old female brown caiman (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) was admitted to a veterinary clinic because of anorexia and lethargy. Chronic deterioration of the patient's condition together with the formation of slushy stools coloured from brown to red was observed during the previous eight weeks. Physical examination showed significant apathy and cachexia. Radiographic examinations of chest and abdomen revealed no pathological findings. Initial blood tests revealed decreased hematocrit and low levels of haemoglobin. Despite treatment with enrofloxacin and intensive supportive therapy with amino acids, vitamins and mineral matter, the animal died 14 days after admission to the clinic. Post mortem examination revealed splenomegaly with a total destruction of inner organ structure together with multiple granulomas in liver and lungs. Ziehl-Neelsen staining of tissue samples from liver, lungs and spleen revealed numerous acid-fast bacilli consistent with Mycobacterium spp. Identification of isolates was carried out using PCR restriction analysis (PRA) of the hsp65 gene and DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Two different mycobacterial isolates obtained from separate samples of liver, lungs and spleen were identified as M. chelonae and M. szulgai. This is the first report of mixed infection caused by M. chelonae and M. szulgai in a reptile. Keywords: potentially pathogenic mycobacteria, mycobacteriosis, granulomatous disease, reptiles Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 91-96 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/26/2010-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/26/2010-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201002-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:26-2010-VETMED