Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Spinella Author-Workplace-Name: University of Catanzaro, Italy Author-Name: R. Tamburro Author-Workplace-Name: University of Bologna, Italy Author-Name: G. Loprete Author-Workplace-Name: University of Catanzaro, Italy Author-Name: J.M. Vilar Author-Workplace-Name: Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Author-Name: S. Valentini Author-Workplace-Name: University of Bologna, Italy Title: Surgical repair of Achilles tendon rupture in dogs: a review of the literature, a case report and new perspectives Abstract: Achilles tendon rupture in the dog is a common traumatic lesion. An accurate evaluation of etiology, grade of the lesion with or without loss of tendon substance, and time elapsed from the trauma can guide the surgeon in choosing the best surgical technique. Moreover, the healing process after a tendon injury is usually difficult and uncertain because the prognosis is influenced by extent of trauma, time elapsed between the trauma and its treatment and low tendon vascularization. However, the rapid development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine could soon result in the development of scaffolds with bioactive proteins that can direct the healing process toward complete tendon regeneration without fibrotic tissue development. Keywords: tendo calcaneus communis, complete rupture, tissue ingeneering, polypropylene mesh, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 303-310 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2926-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2926-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2926-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Hajimohammadi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: K. Badiei Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: K. Mostaghni Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: M. Pourjafar Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Title: Serum pepsinogen level and abomasal ulcerations in experimental abomasal displacement in sheep Abstract: It is believed that serum pepsinogen levels could be useful for diagnosis of abomasal changes in cattle. Diagnosis of abomasal displacement (AD) is made via invasive and non-invasive techniques. None of the extant methods is a reliable indication of mucosal change. The applicability of serum pepsinogen levels for the diagnosis of changes in the mucous membrane of the abomasum in experimentally induced left and right AD in sheep was investigated in fourteen rams. Abomasal fluid samples were taken and the pH was recorded. Twelve sheep underwent induced left and right AD (six for each group). Two sheep underwent exploratory laparatomy alone to assess the effect of surgical stress on the abomasum. Blood samples were taken before surgery, at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th days after surgery and at the time of necropsy and serum pepsinogen levels were measured. After two weeks the animals were slaughtered and abomasal fluid pH and types of abomasal ulcers were recorded. Significant changes in pepsinogen levels in the left displaced abomasums (LDA) group were seen on days 11 and 14 after surgery (P < 0.05). Significant changes in pepsinogen levels in the right displaced abomasum (RDA) group were seen on Days 9, 11 and 14 after surgery (P < 0.05). There was no association among the types of ulcers and the serum pepsinogen levels in AD cases. The pH increased significantly (P < 0.05) after induced AD in both groups. There were no significant changes in serum pepsinogen levels on different days after surgery among ulcerated and non ulcerated cases in both LDA and RDA groups (P < 0.05). Serum pepsinogen levels were significantly higher in AD groups. There was no association between the types of ulcers and serum pepsinogen levels in AD cases. It seems that the increase in concentration of serum pepsinogen is a good reflection of the damage to the abomasal mucousa due to AD, as was shown by the earlier increase in levels in the course of displacement in the RDA group. Keywords: right displaced abomasum (RDA), left displaced abomasum (LDA), abomasal displacement (AD), abomasal ulcer, pepsinogen, sheep Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 311-317 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/3016-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3016-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:3016-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Villarreal Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: K. Vranckx Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: L. Duchateau Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: F. Pasmans Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: F. Haesebrouck Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: J.C. Jensen Author-Workplace-Name: Orion Pharma Animal Health, Niva, Denmark Author-Name: I.A. Nanjiani Author-Workplace-Name: Pfizer, Sandwich-Kent, United Kingdom Author-Name: D. Maes Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Merelbeke, Belgium Title: Early Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in European suckling pigs in herds with respiratory problems: detection rate and risk factors Abstract: The present study aimed at estimating the detection rate of M. hyopneumoniae in 3-week-old pigs in different European countries and to identify possible risk factors. Nasal swabs from suckling pigs in 52 farms were collected for nested PCR analysis. Potential risk factors for respiratory disease were analysed with a multivariable logistic regression model. The average percentage of positive piglets was 10.7% (95% confidence interval, CI 7.4-14.2); at least one pig tested positive in 68% of herds. In 32% of the herds, more than 10% of piglets tested positive. Herds that vaccinated sows against swine influenza virus (SIV) had a significantly higher risk of a piglet being positive for M. hyopneumoniae (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.43-6.83). The higher risk in case of SIV vaccination is difficult to explain, but may be due to the fact that pig herds with respiratory symptoms are more likely to be vaccinated against SIV, overlooking the possible influence of other respiratory pathogens such as M. hyopneumoniae. The present findings show that M. hyopneumoniae is widespread in 3-week-old piglets across different European countries. Keywords: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, detection rate, risk factors, nasal swabs, suckling pigs Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 318-324 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/3017-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3017-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:3017-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kaevska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Slana Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kralik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Examination of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium distribution in naturally infected hens by culture and triplex quantitative real time PCR Abstract: Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (MAA) is the etiologic agent of avian tuberculosis, a chronic contagious disease described in a wide variety of domestic and wild bird species. The aims of this study were to assess the advantages of triplex quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) in comparison with culture testing for distribution of MAA in the organs of hens displaying varying degrees of clinical symptoms of the disease. From one small flock of ten hens and one cock with a history of weight loss, 98 tissue samples were examined in total. Pathological lesions were observed in six hens from which two were clinically ill. A total of 12 samples were positive by culture and 16 were positive by IS901 and IS1245 qPCR, confirming MAA infection. In conclusion, qPCR was a faster and more reliable alternative method in comparison with conventional culture analysis. Due to the detection of MAA in the muscle tissue of one hen, consumption of under cooked meat originating from infected fowl could pose a threat to immunosuppressed individuals. Keywords: chicken, mycobacteriosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, food safety, meat, zoonosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 325-330 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2966-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2966-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2966-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Janeczek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: A. Chroszcz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: Z. Miklikova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Archaeology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: M. Fabis Author-Workplace-Name: Private Veterinary Surgeon, Nitra, Slovakia Title: The pathological changes in the hind limb of a horse from the Roman Period Abstract: During the archaeological excavation of a multicultural settlement at the Nitra-Chrenova site (south-western Slovakia) an assemblage of animal bone remains was revealed. In one of the settlement features dated to the Roman period a complete horse skeleton was discovered. An investigation was carried out in the hind limb of the horse's skeleton involving macroscopic and radiographic analysis. Exostoses were observed on the tibia, talus, calcaneus, tarsal and metatarsal bones. The articular surfaces were destroyed. The anatomical structure of the talus, calcaneus and tarsal bones was not visible due to new bone formation. Additionally, osteomyelitis was observed in the talus, calcaneus and tarsal bones. It is suggested that the pathological changes developed during the septic inflammation process as a consequence of the complicated wound of the tarsal region or the tarsal joint perforating trauma. Keywords: archaeozoology, palaeopathology, horse, Roman Period, septic arthritis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 331-335 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2928-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2928-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2928-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.R. Moyano Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: A.M. Molina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: A.J. Lora Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: J. Mendez Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: A. Rueda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, Spain Title: Tremorgenic mycotoxicosis caused by Paspalum paspaloides (Michx.) Scribner infected by Claviceps paspali: a case report Abstract: A natural poisoning case caused by ingestion of Paspalum paspaloides (Michx.) Scribner infected by Claviceps paspali in a bovine herd in Huelva (Spain) is described. This kind of intoxication, frequently described in South Africa and America is rare in Europe and this is the first description in Spain. Clinical signs, which affected 23 calves out of a total of 130 animals, consisted in a nervous syndrome characterized by tremor, hyperexcitability, incoordination, ataxia, depression and paralysis, signs that were aggravated when animals were subjected to certain types of exercises. The most relevant lesions were detected in the brain and consisted in microhaemorrhages diffused through the parenchyma of the brain, neuronal degeneration, satellitosis, neuronophagia, gliosis, and moderate neuropil degeneration in the peripheral zones of the brain. Keywords: Keywords: mycotoxicosis, tremorgenic, Paspalum paspaloides (Michx.) Scribner, Claviceps paspali, cattle Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 336-338 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2964-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2964-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2964-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.E. Shitaye Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Halouzka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Svobodova Author-Workplace-Name: Regional Institute of Public Health, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Grymova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic AvetuM, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Grym Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic AvetuM, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Fictum Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Beran Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Slany Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: First isolation of Mycobacterium genavense in a blue headed parrot (Pionus menstruus) imported from Surinam (South America) to the Czech Republic: a case report Abstract: In 2005 a Mycobacterium genavense infection was diagnosed in one blue-headed parrot (Pionus menstruus) imported from Surinam (South America), the first such incidence in the Czech Republic. The bird died suddenly. Histopathological examination revealed a diffuse granulomatous inflammatory reaction in the intestinal mucosa. Tissue sections of the intestines stained by Ziehl-Neelsen were microscopically positive for acid-fast bacilli. Culture examinations were made by the conventional solid media, the manual BD-BBL MGIT and the automated MGIT 960 liquid culture systems. We have detected mycobacteria by the automated MGIT 960 liquid culture system in the intestinal tissues after 92 days and on solid Herrold's Egg Yolk Medium without Mycobactin J after 270 days. The manual BD-BBL MGIT liquid culture and the conventional culture system revealed mycobacteria after 150 days of cultivation from three and two tissues samples, respectively. M. genavense was identified by HAIN Life Science kits (GmbH, Germany) and was found to be the cause of death for the parrot, which was one of 14 exotic birds kept by its keeper. From the environment M. a. hominissuis was isolated only, which was documented by antibody detection of this member of the M. avium complex in sera samples of five birds. Three two month old common pet parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) were for one day in contact with drinking water contaminated by the liver suspension from the infected bird. After 12 months they were euthanized. Subsequent culture was negative for the presence of mycobacteria and histopathological examinations showed no granulomatous inflammatory reaction or any other pathological findings. Keywords: zoonosis, avian tuberculosis, Psittaciformes, granulomatous inflammation, mycobacteriosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 339-347 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2927-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2927-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2927-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Fictum Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Frgelecova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kriz Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Slana Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kaevska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pavlik Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Avian tuberculosis in a captured Ruppell's griffon vulture (Gyps ruppellii): a case report Abstract: Avian tuberculosis was diagnosed in a captured female Ruppell's griffon vulture (Gyps ruppellii) with granulomatous splenitis and hepatitis. At necropsy, whitish to yellow nodules of various sizes were found in the spleen and liver, and fibrinous coelomitis was present in the body cavity. Histopathologically, the granulomas appeared to be typical of avian tuberculosis. In some granulomas, necrotic centres surrounded by a variable layer of palisading epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells with variable admixture of lymphocytes and plasma cells were present. Signs of mineralization in granulomas were not observed. Using Ziehl-Neelsen staining the presence of acid-fast bacilli was demonstrated in organs affected by granulomatous inflammation. A diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium infection was confirmed by culture and quantitative Real-Time PCR examination for the presence of specific insertion sequences for avian tuberculosis (IS901 and IS1245) in the liver and spleen. Keywords: granuloma, mycobacteriosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, raptor, vulture, zoonosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 348-352 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2929-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2929-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2929-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Radisic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Sindicic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Huber Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: J. Kusak Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: T. Gomercic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Vnuk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Maticic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: A. Slavica Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Ovariectomy of a brown bear (Ursus arctos): a case report Abstract: Reproductive control is regularly implemented in bear facilities to prevent crowding of enclosures and surplus animals. Ovariectomy may represent an efficient method of sterilizing bears yet has not been reported in the literature. A 73 kg female brown bear, age two years and three months, was anesthetized for ovariectomy with tiletamin and zolazepam (Zoletil®, Virbac S.A., Carros Cedex, France) and medetomidin hydrochloride (Domitor®, Pfizer Animal Health, New York, USA). A 25 cm midline incision that extended from the umbilicus to the pubic brim was made. The suspensory ligament was stretched and blunt dissected so that ovaries in bursa were exposed on the surgical field. A "Figure 8" ligature was placed between two forcepses and a circumferential ligature was placed around proximal forceps at the ovarian pedicle. Another "Figure 8" ligature was placed between two forcepses and a circumferential ligature was placed around distal forceps at the cranial tip of the uterine horn. No surgical complications occurred, and no complications have transpired during the 12 month post-operative period. Keywords: brown bear, ovariectomy, reproductive control, sterilization, Ursus arctos Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 353-357 Volume: 55 Issue: 7 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2965-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2965-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201007-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:55:y:2010:i:7:id:2965-VETMED