Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Pluym Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: A. Van Nuffel Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: J. Dewulf Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: A. Cools Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: F. Vangroenweghe Author-Workplace-Name: Dierengezondheidszorg Vlaanderen vzw, Torhout, Belgium Author-Name: S. Van Hoorebeke Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Author-Name: D. Maes Author-Workplace-Name: Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium Title: Prevalence and risk factors of claw lesions and lameness in pregnant sows in two types of group housing Abstract: Claw lesions and lameness in sows are an important welfare concern as well as a cause of considerable economic loss. These problems are more common in group housing than in individual housing systems. Given that group housing for gestating sows will become mandatory in the EU from 2013 onwards, the aim of the present study was: (1) to determine the prevalence of lameness and claw lesions in sows housed in groups during gestation, and (2) to analyze whether the type of group housing system and sow-related factors were associated with lameness and claw lesions. Eight Belgian pig herds with group housing of gestating sows were selected. Four herds used pens with electronic sow feeders (dynamic groups), the other four herds kept their sows in free access stalls (static groups). All sows were visually examined for lameness at the end of gestation. Claw lesions were scored after parturition. Information about feed, housing conditions and culling (strategy) was collected, as well as information about parity and breed. Of all 421 assessed sows, on average 9.7% (min. 2.4%, max. 23.1%) were lame. Almost 99% of the sows had one or more claw lesion with overgrowth of heel horn (93%) and cracks in the wall (52%) as the most prevalent lesions. Neither for lameness nor claw lesions was significant differences found between the two types of group housing. Lameness decreased while the mean claw lesion score increased with ageing. These results suggest that lameness can be caused by reasons other than claw lesions, especially in older sows. Although no difference was found between the two types of group housing, a huge variation between herds was observed. Moreover, as the prevalence of lameness and claw lesions in group housing is quite high and group housing will become mandatory in 2013, further investigation on risk factors of locomotor disorders in sows is necessary. Keywords: claw health, group housing, locomotor disorders, sows Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 101-109 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3159-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3159-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3159-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.H. Heo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.S. Na Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Evaluation of equine cortical bone transplantation in a canine fracture model Abstract: Freeze-dried bovine bone transplantation is commonly used for orthopaedic surgery. Equine bone, which is available in great quantity, can be obtained as easily as bovine bone, and so represents a potential source of bone for transplantation. In the present study freeze-dried equine cortical bones were transplanted into experimentally-induced fibular defects in canines to evaluate xenogenic implantation of equine bone. Cortical bones that had been freed of antigens and defatted with chloroform and methanol were freeze-dried at -80 °C for preservation of bone morphogenetic protein, sterilized with ethylene oxide gas and stored at room temperature. The experimental osteotomy was performed in a 15 mm-long bilateral region of each proximal metaphyseal fibula. The area of defect in eight beagle dogs (n = 16) received a transplanted freeze-dried equine cortical implant. The control group consisting of two beagles dogs (n = 4) received an autograft of a similar implant. The experiment region was radiographically monitored for bone union and host serum osteocalcin level was determined to assess osteoblast activity every two weeks for 24 weeks. In 14 of the 16 experimental cases, the graft was not associated with new bone formation. Resorption after new bone formation and remodelling with new bone formation each occurred in a single case. The results support the potential of using freeze-dried equine cortical bones as a xenogenic bone graft material in canines. Keywords: equine bone, bone graft, xenogenic bone, bone healing, canine model Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 110-118 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3156-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3156-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3156-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Siroka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Krocilova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Clinic Mikulov, Mikulov, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pikula Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Bandouchova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Peckova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Vitula Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Blood coagulation parameters in fallow deer (Dama dama) Abstract: There are frequent reports from around the world of wild animals being poisoned with anticoagulants. Granulated baits can result in primary or secondary poisoning of non-target animals. Moreover, there are several diseases including infections that influence haemostasis in wild animals. The present study focused on fallow deer (Dama dama) for which insufficient data on physiological values of coagulation parameters are available. Six parameters of blood coagulation were established in clinically normal fallow deer from a game enclosure in North Moravia (Czech Republic). The fibrinogen content of 1.94 g/l is in agreement with the results obtained by other authors. Factor VIII and IX concentrations amounted to 198.42% and 169.91% of human concentration of these parameters in blood. These have never before been measured for fallow deer, but most animal species have concentrations of these factors higher than humans. Prothrombin time (PT), average activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT) were assessed as 20.99 s, 33.76 s, and 24.78 s, respectively. Prothrombin time assessed in the present study was longer compared to available data, while APTT is in agreement with the previous data. Thrombin time value is a new piece of information and is comparable with TT values obtained in other ruminants. The possible explanation for the prolonged PT may be the stress associated with yarding and handling the animals which is reported to cause haemorrhages or changes in haemostatic parameters in deer. Interestingly, males had significantly longer clotting times compared to females. Keywords: prothrombin time, thrombin time, APTT, fibrinogen, factor VIII, factor IX, clotting time, haemostasis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 119-122 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3160-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3160-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3160-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.R. Alam Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: H.B. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: M.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Surgical model of osteoarthritis secondary to medial patellar luxation in dogs Abstract: This study was performed to make a surgical model of osteoarthritis (OA) in the dog. Experimental medial patellar luxation (MPL) was surgically produced in the left stifle (index) of 24 skeletally mature mixed small breed dogs (age two to six years and weight 2.8 to 9 kg). The animals were randomly allocated in 2 groups; sham group (n = 12), where the right stifle was sham operated and control group (n = 12) with intact right stifle. Physical and radiographic examinations of both stifles were performed at 1.5 months intervals over a one-year experimental period. One dog was euthanatized every three months, and both stifles were explored, gross examination was performed and tissue samples from the articular cartilage, cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and synovium were collected for histomorphology. The clinical signs of OA were obvious in the experimental dogs by 12 weeks of surgical induction of MPL, which was also evidenced in the histopathology of the joint tissues and electron microscopy of the articular cartilage. The radiographic changes of OA were not obvious until remarkable degenerative changes became abvious six months postoperatively. Surgically induced MPL can be a successful tool for experimental induction of OA in dogs. Keywords: osteoarthritis, medial patellar luxation, surgical model, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 123-130 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3155-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3155-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3155-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Aydin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey Title: The arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) Abstract: This study had the aim of investigating the anatomy of the aortic arch in squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). Ten squirrels were studied. The materials were carefully dissected and the arterial patterns of arteries originating from the aortic arch were examined. The brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery were detached from the aortic arch. The brachiocephalic trunk first gave the left common carotid artery, and then detached to the right subclavian and common carotid artery. In all the examined materials, the left and right subclavian arteries gave branches that were similar after leaving the thoracic cavity from the cranial thoracic entrance. But while the whole branches of the the right subclavian artery were arising from almost the same point the left subclavian artery gave these branches in a definite order, and the branches that separated were the following: the internal thoracic artery, the intercostal suprema artery, the ramus spinalis, the vertebral artery and the descending scapular artery. It also gave the common branch formed by the junction of three of the cervical superficial, the cevical profund and the suprascapular arteries. After the separation of these branches, continuation of the artery gave the external thoracic artery on the external face of the thoracic cavity and then formed the axillar artery. The axillary artery separated into the subscapular and the brachial arteries. Thus, the arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries are different from other rodents and from domestic mammals. Keywords: arteries, aortic arch, red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 131-134 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3158-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3158-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3158-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.V.S. Pawaiya Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Author-Name: A.K. Sharma Author-Workplace-Name: Wildlife Centre, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India Author-Name: D. Swarup Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Author-Name: R. Somvanshi Author-Workplace-Name: Wildlife Centre, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India Title: Pathology of mycotic gastritis in a wild Indian freshwater/marsh crocodile (Mugger; Crocodylus palustris): a case report Abstract: There is no report on systemic mycotic disease in wild crocodilians so far. This report describes possibly the first ever case of deep gastric mycosis in a wild Indian crocodile. A carcass of an adult female, broad snouted Indian marsh crocodile was brought for necropsy. Externally, all visible mucous membranes, eyes, cloacal opening and joints were normal. On opening the carcass, all visceral organs were found in normal position and appeared grossly normal. The stomach was empty except for the presence of a few small wooden and bony pieces, and several dark blackish patches of raised plaques on the gastric mucosa. Other areas of gastric mucosa showed diffuse congestion with petechial haemorrhages and oedema. Microscopically, gastric mucosa in plaque areas appeared extensively thickened and fibrosed with moderate infiltration of mononuclear cells. Gastric glands were atrophied due to massive fibrosis which appeared to have completely replaced the mucosal architecture in the affected area. In the superficial gastric mucosa and also deep in the fibrosed tissue, spherical to oval, variable sized, thick walled bodies, several of them budding and often forming small chains, sprouting and even germinating, giving rise to branched hyphae, were conspicuously observed. These fungal bodies were found to be PAS-positive. Species identification of the mould could not be done. The present case appears to be the first report of invasive mycotic gastritis in a wild Indian crocodile (Crocodylus palustris), most probably caused by Candida albicans. Keywords: Candida albicans, crocodile, Crocodylus palustris, fungal, gastritis, invasive, mycotic, wildlife Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 135-139 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1575-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1575-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1575-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Novotny Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Vitasek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Bartoskova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Ovarian dysgerminoma with retroperitoneal metastases in a bitch: a case report Abstract: A four-year old, 26.5 kg, Boxer bitch was presented to the Department of Reproduction in the Clinic of Dogs and Cats with a six month history of vulvar swelling and vaginal discharge. General gynaecological examination showed an extremely swollen, oedematous and tough-elastic highly irritable vulva. A vaginal smear revealed the presence of superficial cells and red blood cells. After repeated unsuccesful administrations of HCG and GnRH the owner of the bitch agreed to surgical treatment. An ovariohysterectomy was performed and on the left ovary a grapefruit-size structure was found. Three nodular structures were found retroperitoneally and were also dissected. Histological examination showed a disgerminoma in metastasises, mitotically active with a bad prognosis. However, at a check up twenty months subsequently the patient was still alive. Keywords: dog, ovary, tumour, metastase, vulvar discharge Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 140-144 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3157-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3157-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:3157-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.F. Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Fictum Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Skoric Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Kazbundova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Scheer Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Unusual massive fatty infiltration of the heart in a British cat: a case report Abstract: A British cat was presented with generalized fatty infiltration of the heart compromising both ventricles and atria, resembling arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Due to the nature and progression of the disease, the final diagnosis was achieved at necropsy. According to our knowledge only a few cases of fatty infiltration of the heart have been reported in cats, this being the first in which the pathological findings were seen in both atria. Keywords: lipomatosis, fatty infiltration, heart, cat Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 145-147 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1574-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1574-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201103-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1574-VETMED