Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: VOLUME 55, CONTENTS Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: I-XII Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4441-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4441-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4441-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Olechnowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Author-Name: J.M. Jaskowski Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Title: Behaviour of lame cows: a review Abstract: Claw horn disorders, infectious diseases of hooves and leg injuries cause lameness in dairy cows. However, such diseases as sole haemorrhages, sole ulcers or white line diseases, cause clinical lameness. Lameness reduces milk production, the fertility of cows and also causes earlier culling of cows, as well resultings in a deterioration of their welfare. In this review we focus on the impact of lameness on bovine behaviour. The time spent lying down is an important behaviour of dairy cows. As an increased locomotion score is associated with an increased percentage of cows lying down, also the position of cows within the milking parlour is associated with lameness. Lame cows are more likely to present toward the end of milking. Clinical lameness is a chronic stressor, reducing progesterone concentrations prior to oestrus, and resulting in reduced sexual behaviour; however, lame cows have the same potential period of oestrus when compared with non-lame cows. Hoof diseases, particularly those which are a source of pain, also reduce animal welfare. A high standard of cow welfare may be achieved by improving the lives of animals and the people who work with them. A lack of comfort while lying presents a significant risk for lameness. Improvements in comfort on more than 75% of farms (32 out of a total number of 53 farms) reduced the incidence of mastitis, while on 42 farms it reduced the prevalence of lameness. The keeping of cows on the straw bed of stalls does not only improve animal welfare, mainly through the greater comfort of the floor, but has also been showed to increase eating and ruminating behaviour. Cows also prefer straw to sand bedding and lay down longer on straw than on sand; however, cleanliness and hoof health have been shown to be better on sand. Apart from comfort, the main factors which promote improvements in bovine welfare and health, include good management of dairy farms, keeping cows in free stalls with accompanying regular exercise, and a long time spent at pasture. The prevalence of clinical lameness was demonstrated to be higher on farms using mattresses when compared with farms using deep-bedded stalls. No differences were found in behaviour among cows with different degrees of lameness housed in mattress stalls. Hence, measures of laying behaviour are not good indicators of lameness. Keywords: cow, behaviour, welfare, lameness, gait score, comfort of stalls Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 581-588 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4435-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4435-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4435-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Kredatusova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Hajurka Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Szakallova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Valencakova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: B. Vojtek Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: Physiological events during parturition and possibilities for improving puppy survival: a review Abstract: Clinical examination and emergency care in newborn puppies is difficult, due to their different physiological characteristics and needs from those of adult dogs. This paper reviews the physiological events during parturition and the influence of parturition on puppy health. Keywords: parturition, puppies, Apgar, lactate, acid-base Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 589-594 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4436-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4436-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4436-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.A. Cetinkaya Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: B. Yardimci Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey Author-Name: C. Yardimci Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey Title: Hypertrophic osteopathy in a dog associated with intra-thoracic lesions: a case report and a review Abstract: This paper reviews hypertrophic osteopathy and describes one case report. Hypertrophic osteopathy is a rare pathologic disease process and is observed secondary to a mass in the thorax. In response to the presence of a mass(es), nonoedematous soft tissue swellings and a diffuse periosteal new bone formation develop in all four limbs. The result is mild to severe lameness. A twelve-year-old sexually intact female Cocker spaniel had undergone radical mastectomy on both sides in another veterinary hospital about two years before presentation in our hospital with lameness of both hind limbs. Pain and soft tissue swelling on the distal parts of extremities were determined in clinical examinations. Radiographs revealed periosteal new bone formation on all the long bones of all four limbs, pelvis and sternum; additionally, intrathoracic masses were observed. Euthanasia was performed five months later. Macroscopic examinations of the lungs revealed diffuse and exuberant masses with grizzled whitish cross-sectional colour and with necrotic and haemorrhagic foci. The radius-ulna, tibia, metacarpal and metatarsal bones of both limbs were examined and collected after the necropsy examination. Bone specimens were thicker and the outer surfaces seemed to be rough. At the histopathologic examination of the lung tissue, ovoid or round shaped and hyperchromatic nucleated diffuse anaplastic mammary gland epithelial cells were observed. According to these findings, these masses were diagnosed as the metastasis of malignant mixed tumours. Keywords: hypertrophic osteopathy, hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy, malign mixed tumor, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 595-601 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4437-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4437-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4437-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X.H. Mao Author-Workplace-Name: Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: X.Z. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: W.W. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: J.Y. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: L.F. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: Q. Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: K.J. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Author-Name: H. Cheng Author-Workplace-Name: Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Title: TLR agonists activate HPV11 E7-pulsed DCs to promote a specific T cell response in a murine model Abstract: : Some TLR agonists may up-regulate the activation of dendritic cells caused by viral antigenic peptides and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which are crucial in HPV vaccine development. We investigated the ability of three TLR agonists, imiquimod, PIC and CpG, to stimulate the maturation of murine BM-DCs loaded with HPV11E7 CTL epitopes, and the subsequent effect on HPV-specific T cell responses and tumour protection in a C57BL/6 mouse model. We found that TLR agonists, mostly PIC and imiquimod, stimulated the maturation of BM-DCs pulsed with HPV11E7 CTL epitope peptide. In combination with the epitope peptide, the TLR agonists CPG and PIC augmented epitope-specific Th1 cytokine production in vivo, while imiquimod and CPG, but not PIC, enhanced Th1 cytokine production in vitro. However, we failed to observe in vivo CTL cytotoxicity and anti-tumour protection upon TLR ligation in our mouse model. Our results demonstrate that TLR agonists activate HPV11E7 CTL epitope pulsed BM-DCs to promote specific Th1 immunity in C57BL/6 mouse model, indicating the promise of TLR agonists as adjuvants for HPV epitope/DC-based multifaceted vaccines against HPV infections such as condyloma accuminatum. Keywords: HPV - human papillomavirus, TLR - toll-like receptor, DC - dendritic cell Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 602-611 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4438-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4438-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4438-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Cizek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Krejcirova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Kocianova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Tichy Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Light and scanning electron microscopy of the developing lingual papillae in the green iguana, Iguana iguana Abstract: Reptiles have recently become a popular group of pet animals. A relatively large number of studies on the morphology of the oral cavity and method of feeding in adult individuals have been published. Nevertheless, embryological descriptions of reptile body parts or structures are rare. In this study, we describe the morphology of the developing tongue, in particular its dorsal surface, in pre-hatched green iguanas. Microscopic examination of the oral cavity of early embryos revealed that the tongue was divided into three different areas: apex, corpus and radix. The dorsal lingual surface was smooth and covered by nonkeratinised stratified squamous epithelium with slight prominences in some cases. In the underlying mesenchyme of the tongue, striated muscular tissue was formed. The epithelium thickness was reduced during formation of the lingual papillae and in later stages remained simple cuboidal. No developing taste buds could be recognised in the lingual epithelium. Keywords: green iguana, tongue, development, morphology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 612-618 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4439-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4439-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4439-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kwiatkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A. Pomianowski Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Z. Adamiak Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: I. Otrocka-Domagala Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: T. Widawski Author-Workplace-Name: GE Heatlhcare, Euromedic Diagnostics, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: K. Pazdzior Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Atypical sphenoid bone osteomyelitis in a maltanese dog caused by cryptococcosis: a case report Abstract: This article describes osteomyelitis of the sphenoid skull bone in a maltanese dog due to Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans infection. The affected dog was subjected to physical and neurological examinations. Complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry profile, lymph node biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination were also performed. This case report describes abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination as well as the histhopathologic lesions of the skull bones and neurological symptoms of the dog. Keywords: dog, blindness, ataxia, sphenoid bone osteomyelitis, cryptococcosis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 619-624 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4440-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4440-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201112-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:56:y:2011:i:12:id:4440-VETMED