Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Roldan-Santiago Author-Workplace-Name: Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Stress Physiology and Farm Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Production and Agriculture, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: R. Martinez-Rodriguez Author-Workplace-Name: National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Department of Animal Medicine and Production: Swine, FMVZ and CEIEPP, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: A. Yanez-Pizana Author-Workplace-Name: Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Stress Physiology and Farm Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Production and Agriculture, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: M.E. Trujillo-Ortega Author-Workplace-Name: National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Department of Animal Medicine and Production: Swine, FMVZ and CEIEPP, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: M. Sanchez-Hernandez Author-Workplace-Name: National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Department of Animal Medicine and Production: Swine, FMVZ and CEIEPP, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: E. Perez-Pedraza Author-Workplace-Name: National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM, Department of Animal Medicine and Production: Swine, FMVZ and CEIEPP, Mexico D.F., Mexico Author-Name: D. Mota-Rojas Author-Workplace-Name: Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco, Stress Physiology and Farm Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Production and Agriculture, Mexico D.F., Mexico Title: Stressor factors in the transport of weaned piglets: a review Abstract: The transport of weaned piglets is considered an important stress factor since the conditions involved in shipping affect the animals' health and welfare. The principal stressor factors that piglets experience during transport include: mixing with unfamiliar animals, overcrowding, heat, cold, temperature fluctuations, vibrations, and noise. It is well known that all these factors contribute to raising the level of stress caused by the weaning process; however, the additional effects attributable to transport immediately after weaning impact the physiology, metabolism and behaviour of piglets, predisposing them to delayed growth. For this reason, animal transport must be well-planned and take into account such aspects as preparation of the piglets, choosing the best route and vehicle type, assuring adequate vehicle design and maintenance, and providing sufficient space. Also important for assuring the welfare of the piglets during transport are sufficient rest time, appropriate access to food and water, defined measures for monitoring the animals during the trip, implementing means of disease control, and establishing the steps to be followed in case of an emergency. Keywords: stress, physiology, piglets, animal welfare, immune system Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 241-251 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6805-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6805-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6805-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.F. Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Schanilec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Heart lipomatosis in domestic animals: a review Abstract: Heart lipomatosis represents a group of diseases leading to fatty tissue changes and their accumulation in the heart. Though the morbidity is relatively low, fatty changes are believed to take part in many processes that can cause death, and in fact fatty tissue is a normal component in healthy human and animal hearts. Several diseases that produce fatty changes in human hearts may possibly cause the same syndromes in animals but many of these conditions remain undiscovered. The aim of this paper is to review the typical conditions leading to fatty changes in human hearts and to delineate their relationship with animal pathologies. Keywords: heart disease, fatty tissue, animals Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 252-259 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6806-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6806-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6806-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Mobini Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran Title: A quantitative evaluation of different regions of skin in adult Iranian native sheep Abstract: The present investigation aimed to evaluate the histomorphometric features of the skin of the Iranian native sheep (Bakhtiari breed). A total of 24 apparently healthy Iranian Bakhtiari sheep, aged 1-2 years were analysed and categorised on the basis of sex (12 females and 12 males). Samples were taken as small pieces from different regions of the skin, fixed and stained with H&E. The quantitative evaluations of different regions of skin were carried out using lattice line graticule (5 × 5) and light microscopy. The Student t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the data and detect significant differences. Results showed that the volume densities of different histological structures varied between sexes and among the different regions. No significant difference was observed in volume densities of sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles and blood vessels, but the other parameters studied differed significantly among the regions. Except for the arrector pili muscle and connective tissue, the volume densities of other tissue structures were significantly affected by sex. Keywords: Bakhtiari sheep, evaluation, region, various dermal structures Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 260-263 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6807-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6807-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6807-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.F. Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Schanilec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of the functional capacity in dogs with naturally acquired heart disease Abstract: Functional capacity is the physical ability to perform a defined task. In humans it can be evaluated by using exercise testing, for instance sub-maximal exercise tests. Walking tests are widely used variations of sub-maximal exercise tests and in human medicine are considered to be realistically related to daily physical activity and prognosis in patients with heart failure. The aim of this study was to assess a sub-maximal exercise test in dogs with varying degrees of heart disease. The 6-minute walking test was used to test the functional capacity in healthy dogs and dogs with heart disease (degenerative mitral valve disease). Three groups of untrained owned dogs were compared. Two groups were dogs had mild and moderate degenerative mitral valve disease (ME-1 and ME-2, respectively) and the third group comprised healthy dogs with the same age and size conditions. Both groups of dogs with mitral valve disease walked shorter distances during 6 min (control 448.92 m; ME-1: 406.89 m; ME-2: 350.04 m). The influence of the test on the heart rate, electrocardiography and blood pressure was also evaluated. Although the 6-minute walking test has already been tested in healthy dogs, dogs with chronic pulmonary disease and dogs with artificially induced heart disease, this is the first time that this test has been validated in elderly dogs with naturally acquired heart disease. Thus, we demonstrate here that this test can be used reliably for assessing functional capacity in dogs with heart disease. Keywords: 6-minute walking test, sub-maximal exercise test, heart disease, dogs Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 264-270 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6808-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6808-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6808-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Jena Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India Author-Name: K.S. Rao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India Author-Name: K.C.S. Reddy Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India Author-Name: K.B.P. Raghavender Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India Title: Comparative efficacy of various therapeutic protocols in the treatment of pyometra in bitches Abstract: This study was undertaken on canine pyometra and consisted of 28 bitches of different breeds with known breeding history and open type of pyometra. The diagnosis of pyometra was made by correlating the history and clinical signs with the findings of abdominal palpation, radiography and ultrasonography. The physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated before and at the end of therapy. The clinical cases were divided randomly into four different groups with each group consisting of seven bitches. One untreated control group in which bitches were given only supportive therapies was included. The bitches in the other three groups were treated using natural PGF2α or synthetic PGF2α or a combination of a dopamine agonist prolactin-inhibiting drug, i.e., cabergoline and lower dose of synthetic PGF2α (Cloprostenol) along with supportive therapies. Treatment of canine pyometra by the use of different drugs was found to be successful. Though a lower dose of cloprostenol was effective in treating pyometra, it is not recommended due to high rates of recurrence and lower conception rates. Treatment of canine pyometra using a combination of a dopamine agonist prolactin-inhibiting drug (Cabergoline) and a lower dose of synthetic PGF2α (Cloprostenol) was found to be the most effective method among the three therapeutic protocols used in the present study. Keywords: pyometra, treatment, natural prostaglandin, synthetic prostaglandin, cabergoline, side effects, recurrence rate, conception rate Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 271-276 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6809-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6809-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6809-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Ledecky Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Valencakova-Agyagosova Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Lepej Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nuclear and Molecular Medicine (INMM), Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Frischova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nuclear and Molecular Medicine (INMM), Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: S. Hornak Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Nagy Author-Workplace-Name: Medical Faculty and L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen values with the radioimmunoassay method in healthy females dogs Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine reference values of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen in 32 clinically healthy bitches. The average age of the bitches in each group was as follows: small breeds 3.50 ± 2.30, medium breeds 3.83 ± 3.21, large breeds 6.00 ± 3.22 and giant breeds 2.40 ± 2.43. The average weight in each group was as follows: 1st group 7.94 kg ± 1.84, 2nd group 22.38 kg ± 2.77, 3rd group 35.94 kg ± 7.16, and 4th group 52.75 kg ± 5.04. The cancer markers were determined using human kits. The mean values of the carcinoembryotic antigen markers ± SD were as follows: 1st group 0.18 ± 0.03, 2nd group 0.20 ± 0.03, 3rd group 0.22 ± 0.01, 4th group 0.18 ± 0.04. The statistical significance for the carcinoembryonic antigen markers was P = 0.0042**. The values of cancer antigen markers ± SD were: 4.90 ± 1.04, 4.80 ± 1.13, 5.90 ± 1.22, and 4.72 ± 0.97, respectively. The cancer antigen values were statistically insignificant (P = 0.1762). Based on obtained values of the mean 95%, we expect a standard for carcinoembryonic antigen of 0.00-0.23 ng/ml and for cancer antigen 0.0-7.00 IU/ml. The results of the present study show that it is possible to use human kits for the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen in clinically healthy bitches using the radioimmunoassay method. Keywords: canine, mammary gland, CEA, CA 15-3, tumor markers Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 277-283 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6810-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6810-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6810-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Khoshbakht Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: S. Seifi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol Special University of Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran Author-Name: M. Tabatabaei Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: H. Shirzad Aski Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: V. Ranjbar Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: B. Abdi Hacheso Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Title: Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains with identical random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar) and broilers: a case report Abstract: We used the random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique to discriminate the major emerging poultry pathogen, Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), in broiler and chukar partridge cases referred to the veterinary medicine teaching hospital. Amazingly, the chickens and partridges random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns were similar. This suggests the risk of a common source for the strains isolated from the different animals and illustrates the necessity of novel and improved control programs to prevent and restrict this significant disease which is prevalent among poultry species. Keywords: RAPD, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, chukar partridge, broiler Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 284-288 Volume: 58 Issue: 5 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6811-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6811-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201305-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6811-VETMED