Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Rajchard Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: Kairomones - important substances in interspecific communication in vertebrates: a review Abstract: Interspecies chemical communication is widespread among many groups of organisms, including vertebrates. Kairomones belong to a group of intensively researched substances, represent means for interspecific chemical communication in animals and bring benefit to the acceptor of the chemical signal. Important and often studied is the chemical communication between hosts and their ectoparasites such as ticks and other parasitic mite species. Uric acid is a host stimulus of the kairomone type, which is a product of bird metabolism, or secretions of blood-fed (ingested) ticks. Secretion of volatile substances with kairomone effect may depend on the health of the host organism. Another examined group is the haematophagous ectoparasite insects of the order Diptera, where in addition to the attractiveness of CO2 a number of other attractants have been described. Specificity of substances in chemical communication can also be determined by their enantiomers. Detailed study of the biology of these ectoparasites is very important from a practical point of view: these parasites play an important role as vectors in a number of infectious diseases. Another area of interspecific chemical communication is the predator-prey relationship, or rather the ability to detect the proximity of predator and induce anti-predator behaviour in the prey. This relationship has been demonstrated in aquatic vertebrates (otter Lutra lutra - salmon Salmo salar) as well as in rodents and their predators. The substances produced by carnivores that induce behavioural response in mice have already been identified. The knowledge of interspecies communication (e.g., between host and parasite) is becoming a prerequisite in successful animal breeding and care. Keywords: interspecific relationship, host, ectoparasite, predator, prey Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 561-566 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7137-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7137-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7137-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Cervinkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Vlkova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Borodacova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Makovcova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Babak Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Lorencova Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Vrtkova Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Agrogenomics, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Marosevic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Jaglic Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Prevalence of mastitis pathogens in milk from clinically healthy cows Abstract: A total of 669 individual cow milk samples originating from asymptomatic cows from 16 dairy farms were examined for the presence of microorganisms with the potential to cause mastitis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci clearly predominated (53.5% positive samples) followed by streptococci and enterococci (both occurring in 16.1% samples). Among streptococci, so-called mastitis streptococci (S. uberis, S. dysgalactiae and S. agalactiae) prevailed (11.7% positive samples). Enterobacteriaceae were found in 10.0% samples, most of which (6.6% samples) were positive for Escherichia coli. Yeasts (mainly Candida spp.) were found in 8.2% samples. One of the major mastitis pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, was isolated from 9.0% of samples. S. aureus isolates were further characterised in terms of their capability to form biofilm, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonality (PFGE). All S. aureus isolates were capable of biofilm formation and were generally susceptible to the majority of tested antibiotics. The exception was ampicillin, resistance to which was observed in 27.7% isolates. Therefore, the relatively frequent occurrence of S. aureus could be attributed to persistent intramammary infections due to biofilm formation rather than low efficacy of particular antibiotics. PFGE analysis revealed clonal spread of certain S. aureus isolates within and between farms indicating that certain lineages of S. aureus mastitis strains are particularly successful. Keywords: mastitis, bovine, intramammary, IMI, etiology, epidemiology, macrorestriction Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 567-575 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7138-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7138-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7138-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Fazio Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: S. Marafioti Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: F. Arfuso Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: G. Piccione Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: C. Faggio Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Title: Comparative study of the biochemical and haematological parameters of four wild Tyrrhenian fish species Abstract: A characteristic feature of fish is the wide physiological range of blood parameters and also the large individual variations. The aim of this study was to compare the haematological profile, glucose and lactate levels of four teleost fish species (Gobius niger, Mugil cephalus, Sparus aurata, Dicentrarchus labrax) and to establish the similarities and differences between these species which are widely present in the Tyrrhenian Sea. To this end, glucose, lactate and complete haematological profiles were determined for 25 fish from each species. Statistical analysis confirmed statistical differences in blood parameters among the four species. Our findings show a lower level of glucose and higher levels of lactate, red blood cells and haemoglobin in M. cephalus with respect to the other species. White blood cell and thrombocyte counts have the same trend and result higher in S. aurata. The differences found in this study can be attributed to the feeding behaviour, life style and adaptation of the different fish species to the habitat in which they dwell. Keywords: blood parameters, glucose, lactate, teleost, sea water Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 576-581 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7139-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7139-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7139-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Mirzaeian Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: A.A. Sarchahi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Author-Name: A. Shojaee Tabrizi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Author-Name: A. Derakhshandeh Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Title: Eradication of gastric Helicobacter spp. by triple therapy in dogs Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a triple anti-Helicobacter therapy using omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (OAC) in dogs. A total of 15 healthy adult stray dogs with naturally acquired Helicobacter infection were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and rapid urease test. Subsequently, they received a 21-day triple regimen. One day after the discontinuation of treatment, a second molecular analysis of gastric biopsies revealed complete eradication of Helicobacter DNA with negative quantitative urease testing in all 15 dogs. Our results confirmed the high prevalence of gastric Helicobacter-like organisms (GHLOs) in the stray dog population of Shiraz, Iran, and the effectiveness of our therapeutic regimen for the complete eradication of these microorganisms in stray dogs. In conclusion, for the complete elimination of non-pylori Helicobacter spp. from the gastric mucosa of dogs, a 21-day three-drug regimen with omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin is suggested. Keywords: Helicobacter spp., dog, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, omeprazole Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 582-586 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7140-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7140-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7140-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Uhrikova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Machackova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Rauserova-Lexmaulova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Rehakova Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Doubek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Disseminated intravascular coagulation in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus syndrome Abstract: Gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome is associated with changes in haemostatic profiles. The aims of this study were to compare selected haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters between healthy dogs and dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, estimate the incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and determine the most sensitive test for detection of DIC in these patients. Blood was collected from 22 dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, and nine healthy control dogs. Platelet counts, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen concentrations and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were measured in all control dogs and patients with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, before and after surgery. Significant differences between control dogs and patients were seen in activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products before surgery and all measured parameters after surgery. The incidence of DIC was 59%. The most sensitive tests for detection of DIC before surgery were those for activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products. Keywords: bleeding disorders, canine, coagulopathy, fibrin degradation products, haemostasis Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 587-590 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7141-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7141-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7141-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Macri Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: G. Lanteri Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: S. Ferraro Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: G. Marino Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: G. Mazzullo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Title: Acardius acephalus in a goat kid - radiological and gross findings: a case repor Abstract: We received a malformed Messinese Black goat foetus for examination. The foetus was part of a triple gestation, from which two male kids presented no morphological abnormalities and underwent regular slaughtering. X-ray examination and necropsy were performed. On the basis of gross and radiological findings the malformation was classified as acardius acephalus. In human medicine, acardius is a rare and severe abnormality reported as a unique complication of monozygotic twin pregnancies, and is known as twin-reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP). Keywords: acardius acephalus, X-ray, Messinese Black goat, congenital malformation, twin-reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 591-593 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7142-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7142-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7142-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Ceribasi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: M. Ozkaraca Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Control Institute, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: A.O. Ceribasi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Author-Name: H. Ozer Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Title: Pericardial mesothelioma in a German Shepherd dog: a case report Abstract: In this case report, a diagnosis of pericardial mesothelioma in a four year old male German shepherd dog is described. The dog, which had anorexia, bloody diarrhoea, dehydration and depression and, died on day 10 of therapy, was systematically necropsied. At necropsy, approximately 1.5 litres of cloudy and bloody exudate were detected in the thoracic cavity. The parietal lamina of the pericardium was covered with multilobular nodular masses related with each other, 1 to 5 cm in diameter and grey-yellow in colour. There were proliferations characterised with grey-yellow colour and approximately 1 to 5 mm in length on visceral pleura. The presence of abscess foci with liquefied-centrum was observed when examining a section surface of the lung. The appearance of the oesophageal serosa, thoracic aorta and the thoracic section of the diaphragm were similar to pleura. A thickening was microscopically determined in the parietal lamina of the pleura and pericardium due to papillary proliferations consisting of cells similar to cubic or cylindrical epithelium. Severe lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltrations were observed in the pleural sections next to the lung. Neoplastic cells had nuclei with large eosinophilic granular cytoplasms and large vesicular and single nucleoli. Some neoplastic cells were determined to include intracytoplasmic vacuoles. The neoplastic cells contained some mitotic figures. It was observed that some tumour cells contributed to giant cell formation through integration. In periodic acid Schiff-haematoxylin (PAS-H) examinations it was determined that the pleural basal membrane maintained its integrity. Immunohistochemically, the tumour gave a weak positive reaction with anti-pancytokeratin staining while giving intense reaction with anti-vimentin staining. Keywords: dog, mesothelioma, pericardium Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 594-598 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7143-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7143-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7143-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.E. Ojeda Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Sciences Faculty, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile Author-Name: M. Moroni Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Sciences Faculty, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile Author-Name: M. Mieres Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Sciences Faculty, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile Author-Name: E. Paredes Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Sciences Faculty, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile Title: Cox-2 expression after chemotherapy in a canine nasal transitional cell carcinoma: a case report Abstract: An eight year-old mixed breed dog was referred for evaluation with chronic sneezing, epistaxis and nasal bone deformation. A clinical exam revealed a deformity of the left nasal bone. Cytological evaluation of the nasal cavity showed round and cuboid cells in different stages of maturation. Computed tomography images identified a diffuse soft tissue mass in the nasal cavity. The histopathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma. Chemotherapy with cisplatin and piroxicam was initiated. Computed tomography was used to follow the chemotherapy outcome. As many nasal carcinomas express COX-2, its expression was evaluated before and after chemotherapy. Computed tomography revealed a significant reduction of the tumour mass. Inmunohistochemistry showed a marked decrease in COX-2 expression and after 1120 days, the dog remained without clinical signs. Thus, the use of piroxicam and cisplatin is revealed to be effective in the treatment of a nasal transitional carcinoma in a dog. Also, it is possible to postulate that a decrease in COX-2 expression after chemotherapy may be regarded as an indication for a good response to the treatment and favourable outcome. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report that evaluates COX-2 expression after chemotherapy. Keywords: dog, cisplatin, piroxicam, nasal tumour Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 599-604 Volume: 58 Issue: 11 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7144-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7144-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201311-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:58:y:2013:i:11:id:7144-VETMED