Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Imran Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (CSKHPKV), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India Author-Name: S.P. Tyagi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (CSKHPKV), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India Title: Reliability of ultrasonographic examination of the large intestine in healthy cows Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of ultrasonographic examination of the large intestine in 10 clinically healthy Jersey/Red Sindhi crossbred cows. The area extending from the tuber coxae to the 6th intercostal space (ICS) and from the lumbar transverse processes to the linea alba on the right side was shaved. An imaginary line was drawn from the distal third of the femur up to the 8th ICS parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cow. The large intestine was scanned dorsal to this imaginary line. Only the near wall of the large intestine adjacent to the abdominal wall could be imaged ultrasonographically. Based on the topographical anatomy, the ultrasonographic images of the caecum and the proximal loop of the ascending colon (PLAC), resembling the 'arc of a circle', were observed in the mid to dorsal right paralumbar fossa and the 12th ICS; however, the caecum and the PLAC could not be differentiated with certainty using ultrasonography. Similarly, the ultrasonographic images of the spiral loop of the ascending colon (SLAC), resembling a 'cycloid', could be imaged through the 12th to 11th ICSs and in the dorsal right paralumbar fossa; yet, ultrasonographically, it was difficult to differentiate the SLAC from the descending loop of the ascending colon, transverse colon, and descending colon, respectively. The differences (qualitative and quantitative) in the degrees of curvatures of various ultrasonographic images of parts of the large intestine were also not helpful. In conclusion, ultrasonographic imaging of various parts of the bovine large intestine should be interpreted with caution. Keywords: ultrasonography, large intestine, caecum, colon, cows Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 63-67 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7314-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7314-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7314-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.R. Tatara Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: II Department of Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: A. Brodzki Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: K. Pasternak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: M. Szpetnar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: P. Rosenbeiger Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: B. Tymczyna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: D. Niedziela Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: W. Krupski Author-Workplace-Name: II Department of Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland Title: Changes of amino acid concentrations in Polish Merino sheep between 21 and 150 days of life Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma amino acid profiles and their interrelationships in male Polish Merino sheep at two different stages of their systemic development - at the neonatal monogastric stage and as a fully grown ruminant. Male lambs (n = 12, singles) were kept indoors in pens under standard rearing conditions and weaned at the age of 10 weeks of life. Blood samples were collected on day 21 and 150 of life. Free amino acids were determined in plasma using ion-exchange chromatography. There was a significant reduction in plasma amino acid concentrations between neonatal and functioning ruminants for threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, citrulline, tyrosine, tryptophan, lysine, histidine and arginine. Significant increases in the plasma concentrations of alpha-amino-butyrate and isoleucine were observed in 150 day old lambs. Except for glutamine in 21 day old sheep which was significantly negatively correlated with serine, glutamate, proline and tyrosine concentrations in plasma, the obtained results in younger and older groups of lambs showed 47 and 22 significant positive correlations between the evaluated amino acids. This study shows that decreases in plasma amino acid concentrations in 150 day old sheep with physiologically developed forestomachs are dominant in comparison to 21 day-old animals receiving maternal milk as a basic diet. Our results address the possibility of utilising improved amino acid supply for growing lambs with developed forestomachs. Keywords: amino acid, blood plasma, ion-exchange chromatography, Polish Merino sheep, weaning Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 68-75 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7315-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7315-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7315-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Gautam Author-Workplace-Name: Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Ludhiana, Ludhiana, Punjab, India Author-Name: N.K. Sood Author-Workplace-Name: Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Ludhiana, Ludhiana, Punjab, India Author-Name: K. Gupta Author-Workplace-Name: Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Ludhiana, Ludhiana, Punjab, India Title: Aberrant cytoplasmic accumulation of retinoblastoma protein in basal cells may lead to increased survival in malignant canine mammary tumours Abstract: The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene RB-1 is a tumour suppressor gene that encodes a protein (Rb) that regulates the transition from the G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle. Inactivation of the Rb gene has been shown in a variety of human tumours, including breast, ovarian, hepatic, prostatic, and endometrial carcinomas. Although Rb protein is normally expressed in the nuclei of healthy cells, during carcinogenesis there is a partial or complete loss of nuclear expression. Recently, some reports have indicated aberrant cytoplasmic expression of Rb protein. However, little is known about its cytoplasmic expression and significance as a prognostic marker in canine mammary tumours (CMT). The present study was performed on 36 malignant CMT cases in order to assess the mutational status and prognostic significance of Rb in primary malignant CMT. We report an almost complete loss of nuclear expression of Rb protein with corresponding gain of aberrant cytoplasmic expression in basal/myoepithelial cells in CMT. Strikingly, our analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between survival time and cytoplasmic expression of Rb protein in basal cells. Moreover, cytoplasmic expression of Rb protein in basal cells was also correlated with tumour grade and stage. Keywords: canine mammary tumour, dogs, immunohistochemistry, retinoblastoma protein Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 76-80 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7316-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7316-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7316-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Lepic Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Stara Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Turek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kozak Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Velisek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic Title: The effects of four anaesthetics on haematological and blood biochemical profiles in vimba bream, Vimba vimba Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of four anaesthetics on the haematological and blood biochemical profiles of vimba bream (Vimba vimba). The haematological and blood biochemical profiles of vimba bream were evaluated 10 min and 24 h after anaesthesia with MS 222 (100 mg/l), clove oil (33 mg/l), 2-phenoxyethanol (0.4 ml/l), Propiscin (1.0 ml/l) and compared to non-anaesthetised controls. The 10 min exposure to any of the anaesthetics did not show any effects on haematological profiles. The exposure to 2-phenoxyethanol and Propiscin significantly (P < 0.01) influenced levels of glucose and ammonia, and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase compared with the control group. The level of triacylglycerols was significantly (P < 0.01) increased and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase was significantly (P < 0.01) decreased by exposure to MS 222. The use of clove oil showed no effects on the haematological and blood biochemical profiles and is recommended as a suitable anaesthetic for vimba bream. Other anaesthetics tested affected blood biochemical profiles to some extent. Keywords: anaesthesia, tricaine methane sulphate, clove oil, 2-phenoxyethanol, Propiscin Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 81-87 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7317-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7317-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7317-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Landa Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Slais Author-Workplace-Name: Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Machalova Author-Workplace-Name: Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Sulcova Author-Workplace-Name: Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) on behavioural sensitisation to methamphetamine in mice Abstract: The psychostimulant methamphetamine (Met), similarly to other drugs of abuse, is known to produce an increased behavioural response after its repeated application (behavioural sensitisation). It has also been described that an increased response to a drug may be elicited by previous repeated administration of another drug (cross-sensitisation). We have previously shown that the CB1, CB2 and TRPV (vanilloid) cannabinoid receptor agonist methanandamide, cross-sensitised to Met stimulatory effects in mice. The present study was focused on ability of the more selective and potent CB1 receptor activator arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) to elicit cross-sensitisation to the stimulatory effects of Met on mouse locomotor behaviour in the Open field test. Male mice were randomly divided into three groups and on seven occasions (from the 7th to 13th day of the experiment) were administered drugs as follows:(a) n1: vehicle at the dose of 10 ml/kg/day; (b) n2: Met at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day; (c) n 3: ACPA at the dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day. Locomotor behaviour in the Open field test was measured (a) after administration of vehicle on the 1st experimental day, (b) after the 1st dose of drugs given on the 7th day, and (c) on the 14th day after the "challenge doses" administered in the following manner: n1: saline at a dose of 10 ml/kg, n2, 3: Met at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. The observed behavioural changes consisted in: (a) gradual development of habituation to the open field conditions in three consecutive tests; (b) development of behavioural sensitisation to the stimulatory effects of Met after repeated treatment; (c) insignificant effect of repeated pre-treatment with ACPA on the stimulatory effects of Met challenge dose. The results of our study give rise to the question which of the cannabinoid receptor mechanisms might be most responsible for the neuroplastic changes inducing sensitisation to the stimulatory effects of Met. Keywords: behavioural sensitisation, methamphetamine, cannabinoids, ACPA, mice Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 88-94 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7318-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7318-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7318-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Supuka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Mazensky Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Supukova Author-Workplace-Name: Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Faculty of Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Parkanyi Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, Luzianky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Ondruska Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, Luzianky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: S. Hornak Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Hromada Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Petrovic Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: Homozygous Pelger-Huet anomaly in three different crossbred rabbits: a case report Abstract: In this case report, three different crossbreedings of pet rabbits were performed producing affected as well as healthy bunnies. All affected rabbits were smaller and had local alopecia, exophthalmus, and limb deviations compared to their healthy littermates; thus, a homozygous form of Pelger-Huet anomaly was suspected. This anomaly was confirmed by blood examination in which granulocytes with oval nuclei and a very coarse chromatin pattern, as well as lymphocytes with micronuclei were noticed. Karyotype analyses of the lymphocytes revealed many chromosomal aberrations in affected rabbits. Moreover, severe arterial abnormalities in the pelvic cavity and proximal part of the pelvic limbs were also found in these rabbits. Our findings suggest a multigenic origin of Pelger-Huet anomaly in rabbits, because only male and female offspring with the otter colour of fur were severely affected by this congenital disorder. Keywords: laboratory animals, hereditary disease, chromosome, leukocytes, anatomical anomalies Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 95-101 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7319-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7319-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7319-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.C. Perez-Marin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: L. Molina Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: G. Vizuete Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: J.M. Sanchez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Author-Name: R. Zafra Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain Author-Name: M.J. Bautista Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain Title: Uterine and ovarian remnants in an incorrectly spayed bitch: a case report Abstract: A spayed Samoyed bitch, 12 years old, was presented to the Veterinary Clinical Hospital of the University of Cordoba (Spain) with abundant vulvar sanguineous discharge over the previous three days. The clinical examination revealed a remarkable vulvar mass, which protruded through the vulvar lips. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed the presence of structures compatible with uterus and ovary, which had been presumably removed eight years previously. An exploratory laparotomy was carried out, which confirmed the presence of the right ovary and a remnant of the uterus. The histological evaluation confirmed a granulosa cell tumour in the ovary, and an enlarged portion of the right uterine horn with brownish contents. The vulvar mass was also surgically removed and fibroma with some fibrosarcoma areas was diagnosed. This case shows the evolution of ovary and uterus into the abdomen, which were incorrectly removed after ovariohysterectomy eight years previously. Keywords: ovariohysterectomy, canine, malpractice, granulosa cell tumour Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 102-106 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7320-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7320-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7320-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Vnuk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: N. Brkljaca Bottegaro Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: L. Slunjski Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: B. Skrlin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: A. Musulin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Stejskal Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Prepubic urethrostomy opening within a prepuce in a dog: a case report Abstract: The prepubic urethrostomy procedure has been shown to be a long-term diversion technique in dogs with intrapelvic urethral damage. This case report describes the clinical presentation and successful surgical management of an intrapelvic urethral stricture in a four month old male intact Labrador Retriever with hypospadias. The dog was presented for assessment of dysuria, stranguria, urinary incontinence, and urethrocutaneous fistula. After the diagnosis of perineal hypospadias with intrapelvic urethral stricture was made, surgery was performed to relieve the urethral obstruction and repair the urethrocutaneous fistula. A prepubic urethrostomy was made and the transected urethra was pulled through the inguinal canal into the prepuce. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. This technique can reduce postoperative peristomal skin irritation and leads to better cosmetic appearance than the standard technique. Keywords: urethral stricture, hypospadias, diversion technique Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 107-111 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7321-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7321-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7321-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wojtacka Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Szarek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: I. Babinska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M. Felsmann Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Strzyzewska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A. Szarek-Beska Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Practice "Pulsar", Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: K. Dublan Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Micinski Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Sodium carbonate intoxication on a chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) farm: a case report Abstract: Massive deaths were reported on a chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) farm, which over 10 months led to the elimination of the herd. After three months of feeding, longitudinal precipitates inside the pellets were noted. The first symptoms were observed two weeks after the introduction of feed, and included lethargy, decreased mobility, and reduced appetite, as well as increased reactions to external stimuli. Over time, single deaths, hair loss and gnawing, white discolorations on teeth, and polyuria were reported. Haemorrhages of the reproductive tract and mass abortions were observed. Necropsy revealed the presence of transudate with pH = 10, severe hyperaemia of the intestinal mesentery, and extensive regressive lesions in the gastric and intestinal mucosa. Both grossly and microscopically, lesions were noted in the liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, and lungs. The urinary bladder was overfilled. No lesions were observed in the spleen or mesenteric lymph nodes. Histopathology of skin specimens revealed atrophy of the hair follicles. Diagnosis was sodium carbonate intoxication. Owing to the specific features of this species, it was impossible to introduce emetic-based treatment in order to eliminate the toxic agent from the body. No therapeutic measures were undertaken because of the late diagnosis of the toxic agent and late removal of feed, as well as extensive lesions on the gastrointestinal mucosa. Keywords: sodium carbonate intoxication, chinchilla Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 112-116 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7322-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7322-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201402-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:2:id:7322-VETMED