Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Heidari Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Paraveterinary Medicine, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran Author-Name: Z. Sadeghi-Dehkordi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Paraveterinary Medicine, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran Author-Name: R. Moayedi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Paraveterinary Medicine, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran Author-Name: J. Gharekhani Author-Workplace-Name: Iranian Veterinary Organization, Hamedan, Iran Title: Occurrence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province, Iran Abstract: Information on the occurrence, diversity and economic losses due to Eimeria infection on cattle farms is lacking in Western Iran. The principal aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province, Western Iran. In a cross-sectional study performed from June 2010 to April 2013, 400 faecal samples were collected randomly from animals without clinical signs from different cattle farms of Hamedan province and examined for Eimeria species infection using parasitology methods. The overall infection rate of Eimeria species was 8.25%. Nine species of Eimeria were identified including: E. bovis (23.7%), E. zuernii (19.2%), E. canadensis (12.6%), E. ellipsodalis (11.4%), E. alabamensis (10.4%), E. pellita (9.1%), E. auburnensis (6.8%), E. cylindrica (4.6%) and E. bukidnonensis (2.3%). There were statistically significant differences with respect to Eimeria infection and age group (P < 0.0001, OR = 6), although no statistically significant relationships were found for sex (P = 0.35) or faecal consistency (P = 0.587). In conclusion, this study is the first to report the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province. Infection with pathogenic Eimeria spp. was asymptomatic in all animals; this is the reason for the transmission of infection by carriers in this region. Therefore, integrated strategies should be utilised to prevent and control Eimeria spp. infection on cattle farms. Keywords: Eimeria spp., OPG, risk factors, faecal samples, calf age, Iran Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 271-275 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7570-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7570-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7570-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Vnuk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: A. Gudan Kurilj Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Maticic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: G. Dupre Author-Workplace-Name: Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria Title: Visualisation of the thoracic duct after popliteal lymph node injection in the pig: comparison of radiographic and thoracoscopic techniques Abstract: Radiographic contrast studies have been recommended to identify the thoracic duct (TD) and its branches before and after surgery for total occlusion. The macroscopic identification of the TD and its branches during surgery usually involves injection of methylene blue (MB). Radiographic contrast and methylene blue can be injected into different anatomical structures (lymph node, lymph vessel, s.c.). The purpose of this study was to compare two different techniques (radiographic and thoracoscopic) for visualisation of the TD after intrapopliteal lymph node injection in the pig. Six piglets from the same litter (two males and four females), two months of age were used. Iohexol at 245 mg/ml was injected into the left popliteal lymph node (LN) under general anaesthesia; hindlimb, abdominal, and thoracic radiographs were taken. A 0.25% methylene blue solution was injected into the right popliteal lymph node and the thoracic duct colouration was assessed thoracoscopically. The thoracic duct was visualised radiographically in one out of six pigs after iohexol injection and thoracoscopically in five out of six pigs after methylene blue injection. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.040). Popliteal LN lymphangiography using iohexol at 245 mg/ml in piglets should not be the recommended method for TD visualisation. Intrapopliteal injection of a 0.25% solution of methylene blue is recommended as a method of TD visualisation prior to thoracic duct ligation. Keywords: iohexol, methylene blue, pig, popliteal lymph node, thoracic duct Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 276-282 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7571-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7571-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7571-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.P. Sudre Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University, Biomedical Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Author-Name: D. Leles Author-Workplace-Name: Federal University, Biomedical Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Author-Name: M.F. Lima Author-Workplace-Name: Federal Rural University, Institute of Exact Sciences, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Author-Name: T.C.B. Bomfim Author-Workplace-Name: Federal Rural University, Institute of Veterinary, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Title: First molecular characterisation of Giardia duodenalis infection in dairy goats in Brazil Abstract: The aim of this study was to perform the first molecular genotyping of Giardia duodenalis from goats in Brazil, in order to assess the risk for zoonotic transmission. Samples were collected from two dairy goat farms (Saanen breed) located in the city of Niteroi in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Goat faecal samples (n = 58) were collected directly from the rectums of all animals up to one year of age and were subjected to centrifuge-flotation in sugar saturate solution. Nested-PCR and sequencing using β -giardin and tpi gene targets was performed on positive samples. Seventeen out of fifty-eight (29.31%) faecal samples were positive for Giardia duodenalis cysts, all belonging to the same farm. Only eight isolates were successfully sequenced (eight samples for β-giardin and four samples for tpi), all belonging to genotype E. Two types of sequences were identified for each locus within isolates from the current study, which exhibited sequence heterogeneity with variable numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of this parasite. Keywords: goat, Giardia duodenalis, molecular characterisation, genotyping Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 283-292 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7572-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7572-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7572-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Janalik Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Fichtel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Sperka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Omasta Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Rauser Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Three-dimensional optical assessment of experimental iatrogenic mechanical damage to canine dental enamel caused by a sonic scaler Abstract: Removal of dental calculus deposits is one of the basic parts of professional dental cleaning. Despite the popularity of power-driven scalers, several risks are associated with their use, mechanical damage of the enamel surface being one of the most important. The present study evaluated enamel damage caused by a sonic scaler in different work patterns to quantify the damage and allow a clear comparison. Seventy-five canine teeth were carefully extracted from twenty-three dogs. The scaler was used on a clean surface with several combinations of time (five to twenty seconds) and parts of the scaler (point vs. side of the tip). Subsequently, damaged surface topography was mapped using three-dimensional optical microscopy. The results revealed a high variance in defect depth which was influenced by both factors. Statistical assessment confirmed highly significant (P < 0.001) or at least significant (P < 0.05) differences in data acquired for each group. As expected, the shallowest defects were produced by the scaler side in the shortest experimental period (five seconds). Point use proved to be quite damaging, as it resulted in approximately four times higher median values than the side in the same timeframe. Therefore, it is crucial to follow all safety precautions when handling a power-driven scaler even during routine treatments. Use of the side of the tip and constant movement on the tooth surface are essential to reduce the risk of enamel damage. Keywords: profilometry, periodontal treatment, teeth, tartar Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 293-298 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7573-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7573-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7573-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Zienius Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: G. Pridotkas Author-Workplace-Name: National Food and Veterinary Risk Assessment Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania Author-Name: I. Jaceviciene Author-Workplace-Name: National Food and Veterinary Risk Assessment Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania Author-Name: M. Ruzauskas Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Kaunas, Lithuania Title: The field efficiency of oral rabies vaccination in the Lithuanian red fox population from 2006 to 2013 Abstract: The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of an oral rabies vaccination (ORV) program in the period from 2006 to 2013 based on epidemiological data (Incidence of confirmed rabies in red foxes), biological marker evaluation (presence of tetracycline [TTC] indicating bait uptake), and the assessment of seroconversion (based on ELISA for rabies antibodies) in red foxes in Lithuania. Results were compared between juvenile and adult red foxes, and between the spring (March to May) and autumn (October to December) campaigns. On average, 20 baits/km2 were distributed over the entire territory of Lithuania. During the entire period of 2006-2013 1179 red foxes (10% of 11 829) were rabies-positive. While in 2006, 23.8% of tested foxes were rabies-positive, the incidence decreased to 2.4% in 2009, and 0.7% in 2011. Based on jaw bone investigation 78.1% of the foxes had ingested TTC from baits, 52.2% had seroconverted. The percentage of ELISA-positive red fox sera samples remained stable at 44.7-53.2% during both most recent ORV periods. The majority were adults (83%), 81.1 ± 8.54% of which were TCC-positive, and 73.8 ± 6.33% were TTC-positive juveniles. 52.5 ± 5.81% of adult red foxes had seroconversed, while 48.2 ± 4.51% of the young animals had a positive ELISA test in the years 2006 to 2013. This is in contrast to 2006 where only 29.5% of the young foxes were ELISA-positive. There were no significant differences between TTC- and ELISA-positive populations in different geographical regions of Lithuania. Keywords: Baltic States, prevention, rabies, wildlife, TTC marker, ELISA seroconversion Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 299-306 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7574-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7574-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7574-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Landa Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Slais Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Machalova Author-Workplace-Name: CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Sulcova Author-Workplace-Name: CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Interaction of CB1 receptor agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide with behavioural sensitisation to morphine in mice Abstract: Activities of the endocannabinoid system are believed to be substantially involved in psychostimulant and opioid addiction. Nevertheless, interactions between cannabinoid and opioid systems are not yet fully understood. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the interaction between morphine and the cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA) in behavioural sensitisation. Sensitisation occurs after repeated exposure to drugs of abuse including morphine and cannabinomimetics and it has been suggested to mediate craving and relapses. Male mice were randomly allocated into three groups and were seven times (from the 7th to 13th day of the experiment) administered drugs as follows: (a) n1: vehicle at the dose of 10 ml/kg/day; (b) n2: morphine at the dose of 10.0 mg/kg/day; (c) n3: ACPA at the dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day. Changes in locomotor behaviour were measured in the Open Field Test: (a) after administration of vehicle on the 1st experimental day, (b) after the 1st dose of drugs given on the 7th day, and (c) on the 14th day after "challenge doses" given in the following way: n1: saline at the dose of 10 ml/kg, n2, 3: morphine at the dose of 10.0 mg/kg. Registered behavioural changes unambiguously showed the development of behavioural sensitisation to the stimulatory effects of morphine on locomotion after its repeated administration (P < 0.05). However, surprisingly, taking into account reports on synergistic effects of opioids and cannabinoid receptor stimulation, a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in behavioural sensitisation to morphine occurred when the drug challenge dose was given following repeated pre-treatment with the CB1 receptor agonist ACPA, i.e. suppression of cross-sensitisation to morphine. Keywords: behavioural sensitisation, morphine, cannabinoids, ACPA, mice Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 307-314 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7575-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7575-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7575-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.Y. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.J. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.H. Seok Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Y.K. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Haeundae Animal Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H.C. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.C. Yeon Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Title: Thoracoscopic-assisted lung lobectomy using hem-o-lok clips in a dog with lung lobe torsion: a case report Abstract: An eleven-year-old, 3-kg, intact female Maltese was presented for depression, anorexia and dyspnoea. Thoracic radiographs showed right-side pleural effusion, a vesicular emphysema pattern and consolidation of the right middle lung lobe. A presumptive diagnosis of lung lobe torsion (LLT) in the right middle lobe was made using a computed tomography scan. Thoracoscopic exploration was performed without one-lung ventilation in the right hemithorax. Pleural fluid and engorgement of the torsed lung lobe were observed. A total lung lobectomy of the right middle lung lobe was performed with a thoracoscopic-assisted procedure using hem-o-lok clips applied to the hilus. The dog was discharged three days after surgery, and no recurrence of the clinical signs of disease related to the respiratory system was observed during the follow-up time period of six months. Based on these findings, we conclude that thoracoscopic-assisted lung lobectomy using hem-o-lok clips is a minimally invasive surgical alternative to thoracotomy and successful operative intervention for lung lesions in small breed dogs. Keywords: thoracoscopy, lung lobe torsion, lung lobectomy, hem-o-lok clip, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 315-318 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7576-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7576-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7576-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Champour Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Author-Name: N. Ojrati Author-Workplace-Name: Iranmeher Companion Animal Clinic, Mashhad, Iran Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azad University of Garmsar, Garmsar, Iran Title: Ventriculotomy for the removal of a foreign body in a common myna (Acridotheres tristis): a case report Abstract: A seven-month old common myna with a history of ingesting a wire was transferred to the Iranmehr companion animal clinic in Mashhad, Iran. The bird's symptoms included anorexia, retching, intermittent vomiting, a lack of vocalisation, fluffing, and nervousness lasting for two days. X-rays confirmed a radiopaque foreign body in the proventriculus. Initial attempts to remove the wire thorough the oral route were futile; however, surgical removal using ventriculotomy (ventral midline celiotomy) under general anaesthesia proved successful. Slight haemorrhaging occurred when the incision was made in the caudal aspect of the ventriculus, but overall, the procedure was performed with no serious complications. A follow-up after three month revealed no complications. Despite the negative views associated with this technique, our study shows that ventriculotomy can be recommended for the removal of ventricular and proventricular foreign bodies, at least in this species. Keywords: avian surgery, myna, foreign body, celiotomy, ventriculotomy Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 319-323 Volume: 59 Issue: 6 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7577-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7577-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201406-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:6:id:7577-VETMED