Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Sladek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Rysanek Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Sladek Z, Rysanek D: CD14 expression, apoptosis and necrosis in resident and inflammatory macrophages from virgin bovine mammary gland Abstract: This paper investigates the association between expression of CD14 and occurrence of apoptosis in blood monocytes, resident (RESMAC) and inflammatory macrophages from heifer mammary glands after infusion of PBS (INFMACPBS) or LPS (INFMACLPS). Resident macrophages (RESMAC) were obtained before, and inflammatory macrophages (INFMACPBS and INFMACLPS) 24 h after, induction of an inflammatory response using phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mammary glands of unbred heifers. Cell samples were analysed for differential counts, CD14 expression, apoptosis and necrosis using flow cytometry. In vitro cultivation led to a decrease in the proportion of living cells and to an increase in the proportion of apoptotic and necrotic cells in all macrophages and blood monocytes. In CD14+ macrophages, the proportions of live cells increased and proportions of apoptotic and necrotic cells decreased after in vitro cultivation. We observed in CD14- macrophages and monocytes that the proportions of live cells decreased and proportions of apoptotic and necrotic cells increased after in vitro cultivation. Our experiments confirm that the expression of CD14 in bovine mammary gland macrophages and blood monocytes is associated with cell viability. Keywords: virgin bovine mammary gland, in vitro, macrophages, CD14, apoptosis, cytokines, lipopolysaccharide Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 467-478 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7777-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7777-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7777-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Habibu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: M.U. Kawu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: H.J. Makun Author-Workplace-Name: National Animal Production Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: T. Aluwong Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: L.S. Yaqub Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: M.S. Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: M. Tauheed Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Author-Name: H.U. Buhari Author-Workplace-Name: Samaru College of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Title: Influence of sex, reproductive status and foetal number on erythrocyte osmotic fragility, haematological and physiologic parameters in goats during the hot-dry season Abstract: The current study was aimed at evaluating the effect of heat stress (during the hot-dry period) on some physiological variables, haematology and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) in bucks, pregnant (single and twin) and lactating Red Sokoto (RS) goats. Forty apparently healthy adult goats were used for the study and were allotted to four groups [bucks (n = 10), pregnant (n = 10) dry (n = 10), and lactating (n = 10) does]. The pregnant goats were further re-grouped according to number of foetuses (single foetus, n = 5 and twins, n = 5). The temperature-humidity index and physiological variables measured were significantly higher in the afternoon compared to morning hours. Pregnant does had higher respiratory and pulse rates than the dry does, but no significant change (P > 0.05) in rectal temperature was observed between groups. On the basis of sex, bucks had lower (P < 0.05) mean corpuscular volume (MCV) than other groups, in addition to having higher (P < 0.01) mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and total leucocyte counts than dry does. Pregnant does exhibited significantly lower (P < 0.05) packed cell volume, but significantly higher (P < 0.05) MCH and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) than lactating does. Does with a single foetus had significantly lower (P < 0.05) MCV, but higher MCHC than does with twin pregnancies. Using EOF as a biomarker of oxidative stress, erythrocytes of bucks were significantly more resistant to hypotonic haemolysis than those of dry, pregnant and lactating does, with no significant difference in EOF between does of different groups. The erythrocytes of single and twin pregnancies showed similar haemolysis pattern. In conclusion, sex, lactation, and the number of foetuses carried by pregnant does significantly influences physiological and haematological variables in RS goats during the hot-dry season. Also, during heat stress, the changes in physiological variables seem to enhance favourable adaptation by preventing an increase in rectal temperature even in twin pregnancies. Keywords: physiological variables, haematological variables, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, Red Sokoto goats, hot-dry season, pregnant does Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 479-490 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7778-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7778-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7778-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.D. Upadhaya Author-Workplace-Name: Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: K.Y. Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Morningbio Co., Ltd., Cheonan, Choongnam, Republic of Korea Author-Name: I.H. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea Title: Influence of protected organic acid blends and diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of protected organic acid blends including medium chain fatty acids and different nutrient density diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. A total of 80 crossed [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] growing pigs with an initial body weight (BW) of 22.61 ± 2.32 kg were used in a six-week trial. Pigs were randomly allocated into one of four treatment groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two levels of nutrient density (high and low) and protected organic acid (0% and 0.1%) according to their sex and BW (five replicates with two gilts and two barrows per pen). Pigs fed high nutrient density diets had increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG0 and gain: feed (G : F) than those fed low nutrient density diets. Likewise, pigs fed protected organic acid diets exhibited increased (P < 0.05) ADG compared with pigs fed no additional protected organic acids. An interactive effect (P = 0.03) between organic acid and nutrient density was observed on feed conversion by pigs. Dry matter (DM) digestibility tended to improve (P = 0.08) in pigs fed high nutrient density diets compared with low nutrient density diets. However, nitrogen (N) and energy (E) digestibility was not influenced by the nutrient density. Likewise, protected organic acid supplementation did not influence (P > 0.05) DM, N or E digestibility. Organic acid supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) H2S content from faeces on Day 1, Day 3, Day 5 and Day 7 of incubation. Low nutrient density diets led to a reduction (P < 0.05) in H2S gas content on Day 1 of incubation. No interactive effect on faecal noxious gas content was observed between nutrient density and organic acid. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of protected organic acids with a high nutrient diet improved growth performance and reduced H2S acid emission. Keywords: digestibility, growing pig, growth performance, microflora, protected organic acid Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 491-497 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7779-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7779-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7779-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.Y. Heo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: J.W. Seol Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: N.S. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Characterisation and assessment of electrospun Poly/hydroxyapatite nanofibres together with a cell adhesive for bone repair applications Abstract: In this study, we fabricated Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HAp) nanofibres using electrospinning and evaluated their potential use for bone repair applications. Analysis confirmed that the PLGA nanofibres were similar to the natural extracellular matrix and included HAp particles. Further, gelatin augmented the adhesion of electrospun nanofibres in the cell adhesion test. Therefore, electrospun PLGA/HAp nanofibres together with gelatin can be utilised for bone repair applications. Keywords: Poly(lactide-co-glycolide), hydroxyapatite, nanofibre, electrospinning, gelatin Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 498-501 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7780-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7780-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7780-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Ledecky Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Hluchy Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Freilichman Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: S. Hornak Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Knazovicky Author-Workplace-Name: Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: Clinical comparison and short-term radiographic evaluation of Tight Rope and Lateral Suture procedures for dogs after cranial cruciate ligament rupture Abstract: The aim of this study was to monitor short-term osteoarthrosis progress in relation to a recently introduced novel extracapsular method called the Tight Rope procedure and after Lateral Suture with nylon in cruciate-deficient dog stifle joints. Twelve dogs were included in the study. Treatment type was not randomised. Mediolateral radiographs from 12 stifle joint were evaluated preoperatively and six months after surgery. A modified scoring system for evaluation of osteoarthrotic changes was used. The initial osteoarthrotic score in the TightRope group ranged from three to six and in the Lateral Suture group from 0 to 11. In the TightRope group 66.6% of dogs had an osteoathrotic score difference of ≤ 5 and 33.3% dogs had an osteoarthrotic score difference of > 5. For the Lateral Suture group 50% of dogs had an osteoarthrotic score difference of ≤ 5 and 50% dogs had an osteoarthrotic score difference of > 5. The Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative osteoarthrotic scores (P = 0.0038). No significant differences were noted between TightRope and Lateral Suture groups in terms of changes in mean radiographic osteoarthrotic score preoperatively and at the six-month postoperative end point. Both groups had numerically higher radiographic scores six months after surgery. Keywords: cruciate-deficient stifle, extracapsular method, radiology, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 502-505 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7781-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7781-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7781-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Macrì Author-Workplace-Name: University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: G. Rapisarda Author-Workplace-Name: ASP Siracusa, Noto (SR), Italy Author-Name: G. Lanteri Author-Workplace-Name: University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: S. Di Pietro Author-Workplace-Name: University of Messina, Messina, Italy Author-Name: E. Auriemma Author-Workplace-Name: Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy Author-Name: F. Marino Author-Workplace-Name: University of Messina, Messina, Italy Title: Congenital absence of humerus with preaxial terminal longitudinal hemimelia and hypoplasia of the scapula in a dog: a case report Abstract: A case of a unilateral forelimb congenital defect in a three-month-old female puppy dog with clinical and radiographic findings is described here. Congenital absence of humerus with preaxial terminal longitudinal hemimelia is a rare condition in human and animal species. Although similar congenital limb deformities in dogs have previously been documented, the present case is, to the authors' knowledge, the first report of this type of forelimb hemimelia in a dog, and represents an addition to the scant literature on this topic. Keywords: aplasia, canine, limb defect, malformations, pathology Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 506-510 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7782-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7782-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7782-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.S. Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: Biomedical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: J. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Title: Immunohistochemical characterisation of a canine case of granular cell type trichoblastoma: a case report Abstract: Herein we describe a case of granular cell type trichoblastoma in a dog. A nine-year-old, intact male Scottish terrier presented with a solitary, exophytic and non-ulcerated nodule on the shoulder. Histopathologically, the nodule showed a ribbon-like structure, which was composed of branching cords of epithelial cells surrounded by fibrous stroma. In addition, islands of large clear cells were also noted. The clear cells showed eccentric nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic vacuoles, which were strongly positive for periodic acid-Schiff staining. Cytoplasmic immunostaining for cytokeratin (CK) 14 and nuclear immunostaining for p63 were observed in the neoplastic cells. In contrast, CK18 staining was scant. Furthermore, the hair bulge stem cell marker CK15 showed strong cytoplasmic staining. Based on these histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumour was diagnosed as a granular cell type trichoblastoma, which is rarely reported in dogs. Keywords: dog, trichoblastoma, immunohistochemistry, cytokeratin Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 511-514 Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7783-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7783-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201410-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:59:y:2014:i:10:id:7783-VETMED