Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kabu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey Author-Name: C. Uyarlar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey Title: The effects of borax on milk yield and selected metabolic parameters in Austrian Simmental (Fleckvieh) cows Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effects of orally administered borax on milk yield and on several blood variables related to metabolism in early lactation in Austrian Simmental cows (Fleckvieh). Twenty primiparous cows were selected at parturition and then assigned to one of two groups, the control group or the borax group. The study lasted for four weeks. Borax was administered orally at 0.2 mg/kg/day (Boron group) to all treatment cows shortly after the noon milking, whereas cows in the control group were not treated. All cows consumed the same diet. All feeds in the diet were analysed for crude cellulose, protein, ether extract, ash, and dry matter according to the Weende Analysis Systems, in addition to ADF and NDF, according to Van Soest. Blood samples were collected from all cows via the vena jugularis on lactation Days 0, 7, 15, 21 and 28 and analysed for the following: serum boron (B), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), total cholesterol (TChol), high density lipids (HDL), total protein (TP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin (ALB), creatine (CRE), uric acid (UA), glucose (GLU), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) concentrations. Serum B concentration was higher in the borax group than in the control group at Weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the experiment. Serum B concentration did not change in the control group during these weeks, but it gradually increased in the borax group week by week (P < 0.05). Borax administration increased serum TP and decreased the serum UA concentration at Week 4, and decreased serum HDL concentration at Week 3 of the experiment. Serum TChol, BHBA, and BUN concentrations increased (P < 0.05), while NEFA decreased (P < 0.05) after parturition in both groups. The BHBA concentration gradually increased in the control group, but it began to decrease in the borax group during the final week of the experiment. Moreover, milk yield did not differ between the groups for 14 weeks. The results indicate that borax administration did not have any negative effects on the health of Austrian Simmental (Fleckvieh) cows during early lactation. However, studies of longer duration are needed to reveal the effectiveness of borax administration with respect to early lactation in cows. Keywords: boron, Austrian Simmental (Fleckvieh), lipid profile, milk yield Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 175-180 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8104-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8104-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8104-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.J. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: W.S. Jeong Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Republic of Korea Author-Name: E.M. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.G. Yeo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: D.J. An Author-Workplace-Name: Viral Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H. Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Epidemiology Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang, Republic of Korea Author-Name: E.J. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Author-Name: C.K. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea Title: Prevalence of Trichinella spp. antibodies in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and domestic pigs in Korea Abstract: Trichinellosis is a parasitic zoonosis that is of importance to public health; human trichinellosis usually occurs when improperly cooked pork or wild animal meat is consumed. The purpose of this study was to determine the nationwide seroprevalence of Trichinella infection in wild boar and domestic pig populations in Korea. Using ELISA, we detected no seropositivity among the serum samples of 2350 domestic pigs collected in 2013, indicating that the domestic cycles of Trichinella spp. have disappeared from the domestic pig population in Korea. In contrast, approximately 13% of the 434 wild boars hunted in 2013 were seropositive. Furthermore, the seroprevalence of six of the seven provinces was between 6.7% and 18.3%, indicating that Trichinella infection occurred in the wild boar population throughout the country. The results of this study suggest that Trichinella circulates in the wild boar population and could be transmitted from infected wild boars to other wildlife, domestic pigs, and humans in Korea. Therefore, we recommend continued surveillance of Trichinella infection prevalence in wild animals and an appropriate strategy to prevent human infection in Korea. Keywords: Trichinella spp., trichinellosis, seroprevalence, ELISA, wild boar, domestic pig Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 181-185 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8105-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8105-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8105-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Ledecky Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Kuricova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: T. Liptak Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Cizkova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Centre of Excellence for Brain Research, Kosice, Slovak Republic Title: The effects of inosine on clinical and histological findings after experimental spinal cord injury in rats Abstract: Inosine is a naturally occurring purine nucleoside, the effect of which was discovered only in recent decades. It has potential to prevent neuronal and glial death and can stimulate axonal outgrowth. This study evaluated the effect of inosine (400 mg per rat) administered orally two hours after experimental spinal cord injury and continuously daily for 12 days. We observed the effect of inosine on clinical and histological changes by means of measurement of recovery of hind leg motor function and urinary bladder function, frequency of spasms, neuronal profile and spinal cord tissue sparing. The rats were randomly divided into three groups, SCI-Aqua and SCI-Inosine, with daily administration of aqua for injection or inosine, and SCI-Sham group without spinal injury. The motor function of hind legs and urinary bladder function were evaluated daily for 12 days after the spinal cord injury. In the SCI-Inosine group we recorded lower incidence of spasms due to spinal cord irritation in the early postoperative period when compared to the SCI-Aqua group. We used immunohistochemistry with specific neuronal antibodies to determine the neuronal profiles and the Luxol fast blue staining method to detect the white and grey matter tissue sparing. In our study we recorded significant differences in recovery between the SCI-Aqua and SCI-Inosine group from eighth days after surgery. Moreover, the post mortem investigation of transverse spinal cord sections revealed significantly higher numbers in the SCI-Inosine group (more neurons, greater tissue sparing). According to our findings inosine accelerates the recovery of neurological functions. Keywords: spinal compression, secondary injury, locomotor function, urinary bladder function, axonal rewiring Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 186-193 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8106-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8106-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8106-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Jia Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: C. Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: L. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: Y. Li Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: J. Cui Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: S. Cao Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: R. Li Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: C. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: Y. Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: A. Wen Author-Workplace-Name: Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Title: The effects of a propofol/alfentanil admixture on total intravenous anaesthesia in dogs undergoing splenectomy Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular and respiratory effects and the bispectral scale index (BIS) as well as the recovery period characteristics in response to treatment with a propofol/alfentanil admixture of different concentrations in dogs undergoing splenectomy. We conducted a prospective, randomised, blinded experimental trial. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained by continuous-infusion anaesthesia of propofol and alfentanil or a propofol/alfentanil admixture after premedication with acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg). Dogs were assigned to receive different concentrations of the admixture. Changes in BIS value, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), non-invasive arterial blood pressure, pulse oximetry (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations (ETCO2) and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded at predefined time points during anaesthesia. Data [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures followed by a Dunnett's test and Student's t-test (P < 0.05) and where necessary, the Mann-Whitney U-test. No significant differences were found between groups with respect to age, body mass, SpO2, ETCO2, fR, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure (SAP, DAP and MAP). BIS values were significantly lower in Group 2 when compared to Group 1 at T7, T8, T9. The HR of Group 2 was significantly lower at T2 to T9 when compared to Group 1. The propofol and alfentanil admixture provided satisfactory results in dogs undergoing splenectomy. Thus, an admixture of propofol/alfentanil may be used for total IV anaesthesia in dogs at the infusion rates determined in this study. Keywords: propofol, alfentanil, admixture, total intravenous anaesthesia, dogs Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 194-201 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8107-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8107-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8107-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.I. Han Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.J. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: S.G. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Author-Name: H.M. Park Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Title: Antimicrobial effects of topical skin cream containing natural oil mixtures against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of a topical skin cream containing a mixture of emu oil, jojoba oil, avocado oil, and tea tree oil against the canine skin pathogens Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Malassezia pachydermatis. Three S. pseudintermedius isolates from dogs and a type strain of M. pachydermatis were used. Based on the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) were determined. In addition, microbial inactivation time was determined for both pathogens. The MICs against S. pseudintermedius and M. pachydermatis were 0.23% and 0.63%, while the MBC/MFCs were 7.5% and 5%, respectively. In assessments of the microbial inactivation time, after 12 h of incubation with the cream, the growth of both pathogens was completely inhibited. These results suggest that the skin cream tested here can be used as a substitute for generally used antibiotic/antifungal agents. Keywords: natural oil, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Malassezia pachydermatis, antimicrobial effect Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 202-207 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8108-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8108-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8108-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.F. Agudelo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Schanilec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The Canine J wave Abstract: The J wave is a deflection immediately following the QRS complex of the surface ECG. The J wave has been observed in humans under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We describe in this paper the ratio of incidence of this phenomenon in healthy dogs and dogs with pathological disease and the effect of exercise on its size and shape. At rest, a J wave was observed at the R-ST junction of the ECG in 11 of 34 adult dogs, usually in leads I, II, III, aVR, and aVF and left lateral precordial leads. After a submaximal exercise test there were no variations in the shape or the size of the J wave. Keywords: electrocardiography, exercise test, repolarisation, dogs Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 208-212 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8109-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8109-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8109-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Lew Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: S. Lew Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Biology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M. Drazek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A. Pomianowski Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Penetrating eye injury in a dog: a case report Abstract: A four-year-old, male German Shepherd dog with severe pain in the left eye following a corneal perforation with a foreign body was examined. An ophthalmic examination revealed conjunctival hyperaemia and pancorneal dense oedema, preventing a diagnosis of deeper structures of the eye and lowered IOP. Vision testing was missing or impossible to detect. Ultrasonography showed a solid hyperechoic line protruding through the iris and lens into the vitreous and minor posterior lens displacement. The dog qualified for immediate surgical treatment. Intraoperative ophthalmic examination revealed a rupture of the anterior hyaloid membrane with vitreous herniation, posterior lens subluxation, lens capsule rupture and a torn iris. Partial iridectomy and intracapsular lens extraction (ICLE) was conducted. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed iridodonesis and a gradual reduction of the corneal oedema, leading to complete transparency in the bottom two-thirds of the area on Day 12 after surgery. Direct and consensual PLR was sluggish and the dazzle reflex was positive. An electroretinographic examination confirmed normal activity of the retina. Keywords: acute ocular trauma, intraocular foreign body, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 213-221 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8110-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8110-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8110-VETMED Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Eravci Yalin Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: Y. Devecioglu Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: A. Demirutku Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: Z. Mutlu Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: A. Gurel Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Author-Name: D. Haktanir Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Title: Intramedullary spinal cord meningioma in a Boxer: a case report Abstract: Meningiomas are the most common primary tumours of the canine central nervous system. The incidence of these tumours increases with age and they are more frequently encountered in dogs older than seven years. Meningiomas are solitary, well-defined neoplasias that more commonly grow via compression and less commonly by infiltrating the nervous tissue. Meningiomas exhibit 82% intracranial, 15% intraspinal and 3% retrobulbar location. Meningiomas of the spinal cord are mostly benign in character with intradural-extramedullary location in the cervical segments. The case reported here consisted of a 10-year old male Boxer presenting with a complaint of inability to use its left foreleg. In the neurological examination, upper motor neuron findings were recorded and direct radiography, myelography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical region were performed. Interpretation of the transversal, coronal and sagittal cross-section magnetic resonance images taken of T1-weighted, T2-weighted and T1-weighted with contrast sequences, revealed a well-defined intramedullary mass at the level of the C5-C6 vertebra. Histopathological examination of the neoplastic mass revealed it to be a transitional (mixed) meningioma which had infiltrated into the spinal cord. Keywords: meningioma, cervical region, spinal tumour, dog Journal: Veterinární medicína Pages: 222-226 Volume: 60 Issue: 4 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8111-VETMED File-URL: http://vetmed.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8111-VETMED.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/vet-201504-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlvet:v:60:y:2015:i:4:id:8111-VETMED